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Ullr‡ is a son of Sif and the stepson of Thor in Norse mythology. While our extant sources are scant he appears to have been a major god at some point. Jump to: navigation, search Image File history File links Download high resolution version (909x1137, 836 KB)Ullr with his skis and his bow. ...
Jump to: navigation, search Image File history File links Download high resolution version (909x1137, 836 KB)Ullr with his skis and his bow. ...
(17th century - 18th century - 19th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 18th century refers to the century that lasted from 1701 through 1800. ...
A manuscript (Latin manu scriptus, written by hand), strictly speaking, is any written document that is put down by hand, in contrast to being printed or reproduced some other way. ...
Ãrni Magnússon was an 18th century scholar from Iceland. ...
Jump to: navigation, search This early 20th century depiction of Sif shows her with long blond hair. ...
Jump to: navigation, search Thor carries his hammer and wears his belt of strength in this illustration from an 18th century Icelandic manuscript. ...
Jump to: navigation, search Norse or Scandinavian mythology refers to the pre-Christian religion, beliefs and legends of the Scandinavian people, including those who settled on Iceland, where the written sources for Norse mythology were assembled. ...
The Prose Edda
In Snorri Sturluson's Prose Edda there is a brief description of Ullr. Snorri Sturluson (1178 – September 23, 1241) was an Icelandic historian, poet and politician. ...
The Younger Edda, known also as the Prose Edda or Snorris Edda is an Icelandic manual of poetics which also contains many mythological stories. ...
- Ullr heitir einn, sonr Sifjar, stjúpsonr Þórs. Hann er bogmaðr svá góðr ok skíðfœrr svá at engi má við hann keppask. Hann er ok fagr álitum ok hefir hermanns atgervi. Á hann er ok gott at heita í einvígi. [Normalized text of the R manuscript http://www.hi.is/~eybjorn/gg/gg4par23.html]
- "Ull, Sif's son and Thór's stepson, is one [too]. He is such a good archer and ski-runner that no one can rival him. He is beautiful to look at as well and he has all the characteristics of a warrior. It is also good to call on him in duels." – Young's translation
Later on, when discussing kennings, Snorri informs his readers that Ullr can be called ski-god, bow-god, hunting-god and shield-god. In turn a shield can be called Ullr's ship. Despite these tantalising tidbits Snorri relates no myths about Ullr. It seems likely that he didn't know any, the god having faded from memory. Jump to: navigation, search This article is about kenning as a poetic notion. ...
Skaldic Poetry Snorri's note that a shield can be called Ullr's ship is borne out by surviving skaldic poetry with kennings such as askr Ullar, far Ullar and kjóll Ullar all meaning Ullr's ship and referring to shields. While the origin of this kenning is unknown it could be connected with the identity of Ullr as a ski-god. Early skis, or perhaps sleds, might have been reminiscent of shields. A late Icelandic manuscript, Laufás-Edda, offers the prosaic explanation that Ullr's ship was called Skjöldr, "Shield". Skaldic poetry (Icelandic: dróttkvæði, court poetry) is Old Norse poetry composed by known skalds, as opposed to the anonymous Eddaic poetry. ...
The name of Ullr is also common in warrior kennings, where it is used as other god names are.
- Ullr brands – Ullr of sword – warrior
- rand-Ullr – shield-Ullr – warrior
- Ullr almsíma – Ullr of bowstring – warrior [1]
Three skaldic poems, Þórsdrápa, Haustlöng and a fragment by Eysteinn Valdason, refer to Thor as Ullr's stepfather, confirming Snorri's information. The Thorsdrapa or Þórsdrápa (Hymn to Thor) is a skaldic poem of Norse mythology usually attributed to EilÃfr Goðrúnarson (11th century). ...
Loki strikes Þjazi with a rod in this picture from an 18th century Icelandic manuscript. ...
The Poetic Edda Ullr is mentioned in Grímnismál where the homes of individual gods are recounted. The Grimnismál, also known as The Ballad of Grimnir, is an Old Norse poem in the Codex Regius, which is part of the Elder Edda. ...
- Ýdalir heita
- þar er Ullr hefir
- sér of görva sali.
| - Ydalir it is called,
- where Ullr has
- himself a dwelling made. – Thorpe's translation
| The name Ýdalir, meaning "yew dales", is not otherwise attested. The yew was an important material in the making of bows, and the word ýr, "yew", is often used metonymically to refer to bows. It seems likely that the name Ýdalir is connected with the idea of Ullr as a bow-god. In Norse mythology, Ydalir (Yew dales) was Ulls hall. ...
Species Taxus baccata - European Yew Taxus brevifolia - Pacific Yew Taxus canadensis - Canadian Yew Taxus chinensis - Chinese Yew Taxus cuspidata - Japanese Yew Taxus floridana - Florida Yew Taxus globosa - Mexican Yew Taxus sumatrana - Sumatran Yew Taxus wallichiana - Himalayan Yew Yews are small coniferous trees or shrubs in the genus Taxus in the...
Another strophe in Grímnismál also mentions Ullr.
- Ullar hylli
- hefr ok allra goða
- hverr er tekr fyrstr á funa,
- því at opnir heimar
- verða of ása sonum,
- þá er hefja af hvera.
| - Ullr’s and all the gods’
- favour shall have,
- whoever first shall look to the fire;
- for open will the dwelling be,
- to the Æsir´s sons,
- when the kettles are lifted off. – Thorpe's translation
| The strophe is obscure but may refer to some sort of religious ceremony. It seems to indicate Ullr as an important god.
The last reference to Ullr in the Poetic Edda is found in Atlakviða. Atlakviða (The Lay of Atli) is a heroic lay from the Poetic Edda. ...
- "Svá gangi þér, Atli,
- sem þú við Gunnar áttir
- eiða oft of svarða
- ok ár of nefnda,
- at sól inni suðrhöllu
- ok at Sigtýs bergi,
- hölkvi hvílbeðjar
- ok at hringi Ullar."
| - "So be it with thee, Atli!
- as toward Gunnar thou hast held
- the oft-sworn oaths,
- formerly taken -
- by the southward verging sun,
- and by Sigtý’s hill,
- the secluded bed of rest,
- and by Ullr’s ring." – Thorpe's translation
| Again we seem to find Ullr associated with some sort of ceremony, this time that of swearing an oath by a ring. Both Atlakviða and Grímnismál are often considered to be among the oldest extant Eddic poems. It may not be a coincidence that they are the only ones to refer to Ullr.
Gesta Danorum In Saxo Grammaticus' Gesta Danorum, Book III, where gods appear euhemerized as powerful humans, Ullr, under the name Ollerus, is described as a cunning wizard, having magical means of transportation. Bishop Asgar, etching by the Danish-Norwegian illustrator Louis Moe (1857—1945) Gesta Danorum (Deeds of the Danes) is a work of Danish history, by 12th century author Saxo Grammaticus (Saxo the Grammarian). It is the most ambitious literary undertaking of medieval Denmark. ...
Euhemeros was a Greek mythologist living in the early 3rd century BC, who developed a new approach for interpreting mythology. ...
- Fama est, illum adeo praestigiarum usu calluisse, ut ad traicienda maria osse, quod diris carminibus obsignavisset, navigii loco uteretur nec eo segnius quam remigio praeiecta aquarum obstacula superaret. [2]
- "The story goes that he was such a cunning wizard that he used a certain bone, which he had marked with awful spells, wherewith to cross the seas, instead of a vessel; and that by this bone he passed over the waters that barred his way as quickly as by rowing." – Elton's translation
When Odin was exiled, Ollerus was chosen to take his place. Ollerus ruled under the name Odin for ten years until the true Odin was called back, whereupon Ollerus retired to Sweden where he was slain by Danes. Jump to: navigation, search Odin is considered to be the supreme god of late Germanic and Norse mythology. ...
Other evidence The name Ullr is probably cognate with the Old English word wuldor and the Gothic word wulþus, meaning "glory". Jump to: navigation, search Old English (also called Anglo-Saxon) is an early form of the English language that was spoken in parts of what is now England and southern Scotland between the mid-fifth century and the mid-twelfth century. ...
The Gothic language (*gutiska razda, *ðŒ²ðŒ¿ð„ðŒ¹ðƒðŒºðŒ° ð‚ðŒ°ðŒ¶ðŒ³ðŒ°) is an extinct Germanic language that was spoken by the Goths and specifically by the Visigoths. ...
The appearance of Ullr's name in numerous Danish, Norwegian and Swedish place names (for example Ulleråker "Ullr's field" and Ullevi "Ullr's shrine") is further evidence that Ullr had at some point a religious importance greater than is immediately apparent from the scant surviving textual references. See also Nerthus. UllerÃ¥ker Hundred, or UllerÃ¥kers härad, was a hundred of Uplandia and Uppsala County in Sweden. ...
Ullevi Stadium Ullevi Stadium, or Nya Ullevi literally New Ullevi, is a stadium in Gothenburg, Sweden. ...
The goddess Nerthus was a Germanic fertility goddess described by Tacitus. ...
Rydberg's theories In Victor Rydberg's idiosyncratic Teutonic Mythology Ullr is the son of Sif and Egill-Örvandill, half-brother of Svipdagr-Óðr, nephew of Völundr and a cousin of Skaði. His father, Egill, was the greatest archer in the mythology, and Ullr follows in his father's footsteps. Ullr helped Svipdagr-Eiríkr rescue Freyja from the giants. He also ruled over the Vanir when they held Ásgarðr during the war between the Vanir and the Æsir. Aurvandil is mentioned once in Norse Mythology, in the Skáldskaparmal section of Snorri Sturlusons Edda: Thor went home to Thrúdvangar, and the hone remained sticking in his head. ...
Svipdag is the hero of the two Old Norse poems, Grogaldr and Fjolsvinnsmal, which are contained within the body of one work, Svipdagsmál. ...
Ódr is described in Snorri Sturlusons Edda as follows: Freyja is most gently born (together with Frigg): she is wedded to the man named Ódr. ...
Weyland (also spelled Wayland, Weland and Watlende) is the mythical smith-god of the Saxon immigrants into Britain. ...
In Norse mythology, Skaði ‡ is a mountain giantess, wife of the Van god Njord and thus a Van goddess herself. ...
While most of Rydberg's theories are dismissed as fanciful by modern scholars his idea that Ullr is connected with the elves of Völundarkviða is not absurd. Both seem associated with skiing and hunting and since Ullr's father is not identified as one of the Æsir he may have been of another race. Völundr and his brothers marry valkyries who dress in swan skins. ...
References Eysteinn Björnsson (ed.) (2005). Snorra-Edda: Formáli & Gylfaginning : Textar fjögurra meginhandrita.
Eysteinn Björnsson (2001). Lexicon of Kennings: Domain of Battle.
Eysteinn Björnsson. Eysteinn Valdason: From a Thor poem.
Finnur Jónsson. Lexicon Poeticum, "Ullr". 1931. S. L. Møllers Bogtrykkeri, København. Entry available online at [3].
Jón Helgason (Ed.). (1955). Eddadigte (3 vols.). Copenhagen: Munksgaard.
Rydberg, Viktor (1889). Teutonic Mythology, trans. Rasmus B. Anderson. London: Swan Sonnenschein & Co. Reprinted 2001, Elibron Classics. ISBN 1402193912. Reprinted 2004, Kessinger Publishing Company. ISBN 0766188914.
Saxo Grammaticus, Gesta Danorum, Books I-IX, translated to English by Oliver Elton 1905.
Saxo Grammaticus, Gesta Danorum, from the Royal Library in Copenhagen, Danish and Latin.
Snorri Sturluson ; translated by Jean I. Young (1964). The Prose Edda : Tales from Norse mythology. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 0520012313.
Thorpe, Benjamin. (Trans.). (1866). Edda Sæmundar Hinns Froða: The Edda Of Sæmund The Learned. (2 vols.) London: Trübner & Co. 1866. (HTML version available at Northvegr: Lore: Poetic Edda - Thorpe Trans.) Benjamin Thorpe (1782 - July, 1870) was an English Anglo_Saxon scholar. ...
Familiar forms In Modern Icelandic Ullr is usually referred to as Ullur. In the mainland Scandinavian languages the familiar form is Ull, without the nominative case marker -r. The latter form is sometimes used as an anglicization, as is Uller. Jump to: navigation, search Icelandic (Ãslenska) is a North Germanic language spoken in Iceland. ...
The North Germanic languages (also Scandinavian languages or Nordic languages) is a branch of the Germanic languages spoken in Scandinavia, parts of Finland and on the Faroe Islands and Iceland. ...
The nominative case is a grammatical case for a noun. ...
The orthography of the Old Norse language since the introduction of the Latin alphabet in Iceland is a thorny subject. ...
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