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Encyclopedia > Ugric languages

Ugric languages or Ugrian languages are generally held to be a branch of Finno-Ugric languages. The term derives from Yugra. Approximate geographical distribution of areas where indigenous Finno-Ugric languages are spoken. ... Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, a territory formerly known as Yugra Yugra (Russian: ) was the name of the lands between the Pechora River and Northern Urals in the Russian annals of the 12th–17th centuries, as well as the name of the Khanty and partly Mansi tribes inhabiting these territories. ...


They include three languages: Hungarian (Magyar), and the Ob-Ugric languages, Khanty (Ostyak) and Mansi language (Vogul). Their common Proto-Ugric language was probably spoken from the end of the 3rd millennium BC until the first half of the 1st millennium BC, in Western Siberia, east from the southern Ural mountains. The Ob-Ugric languages are a subset of the Finno-Ugric languages, specifically referring to the Khanty (Ostyak) and Mansi (Vogul) languages. ... Khanty or Xanty language, also known as the Ostyak language, is a language of the Khant peoples. ... Mansi language, also known as Vogul language (Мансийский язык, Вогульский язык in Russian), is a language of the Mansi people. ... The 3rd millennium BC spans the Early to Middle Bronze Age. ... The 1st millennium BC encompasses the Iron Age and sees the rise of successive empires. ... It has been suggested that Western Siberia be merged into this article or section. ... Map of the Ural Mountains The Ural Mountains (Russian: , Uralskiye gory) (also known as the Urals, the Riphean Mountains in Greco-Roman antiquity, and known as the Stone Belt) are a mountain range that runs roughly north and south through western Russia. ...


Structural features

  • Distinct verb conjugations according to the transitivity of the verb. It is sometimes termed as “definite” versus “indefinite” conjugation, because also the definiteness of the object can play a role when selecting between the two
  • Verbal Prefixes - modify the meaning of the verb in both concrete and abstract ways

Examples from Mansi It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Transitive verb. ... In grammatical theory, definiteness is a feature of noun phrases, distinguishing between entities which are specific and identifiable in a given context (definite noun phrases) and entities which are not (indefinite noun phrases). ... An object in grammar is a sentence element and part of the sentence predicate. ...


ēl(a) - 'forwards, onwards, away'

jōm- 'to go, to stride' ēl-jōm- 'to go away/on'
tinal- 'to sell' ēl-tinal- 'to sell off'

χot - 'direction away from something and other nuances of action intensity'

min- 'to go' χot-min- 'to go away, to stop'
roχt- 'to be frightened' χot-roχt- 'to take fright suddenly'

Examples from Hungarian


el - 'away, off'

ugrik 'to jump' elugrik 'to jump away'
mosolyog 'to smile' elmosolyodik 'to start to smile'

ki - 'out (of)'

ugrik 'to jump' kiugrik 'to jump out'
olvas 'to read' kiolvas 'to read out'

(In Hungarian, the citation form of verbs is the 3rd person singular form, which is given here, which doesn't have any suffixes.) In linguistics, citation form is the way a word is prononunced when it is spoken carefully and in isolation, such as when reading a list of words. ...


See also

Approximate geographical distribution of areas where indigenous Finno-Ugric languages are spoken. ... Geographical distribution of Samoyedic, Finnic, Ugric and Yukaghir languages  Yukaghir  Samoyedic  Ugric  Finnic The Uralic languages (pronounced: ) form a language family of about 30 languages spoken by approximately 20 million people. ...

References


  Results from FactBites:
 
NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Abessive case (2515 words)
In the Finnish language, Estonian language and Hungarian language the adessive case (from Latin adesse to be present) is the fourth of the locative cases with the basic meaning of on.
In Indo-Aryan languages, the direct case is the name given to a grammatical case used with all three core relations: the agent of transitive verbs, the patient of transitive verbs, and the experiencer of intransitive verbs.
In the Finnish language, the abessive case is formed with the suffix -tta or -ttä according to vowel harmony.
NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Ugric languages (307 words)
Ugric languages or Ugrian languages are generally held to be a branch of Finno-Ugric languages.
Their common Proto-Ugric language was probably spoken from the end of the 3rd millennium BC until the first half of the 1st millennium BC, in Western Siberia, east from the southern Ural mountains.
As far as the Samic (Lappic) languages are concerned, a hypothesis has been advanced that the Sami were originally speakers of a different language, who adopted their current Finno-Ugric speech under the pressure of their Finnic neighbors.
  More results at FactBites »

 

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