UUNET Technologies Logo

Post-WorldCom UUNET Logo

Original UUNET Logo

UUNET is one of the oldest and largest Internet service providers and one of the nine Tier 1 networks. It is based in Northern Virginia. Pre-Worldcom UUNET Logo, ca. ... This is a copyrighted and/or trademarked logo. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... “ISP” redirects here. ... A Tier 1 Network is an IP network (typically but not necessarily an Internet Service Provider) which connects to the entire Internet solely via Settlement Free Interconnection, commonly known as peering. ... This does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...

Background

Prior to its founding, access to Usenet and E-mail exchange from non-ARPANET sites was accomplished using a cooperative network of systems running the UUCP protocol over POTS lines. During the mid-1980s, growth of this network began to put considerable strain on the resources voluntarily provided by the larger UUCP hubs. This prompted Rick Adams, a system administrator at the Center for Seismic Studies, to explore the possibilities of providing these services commercially as a way to reduce the burden on the existing hubs. Usenet (USEr NETwork) is a global, decentralized, distributed Internet discussion system that evolved from a general purpose UUCP architecture of the same name. ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... ARPANET logical map, March 1977. ... UUCP stands for Unix to Unix CoPy. ... For other senses of this word, see protocol. ... Plain old telephone service, or POTS, are the services available from analogue telephones prior to the introduction of electronic telephone exchanges into the public switched telephone network. ... UUCP stands for Unix to Unix CoPy. ... Network node (NN): A grouping of one or more network elements (at one or more sites) which provides network related functions, and is administered as a single entity. ... Rick Adams was an Internet pioneer and the founder of UUNET, which, in the mid and late 1990s, was the worlds largest Internet Services Provider (ISP). ...

Early existence

With funding in the form of a loan from Usenix, UUNET Communications Services began operation in 1987 as a non-profit corporation providing Usenet feeds, E-mail exchange and access to a large repository of software source code and related information. The venture proved successful and shed its non-profit status within two years. At the same time, the company changed its name to UUNET Technologies. In 1990, UUNET launched its AlterNet service, which provided access to an IP backbone independent of the constraints of those operated by the government. That network lives on in a much larger form and serves as the core of a set of products which include access at dial-up and broadband speeds as well as web hosting. The USENIX Association is the Advanced Computing Technical Association. ... Usenet (USEr NETwork) is a global, decentralized, distributed Internet discussion system that evolved from a general purpose UUCP architecture of the same name. ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... The Internet Protocol (IP) is a data-oriented protocol used for communicating data across a packet-switched internetwork. ... In telecommunication, the term dial-up has the following meanings: Dial-up access, typically to the Internet A service feature in which a user initiates service on a previously arranged trunk or transfers, without human intervention, from an active trunk to a standby trunk. ... Broadband Internet access, often shortened to broadband Internet or just broadband is a high data-transmission rate Internet connection. ... Web hosting is a service that provides individuals, organizations and users with online systems for storing information, images, video, or any content accessible via the Web. ...

In the mid 1990s, UUNET was the fastest growing ISP, outpacing MCI and Sprint. At its peak, Internet traffic was doubling every few months, which translates to 10x growth each year, but it followed the pattern of the dot-com bubble and crashed in 2000/2001. The dot-com bubble was a speculative bubble covering roughly 1995–2001 during which stock markets in Western nations saw their value increase rapidly from growth in the new Internet sector and related fields. ...

Verizon

Today, UUNET is an internal brand of Verizon Business (formerly MCI). As of 2005, its Internet service and infrastructure, assigned AS701 maintained the highest outdegree of any ISP.^[1][2] MCI logo MCI, Inc. ... MCI logo MCI, Inc. ... 2005 is a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... In the Internet, an autonomous system (AS) is a collection of IP networks and routers under the control of one entity (or sometimes more) that presents a common routing policy to the Internet. ... In graph theory, the degree (or valency) of a vertex is the number of edges incident to the vertex. ...

Spam

The name UUNET has lost much of its luster in the eyes of today's network engineers due to Verizon Business' lax policies toward spam, this lead to UUNET gaining the nickname SpewSpewNet in some circles. Although Verizon has now significantly reduced this, as of April 2006 Spamhaus listed 83 known spam sources under the responsibility of Verizon Business. A KMail folder full of spam emails collected over a few days. ... SpewSpewNet became a nickname for UUNET after it had been sold and resold during the onset of the dot. ... The Spamhaus Project is a largely volunteer effort founded by Steve Linford in 1998 that aims to track e-mail spammers and spam-related activity. ...

Timeline

• 1987 - UUNET Communications Services is founded and passes its first traffic via the CompuServe Network on May 12th using UUCP (Unix to Unix Copy Protocol).
• 1989 - UUNET becomes a for-profit corporation
• 1990 - UUNET launches AlterNet
• 1991 - UUNET participates in the founding of the Commercial Internet Exchange Association
• 1995 - The company sells stock on the NASDAQ stock market in an initial public offering that would become part of the beginning of the dot-com boom.
• 1996 - Metropolitan Fiber Systems (MFS) acquires UUNET for $2/Billion Dollars
• 1996 - WorldCom acquires MFS on New Years Eve - Dec. 31st at 11:58 p.m EST for $12.4/Billion Dollars
• 1998 - On September 15, WorldCom and MCI announced their US$37 billion merger to form MCI WorldCom
• 1998 - WorldCom acquires CompuServe Network Services from H&R Block and ANS Communications from AOL. Both become part of UUNET in 1999.
• 1999 - On October 5th, MCI Worldcom announces its intentions to buy Sprint for $129/Billion Dollars.
• 2000 - The European Commission and DOJ denied the MCI WorldCom / Sprint merger on Anti-Trust Grounds.
• 2000 - The UUNET brand is folded into WorldCom's product line and disappears
• 2003 - The UUNET brand re-emerges as WorldCom's wholesale-only brand
• 2004 - WorldCom renames itself to MCI, still using the UUNET brand for wholesale business.
• 2005 - MCI again drops the UUNET brand for wholesale business. The name is no longer in use to this date.
• 2006 - Verizon acquires MCI, including its UUNET subsidiary, now known as Verizon Business.

CompuServe, (in full, CompuServe Information Services, or CIS), was the first major commercial online service in the United States. ... UUCP stands for Unix to Unix CoPy. ... NASDAQ in Times Square, New York City. ... An initial public offering (IPO) is the first sale of a corporations common shares to investors on a public stock exchange. ... Dot-com (also dotcom or redundantly dot. ... Metropolitan Fiber Systems Inc, later known as MFS Communications Company, was a last mile provider of business grade telecomunication products such as long distance, and internet access through its own fiber rings in major urban areas such as Washington DC, New York City, Chicago, Los Angeles; bypassing ILEC connections and... For a time, WorldCom (WCOM) was the United States second largest long distance phone company (AT&T was the largest). ... For a time, WorldCom (WCOM) was the United States second largest long distance phone company (AT&T was the largest). ... MCI logo MCI, Inc. ... For a time, WorldCom (WCOM) was the United States second largest long distance phone company (AT&T was the largest). ... H&R Block (NYSE: HRB) is a tax preparation and personal finance management company founded by brothers Henry W. and Richard Bloch in Kansas City in 1955 (they changed the name of the company to prevent mispronunciation). ... It has been suggested that AOL search data scandal be merged into this article or section. ... The Commission seat in Brussels The European Commission (formally the Commission of the European Communities) is the executive body of the European Union. ... DOJ headquarters in Washington, D.C. Justice Department redirects here. ... For a time, WorldCom (WCOM) was the United States second largest long distance phone company (AT&T was the largest). ... For a time, WorldCom (WCOM) was the United States second largest long distance phone company (AT&T was the largest). ... For a time, WorldCom (WCOM) was the United States second largest long distance phone company (AT&T was the largest). ... MCI logo MCI, Inc. ...

Notes

1. ^ Visualizing Internet Topology at a Macroscopic Scale April 2005
2. ^ AS ranking

External links

• UUNET
• Tim O'Reilly discusses UUNET as an open source-derived business. Includes some history.
• Discussions about UUNET spam in [1].
• Usenet message in comp.org.usenix announcing UUNET creation (Jan 29 1987)
• Estimated spam Business on UUNET