Scratch caused by ultrahard fullerite on diamond

Ultrahard fullerite (C₆₀) is a form of carbon found to be harder than diamond, and which can be used to create even harder materials, such as aggregated diamond nanorods. Download high resolution version (809x439, 41 KB)From http://www. ... Download high resolution version (809x439, 41 KB)From http://www. ... Jump to: navigation, search General Name, Symbol, Number carbon, C, 6 Chemical series nonmetals Group, Period, Block 14, 2, p Appearance black (graphite) colorless (diamond) Atomic mass 12. ... Jump to: navigation, search A scattering of round-brilliant cut diamonds shows off the many reflecting facets. ... Aggregated diamond nanorods, or ADNRs, are an allotrope of carbon believed to be the least compressible material known to man, as measured by its isothermal bulk modulus; aggregated diamond nanorods have a modulus of 491 gigapascals (GPa), while conventional diamond has a modulus of 442 GPa. ...

Specifically, it is a unique version of fullerene with three-dimensional polymer bonds. This should not be confused with P-SWNT fullerite, even though that material is also a polymerized version of fullerene. It has been shown 1 2 that ultrahard fullerite when testing diamond hardness with a scanning force microscope can scratch diamond. In turn, using more accurate measurements, these values are now known for diamond hardness. A Type IIa diamond (111) has a hardness value of 167±6 gigapascals (GPa) when scratched with an ultrahard fullerite tip. A Type IIa diamond (111) has a hardness value of 231±5 GPa when scratched with a diamond tip; this leads to hypothetically inflated values. Fullerene C540 Fullerenes are one of only four types of naturally occurring forms of carbon (the other three being diamond, graphite and ceraphite). ... Fullerites, or Polymerized Single Walled NanoTubules (P-SWNT) are very hard like diamond, but because the nanotubules intertwine they dont have the corresponding crystal lattice that makes it possible to cut diamonds neatly. ... In materials science, hardness is the characteristic of a solid material expressing its resistance to permanent deformation. ... The atomic force microscope (AFM) is a very powerful microscope invented by Binnig, Quate and Gerber in 1986. ... Jump to: navigation, search A scattering of round-brilliant cut diamonds shows off the many reflecting facets. ... Jump to: navigation, search A scattering of round-brilliant cut diamonds shows off the many reflecting facets. ... The gigapascal, symbol GPa is an SI unit of pressure. ...

Ultrahard fullerite has a hardness value of 310 GPa, though the actual value may range ±40 GPa, since testing done using an ultrahard fullerite tip on ultrahard fullerite will lead to, like diamond on diamond, distorted values. It is thought that beta carbon nitride will have a hardness value, if harder than diamond, less than that of ultrahard fullerite. A diagram of (β-C3N4) Beta carbon nitride (β-C3N4) is a theoretical material, derived from theories on crystalline structure. ...

C₆₀ has also been used to create an even harder material: aggregated diamond nanorods [1] Aggregated diamond nanorods, or ADNRs, are an allotrope of carbon believed to be the least compressible material known to man, as measured by its isothermal bulk modulus; aggregated diamond nanorods have a modulus of 491 gigapascals (GPa), while conventional diamond has a modulus of 442 GPa. ...