The United States Golf Association (USGA) is the United States' national association of golf courses, clubs and facilities and the governing body of golf for the U.S. and Mexico. Together with the Royal and Ancient Golf Club of St Andrews, the USGA produces and interprets the rules of golf. The USGA also provides a national handicap system for golfers, organises several major golf championships, and tests golf equipment for conformity with regulations.
The USGA sponsors the Walker Cup Match. It is named after George Herbert Walker, who was USGA President in 1920. President George H. W. Bush is named for Walker, who is his grandfather. From 1928-1935, Prescott Bush was a member of the Executive Committee, serving successively as Secretary, Vice President and President.
When the USGA introduced the new version of its green construction recommendations (4) in March 1993, there were several changes made that expanded the types and sizes of materials that can be used in the USGA green profile, including the gravel bed, the intermediate layer, and the root zone mix.
The USGA method for determining the physical properties of a greensmix does not include putting all three components (greensmix, intermediate layer, and gravel) together in layers when testing, but to test the physical properties of the greensmix in 2" x 3" cylinders separately from the intermediate layer and gravel.
We thought it would be interesting to construct threelayered models of the USGA methods of golf green construction (the former 12mm intermediate layer method and the two new options) and to compare water permeability rates of the three models with those of the greensmix determined separately under USGA protocol.