Ultrafiltration (UF) is a variety of membrane filtration in which hydrostatic pressure forces a liquid against a semipermeable membrane. Suspended solids and solutes of high molecular weight are retained, while water and low molecular weight solutes pass through the membrane. This separation process is used in industry and research for purifying and concentrating macromolecular (103 - 106Da) solutions, especially protein solutions. Ultrafiltration is not fundamentally different from reverse osmosis, microfiltration or nanofiltration, except in terms of the size of the molecules it retains. rgrewgergqwefqwewer Scheme of semipermeable membrane during hemodialysis, where red is blood, blue is the dialysing fluid, and yellow is the membrane. ... In chemistry and chemical engineering, a separation process is a process that transforms a mixture of substances into two or more compositionally-distinct products. ... The unified atomic mass unit (u), or Dalton (Da), is a small unit of mass used to express atomic and molecular masses. ... Reverse osmosis is the process of pushing a solution through a filter that traps the solute on one side and allows the pure solvent to be obtained from the other side. ... Microfiltration is a filtration process which removes contaminants from a fluid or gas by passage through a microporous membrane. ... Nanofiltration is a relatively recent membrane process used most often with low TDS waters such as surface water and fresh groundwater, with the purpose of softening (polyvalent cation removal) and removal of disinfection by-product precursors such as natural organic matter and synthetic organic matter [1] [2]. Nanofiltration is also...
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A device that performs ultrafiltration of blood, without requiring specialized nursing care or invasive central intravenous access, can reduce fluid overload in patients with congestive heart failure, according to a new study in the Dec. 6, 2005, issue of the Journal of the American College of Cardiology.
The ultrafiltration was performed with a device that has been approved by the federal Food and Drug Administration for use outside of intensive care units and without specialized nursing or central intravenous access.
Ultrafiltration was successful in 18 of the 20 patients in the group.
Ultrafiltration is not as fine a filtration process as nanofiltration, but it also does not require the same energy to perform the separation.
Ultrafiltration also uses a membrane that is partially permeable to perform the separation, but the membrane's pores are typically much larger than the membranes pores that are used in nanofiltration.
Ultrafiltration is most commonly used to separate a solution that has a mixture of some desirable components and some that are not desirable.
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