NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Ulrike Meinhof

Ulrike Marie Meinhof (October 7, 1934 – May 9, 1976) was a German left-wing militant and co-founder of the Red Army Faction after originally working as a journalist for the monthly konkret. Image File history File links Ulrike_Meinhof_als_junge_Journalistin. ... Image File history File links Ulrike_Meinhof_als_junge_Journalistin. ... Ulrike Hanna Meinhof is Professor and Chair of Cultural Studies in the Department of Modern Languages at the University of Bradford. ... October 7 is the 280th day of the year (281st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1934 (MCMXXXIV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... May 9 is the 129th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (130th in leap years). ... 1976 (MCMLXXVI) was a leap year starting on Thursday. ... Red Army Faction Insignia - a Red Star and a Heckler & Koch MP5 The Red Army Faction (or Red Army Fraction; also commonly known as the Baader-Meinhof Group [or Gang]; in German: Rote Armee Fraktion or simply RAF), was postwar West Germanys most active and prominent left-wing terrorist... konkret is a monthly German magazine for politics and culture (according to its subtitle) that has existed since 1955. ...

Early life

Ulrike Meinhof was born in 1934 to the art historian Dr. Werner Meinhof in the town of Oldenburg. Her father died in 1940 and her mother 8 years later, both from differing forms of cancer. The historian and friend of the family Renate Riemeck took on the role of guardian for Ulrike and her older sister. 1934 (MCMXXXIV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... Year 1940 (MCMXL) was a leap year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1940 calendar). ... Year 1948 (MCMXLVIII) was a leap year starting on Thursday (the link is to a full 1948 calendar). ...

In 1955 she took her Abitur at a school in Weilburg. She then studied philosophy, sociology, Pädagogik (partially comparable to philosophy of science but more literally pedagogy) and Germanistik (effectively German studies) at Marburg where she become involved with reform movements. 1955 (MCMLV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Abitur (from Latin abire = go away, go off) is the word commonly used in Germany for the final exams young adults (aged 18, 19 or 20) take at the end of their secondary education, usually after 12 or 13 years of schooling. ... For other uses, see Philosophy (disambiguation). ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Sociological inquiry. ... Philosophy of science studies the philosophical assumptions, foundations, and implications of science, including the formal sciences, natural sciences, and social sciences. ... Pedagogy is the art or science of teaching. ... German studies is the field of humanities that researches, documents, and disseminates German language and literature in both its historic and present forms. ...

In 1957 she moved to the Westfälischen Wilhelms University near Münster and joined the Socialist German Student Union, participating in the protests against the rearmament and involvement with nuclear weapons of the Bundeswehr proposed by Konrad Adenauer's government. She eventually became the spokeswoman of the local 'Anti-Atomtod-Ausschusses' (or 'Anti-Atomic Death Committee'). In 1958, she spent a short time on the AStA of the university and wrote articles for various student newspapers. Year 1957 (MCMLVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... For other places with the same or similar names, and other uses of the word, see Munster (disambiguation) MÃ¼nster is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. ... Sozialistischer Deutscher Studentenbund(SDS) Der Sozialistische Deutsche Studentenbund (Socialist German Student Union) was founded 1946 in Hamburg, Germany, as the college organisation of the SPD(Socialdemocratic Party of Germany). ... The Bundeswehr (Federal Defence Force, ) is the organization that controls and administers the armed forces of Germany. ... For other uses, see Konrad Adenauer (disambiguation). ... Year 1958 (MCMLVIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Asta (born Skippy) was a Wire-Haired Fox Terrier best known for his acting work in the 1934 screwball comedy The Thin Man. ...

In 1959 she joined the banned KPD and later began work at the magazine konkret, becoming chief editor from 1962 until 1964. In 1961, she married the co-founder and publisher of konkret, Klaus Rainer Röhl ; this marriage produced twins, Regine and Bettina, on 21 September 1962 and the couple lasted until their separation in 1967 (followed by divorce the year after). Year 1959 (MCMLIX) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1932 KPD poster, End This System The Communist Party of Germany (German Kommunistische Partei Deutschlands â€“ KPD) was a major political party in Germany between 1918 and 1933, and a minor party in West Germany in the postwar period. ... konkret is a monthly German magazine for politics and culture (according to its subtitle) that has existed since 1955. ... 1962 (MCMLXII) was a common year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1962 calendar). ... 1964 (MCMLXIV) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1964 calendar). ... 1961 (MCMLXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (the link is to a full 1961 calendar). ... Klaus Rainer RÃ¶hl (born 1928) is a German journalist and writer. ... September 21 is the 264th day of the year (265th in leap years). ... 1962 (MCMLXII) was a common year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1962 calendar). ... 1967 (MCMLXVII) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar (the link is to a full 1967 calendar). ...

Establishment of the Fraktion

The attempted assassination of Rudi Dutschke on 11 April 1968 provoked Meinhof to write an article in konkret demonstrating her increasingly militant attitude and containing perhaps her best-known quote: Image File history File links Wikiquote-logo-en. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Alfred Willi Rudolf Dutschke, commonly called Rudi Dutschke (March 7, 1940 â€“ December 24, 1979, Ã…rhus, Denmark) was the most prominent spokesperson of the German student movement of the 1960s. ... April 11 is the 101st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (102nd in leap years). ... 1968 (MCMLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1968 calendar). ...

Later than year, her writings on arson attacks in Frankfurt (protests against the Vietnam War) resulted in her developing an acquaintance with the perpetrators, most significantly Andreas Baader and Gudrun Ensslin. She left her job at konkret in the early part of 1969 (later returning to vandalise the offices in May) and began her life as a self-styled guerilla. Main Station Frankfurt Frankfurt International Airport For other uses, see Frankfurt (disambiguation). ... Combatants Republic of Vietnam United States Republic of Korea Thailand Australia New Zealand The Philippines National Front for the Liberation of South Vietnam Democratic Republic of Vietnam Peopleâ€™s Republic of China Democratic Peoples Republic of Korea Strength US 1,000,000 South Korea 300,000 Australia 48,000... Andreas Baader Andreas Baader (May 6, 1943 - October 18, 1977) was the first leader of the German revolutionary organization Red Army Faction, commonly known as the Baader-Meinhof gang. ... Gudrun Ensslin Gudrun Ensslin (August 15, 1940 - October 18, 1977) was a founder of the German terrorist group Rote Armee Fraktion (RAF), better known as the Baader-Meinhof Gang. ... Year 1969 (MCMLXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1969 calendar). ...

Perhaps her last work as an individual was the writing and production of a film titled Bambule in 1970, urging female revolt and class warfare; by the time it was scheduled to have been aired, she had become a wanted terrorist and its transmission was delayed until 1997. More specifically, by that point she had participated in the breakout of Baader on the 14 May 1970. During this assisted escape (from a research institute Baader was visiting rather than a prison), a 64-year old librarian was hit several times by pistol fire (resulting in critical liver damage) and two law enforcement officers were wounded. Baader and the three women involved were accused of attempted murder and a 10,000DM reward offered for Meinhof's capture.^[2] Bambule is a term often used in German slang. ... 1970 (MCMLXX) was a common year starting on Thursday (the link is to a full 1970 calendar). ... 1997 (MCMXCVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... May 14 is the 134th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (135th in leap years). ... 1970 (MCMLXX) was a common year starting on Thursday (the link is to a full 1970 calendar). ...

Action in the RAF and Arrest

In the next two years Meinhof participated in the various bank robberies and bombings executed by the group. She and other RAF members attempted to kidnap her children so they could be removed to Palestine and educated as she desired; however the twins were intercepted in Sicily and returned to their father, in part due the intervention of Stefan Aust. Red Army Faction Insignia - a Red Star and a Heckler & Koch MP5 The Red Army Faction (or Red Army Fraction; also commonly known as the Baader-Meinhof Group [or Gang]; in German: Rote Armee Fraktion or simply RAF), was postwar West Germanys most active and prominent left-wing terrorist... Stefan Aust (July 1, 1946 - ) is a German journalist and has been the editor-in-chief of the weekly news magazine Der Spiegel since 1994. ...

During this period, Meinhof wrote or recorded many of the manifestos and tracts for the RAF. The most significant of these is probably The Concept of the Urban Guerrilla, a response to an essay by Horst Mahler, that attempts to set out more correctly their prevailing ideology. It also included the first use of the moniker Rote Armee Fraktion and, in the publications of it, the first use of the RAF insignia.^[3] However her practical importance in the group was often overstated by the media, the most obvious example being the common moniker Baader-Meinhof gang for the RAF. (Gudrun Ensslin is often considered to have been the effective female co-leader of the group rather than Meinhof.) Screen shot of Horst Mahler Horst Mahler (born January 23, 1936), is a German lawyer and active member within both the Nationaldemokratische Partei Deutschlands (NPD) and the Deutsches Kolleg, an aggressively racist forum calling for a nationalist-racialist and socialist revolution in Germany. ...

On 14 June 1972 in Langenhagen, Fritz Rodewald, a teacher who had been providing accommodation to deserters from the U.S. Armed Forces, was approached by a stranger asking for an overnight house the next day for herself and a friend. He agreed but later became suspicious that the woman was involved with the RAF and eventually he decided to call the police. The next day the pair arrived at Rodewald's dwelling while the police observed. The man was followed to a nearby telephone box and was revealed to be an armed Gerhard Mueller. They then proceeded to arrest the woman – Ulrike Meinhof. June 14 is the 165th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (166th in leap years), with 200 days remaining. ... 1972 (MCMLXXII) was a leap year starting on Saturday. ... Langenhagen is a German city in the Hanover district of Lower Saxony. ... The military of the United States, officially known as the United States Armed Forces, is structured into five branches consisting of the: United States Army United States Navy United States Marine Corps United States Air Force United States Coast Guard; these comprise five of the seven United States Uniformed Services. ...

Imprisonment and Death

After two years of preliminary hearings, she was sentenced to 8 years imprisonment on 29 November 1974. Meanwhile the trial continued; it would have almost certainly resulted in a life sentence had it been concluded. November 29 is the 333rd (in leap years the 334th) day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1974 (MCMLXXIV) was a common year starting on Tuesday. ...

On 9 May 1976 she was found hanged by a rope fashioned from a towel in her cell in Stuttgart-Stammheim prison. It was decided that her death had been self-induced and this verdict of suicide was confirmed by a further enquiry. The latter discovered that she had become increasingly isolated from other RAF prisoners, notes exchanged between them including an insult of Gudrun Ensslin's describing her as 'too weakly'. The official findings were not accepted by many in the RAF^[4] and other militant organisations and there are still those who doubt their accuracy and believe that she was murdered by the authorities. In 2001, the findings of the inquiry were published under the title Der Tod Ulrike Meinhofs. Bericht der Internationalen Untersuchungskommission (ISBN 3-492-24058-5). May 9 is the 129th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (130th in leap years). ... 1976 (MCMLXXVI) was a leap year starting on Thursday. ... 2001 (MMI) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Her body was buried 6 days later in Berlin-Mariendorf however it was revealed in late 2002 following investigation by her daughter Bettina that her brain had been retained (apparently without permission) by a hospital in Magdeburg after the autopsy performed as part of the investigation in Meinhof's death. Following examination by Bernhard Bogerts, a psychiatrist from the local university, he postulates that some of her 'slide into terror' may have been the result of surgery in 1962 to remove a tumour.^[5] The brain was interred with Meinhof's body on 22 December 2002 on Bettina's request. Mariendorf is part of the Tempelhof district of Berlin, in the south-central of the city. ... For album titles with the same name, see 2002 (album). ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... 1962 (MCMLXII) was a common year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1962 calendar). ... December 22 is the 356th day of the year (357th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... For album titles with the same name, see 2002 (album). ...

Bibliography

Karl Wolff (right) with Benito Mussolini Karl Friedrich Otto Wolff (May 13, 1900 - July 17, 1984) was a high-ranking member of the Nazi SS. He held the rank of SS-ObergruppenfÃ¼hrer and General of the Waffen-SS. Wolff was born in Darmstadt, Germany and joined the German Army... 1964 (MCMLXIV) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1964 calendar). ... Karl Wolff (right) with Benito Mussolini Karl Friedrich Otto Wolff (May 13, 1900 - July 17, 1984) was a high-ranking member of the Nazi SS. He held the rank of SS-ObergruppenfÃ¼hrer and General of the Waffen-SS. Wolff was born in Darmstadt, Germany and joined the German Army... 1965 (MCMLXV) was a common year starting on Friday (the link is to a full 1965 calendar). ... Bambule is a term often used in German slang. ... 1971 (MCMLXXI) was a common year starting on Friday (the link is to a full 1971 calendar). ... For album titles with the same name, see 2002 (album). ... Bambule is a term often used in German slang. ...

Works of the RAF

1971 (MCMLXXI) was a common year starting on Friday (the link is to a full 1971 calendar). ... 1972 (MCMLXXII) was a leap year starting on Saturday. ... 1974 (MCMLXXIV) was a common year starting on Tuesday. ...

Posthumous Collections of Essays

1995 (MCMXCV) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Media and Literature

Meinhoff's life has been the subject or basis of several films and stage productions. Included in the former is Reinhard Hauff's 1986 account of the Stammheim trial and Margarethe von Trotta's 1981 Marianne and Juliane. Of the latter there has been the 1990 opera Ulrike Meinhof by Johann Kresnik and the 2006 play Ulrike Maria Stuart by Austrian playwright Elfriede Jelinek. Reinhard Hauff (born 23 May 1939) is a German film director. ... 1986 (MCMLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Stammheim is a 1986 West German film directed by Reinhard Hauff. ... Margarethe von Trotta (February 21, 1942, Berlin -) is a German film director and a member of New German Cinema. ... 1981 (MCMLXXXI) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Marianne and Juliane is a 1981 film by Margarethe von Trotta, set in the former West Germany. ... ... 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Elfriede Jelinek (born 20 October 1946) is an Austrian feminist playwright and novelist. ...

Many books have been written about the RAF and Meinhoff's transformation from journalist to terrorist has obviously been a source of great interest. Amongst these are Stefan Aust's Der Baader-Meinhof Komplex (1998, ISBN 3-442-12953-2) and Jillian Becker's Hitler's Children: The Story of the Baader-Meinhof Terrorist Gang (1998, ISBN 0-7881-5472-9). Stefan Aust (July 1, 1946 - ) is a German journalist and has been the editor-in-chief of the weekly news magazine Der Spiegel since 1994. ... 1998 (MCMXCVIII) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year of the Ocean. ... 1998 (MCMXCVIII) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year of the Ocean. ...

The East German punkrock band Aufbruch/Flexible ('Departure'/'Flexible') dedicated the song Für Ulrike to her.

External links

This article is about the German international broadcaster. ... March 14 is the 73rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (74th in leap years) with 292 days remaining in the year. ... 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Footnotes

Categories: German terrorists | Red Army Faction | People imprisoned for terrorism | Cause of death disputed | Criminals who committed suicide | Suicides by hanging | 1934 births | 1976 deaths May is the fifth month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar and one of seven Gregorian months with the length of 31 days. ... 1970 (MCMLXX) was a common year starting on Thursday (the link is to a full 1970 calendar). ... January 2 is the second day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD (or CE) era. ... January 2 is the second day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD (or CE) era. ... January 2 is the second day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD (or CE) era. ... The introduction of this article does not provide enough context for readers unfamiliar with the subject. ... November 5 is the 309th day of the year (310th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 56 days remaining. ... 1976 (MCMLXXVI) was a leap year starting on Thursday. ... January 2 is the second day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD (or CE) era. ... January 3 is the 3rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD (or CE) era. ... January 2 is the second day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD (or CE) era. ...

Contents

Early life GA_googleFillSlot("encyclopedia_square");