NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Umberto II of Italy

Umberto II, occasionally anglicized as Humbert II, (September 15, 1904, Racconigi, province of Cuneo - March 18, 1983, Geneva, Switzerland), the last King of Italy, nicknamed the King of May (Italian: Re di Maggio), was born the Prince of Piedmont. He was the third child of King Victor Emmanuel III of Italy and Elena Petrovich of Montenegro. He served as the last King of Italy for slightly over a month, from May 9, 1946 to June 12, 1946. He renounced the title of King of Albania, which was held by his father after Italy's invasion of the country and personally asked King Zog I for forgiveness for taking his throne. May 9 is the 129th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (130th in leap years). ... 1946 (MCMXLVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday. ... June 12 is the 163rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (164th in leap years), with 202 days remaining. ... 1946 (MCMXLVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday. ... September 15 is the 258th day of the year (259th in leap years). ... 1904 (MCMIV) was a leap year starting on a Friday (see link for calendar). ... Country Italy Region Piedmont Province Cuneo (CN) Mayor Adriano Tosello Elevation 260 m Area 48. ... Cuneo (Coni in Piedmontese), with a population of c. ... March 18 is the 77th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (78th in leap years). ... 1983 (MCMLXXXIII) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Hunters a cool hobo For other uses, see Geneva (disambiguation). ... Victor Emmanuel III (Italian: Vittorio Emanuele III; 11 November 1869 â€“ 28 December 1947) was King of Italy (29 July 1900 â€“ 9 May 1946), Emperor of Ethiopia (1936 - 1943) and King of Albania (1939 - 1943). ... Marie-JosÃ© Charlotte Sophie AmÃ©lie Henriette Gabrielle (August 4, 1906 - January 27, 2001) was born in Ostend, Belgium, the youngest child of Albert I. On January 30, 1930, she married Prince Umberto, who later became the King of Italy. ... Born in 1934, daughter of Umberto II of Italy and Marie-JosÃ© of Belgium. ... Victor Emmanuel, prince of Naples, or Vittorio Emanuele Alberto Carlo Teodoro Umberto Bonifacio Amedeo Damiano Bernardino Gennaro Maria de Savoie, born February 12, 1937, is the head of the house of Savoy. ... Maria Gabriella di Savoia (Naples, 24 February 1940) complete name Maria Gabriella Giuseppa Aldegonda Adelaide Daisy Ludovica Felicita Gennara, is daughter of the last King of Italy Umberto II and JosÃ©. Maria married to 12 Saint-Mesme February 1955 Robert Zellinger de Balkany (NATO to Iklod, 4 Hungary August 1931). ... Maria Beatrice Victoria Josephine of Savoy (December 6, 1792 - September 15, 1840) was the eldest daughter of Victor Emmanuel I of Sardinia and Maria Theresa, Archduchess of Austria-Este. ... Flag of Savoy This article is about the historical region of Savoy. ... Victor Emmanuel III (Italian: Vittorio Emanuele III; 11 November 1869 â€“ 28 December 1947) was King of Italy (29 July 1900 â€“ 9 May 1946), Emperor of Ethiopia (1936 - 1943) and King of Albania (1939 - 1943). ... Princess Jelena PetroviÄ‡-NjegoÅ¡ of Montenegro (1873 - 1953) was the daughter of King Nikola I PetroviÄ‡-NjegoÅ¡ of Montenegro and his wife, Milena VukotiÄ‡. Jelena was married to King Victor Emmanuel III of Italy They were married in 1896. ... September 15 is the 258th day of the year (259th in leap years). ... 1904 (MCMIV) was a leap year starting on a Friday (see link for calendar). ... Country Italy Region Piedmont Province Cuneo (CN) Mayor Adriano Tosello Elevation 260 m Area 48. ... Cuneo is a province in the Piedmont region of Italy. ... March 18 is the 77th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (78th in leap years). ... 1983 (MCMLXXXIII) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Hunters a cool hobo For other uses, see Geneva (disambiguation). ... King of Italy is a title adopted by many rulers after the fall of the Roman Empire. ... Piedmont is a region of northwestern Italy. ... Victor Emmanuel III (Italian: Vittorio Emanuele III; 11 November 1869 â€“ 28 December 1947) was King of Italy (29 July 1900 â€“ 9 May 1946), Emperor of Ethiopia (1936 - 1943) and King of Albania (1939 - 1943). ... Princess Jelena PetroviÄ‡-NjegoÅ¡ of Montenegro (1873 - 1953) was the daughter of King Nikola I PetroviÄ‡-NjegoÅ¡ of Montenegro and his wife, Milena VukotiÄ‡. Jelena was married to King Victor Emmanuel III of Italy They were married in 1896. ... May 9 is the 129th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (130th in leap years). ... 1946 (MCMXLVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday. ... June 12 is the 163rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (164th in leap years), with 202 days remaining. ... 1946 (MCMXLVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday. ... The modern state Albania has twice been a monarchy. ... King Zog of Albania King Zog (October 8, 1895–April 9, 1961) was an Albanian politician and the first king of Albania from 1928 to 1939. ...

He was married in Rome on January 8, 1930 to Marie José of Belgium (August 4, 1906 - January 27, 2001). His children included: Nickname: The Eternal City Motto: SPQR: Senatus PopulusQue Romanus Location of the city of Rome (yellow) within the Province of Rome (red) and region of Lazio (grey) Coordinates: Region Lazio Province Province of Rome Founded 21 April 753 BC - Mayor Walter Veltroni Area - City 1285 kmÂ² (580 sq mi) - Urban... January 8 is the 8th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1930 (MCMXXX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link is to a full 1930 calendar). ... Marie-JosÃ© Charlotte Sophie AmÃ©lie Henriette Gabrielle (August 4, 1906 - January 27, 2001) was born in Ostend, Belgium, the youngest child of Albert I. On January 30, 1930, she married Prince Umberto, who later became the King of Italy. ... August 4 is the 216th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (217th in leap years), with 149 days remaining. ... 1906 (MCMVI) was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... January 27 is the 27th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2001 (MMI) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Born in 1934, daughter of Umberto II of Italy and Marie-JosÃ© of Belgium. ... 1934 (MCMXXXIV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... Victor Emmanuel, prince of Naples, or Vittorio Emanuele Alberto Carlo Teodoro Umberto Bonifacio Amedeo Damiano Bernardino Gennaro Maria de Savoie, born February 12, 1937, is the head of the house of Savoy. ... Year 1937 (MCMXXXVII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ... Maria Gabriella di Savoia (Naples, 24 February 1940) complete name Maria Gabriella Giuseppa Aldegonda Adelaide Daisy Ludovica Felicita Gennara, is daughter of the last King of Italy Umberto II and JosÃ©. Maria married to 12 Saint-Mesme February 1955 Robert Zellinger de Balkany (NATO to Iklod, 4 Hungary August 1931). ... 1940 (MCMXL) was a leap year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1940 calendar). ... Maria Beatrice Victoria Josephine of Savoy (December 6, 1792 - September 15, 1840) was the eldest daughter of Victor Emmanuel I of Sardinia and Maria Theresa, Archduchess of Austria-Este. ... 1943 (MCMXLIII) was a common year starting on Friday (the link is to a full 1943 calendar). ...

Prince of Piedmont

The Prince of Piedmont was educated to a military career and in time became the commander in chief of the Northern Armies, and then of the Southern ones. However his role was merely formal, the concrete command belonging to Mussolini. By mutual agreement Umberto and Mussolini always kept at distance. It has been conjectured that Mussolini had collected a secret dossier on Umberto, but this folder (which is said to have been found after the dictator was shot), was never seen. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Benito Mussolini created a fascist state through the use of propaganda, total control of the media and disassembly of the working democratic government. ...

Following the Savoyards' tradition ("Only one Savoy reigns at a time"), he kept apart from active politics until he was finally named the Lieutenant. Only in one case, while he was in Germany for a royal wedding, did he make an exception, Hitler asked for a meeting. This action was not considered proper, given the international situation, and Umberto was later even more severely banned from political events. Adolf Hitler Adolf Hitler (April 20, 1889 – April 30, 1945, standard German pronunciation in the IPA) was the Führer (leader) of the National Socialist German Workers Party (Nazi Party) and of Nazi Germany from 1933 to 1945. ...

In 1943, the Crown Princess Maria José, the daughter of King Albert I of Belgium, was involved in vain attempts to arrange a separate peace treaty between Italy and the United States, and her interlocutor from the Vatican was Monsignor Giovanni Battista Montini, a senior diplomat who later became Pope Paul VI. Her attempts were not sponsored by the king and Umberto was not (directly, at least) involved in them. After her failure (she never met the American agents), she was sent with her children to Sarre, in Aosta Valley, and isolated from the political life of the Royal House. The House of Savoy or in Italian, La Casa di Savoia, or simply Casa Savoia, (or Savoie, French) is a dynasty of nobles who traditionally had their domain in Savoy, a region that includes present-day Piemonte, other parts of Northern Italy, and a smaller region in France. ... Image File history File links CoA_fam_ITA_savoia. ... Victor Emmanuel II, King of Italy (Italian: Vittorio Emanuele II; March 14, 1820 â€“ January 9, 1878) was the King of Piedmont, Savoy and Sardinia from 1849â€“1861. ... Portrait of Prince Napoleon by Jean-Hippolyte Flandrin in 1860 NapolÃ©on Joseph Charles Paul, Prince Napoleon (Trieste, Italy, September 9, 1822 â€“ March 17, 1891, Rome, Italy) was the son of Jerome Bonaparte and Catharina of WÃ¼rttemberg. ... Umberto I, King of Italy or Humbert I of Italy (Umberto Ranieri Carlo Emanuele Giovanni Maria Ferdinando Eugenio di Savoy), (14 March 1844 â€“ 29 July 1900) was the King of Italy from 9 January 1878 until his death. ... Amadeo I (Italian Amedeo, sometimes Latinized as Amadeus) (May 30, 1845 â€“ January 18, 1890) was the 1st Duke of Aosta and King of Spain Biography Amadeo dAosta was born in Turin, Italy. ... Daughter of Victor Emmanuel II of Italy married to Louis of Portugal Category: ... December 2 is the 336th day (337th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1848 (MDCCCXLVIII) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a leap year starting on Monday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... March 16 is the 75th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (76th in leap years). ... 1851 (MDCCCLI) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Friday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Prince Emanuele Filiberto, 2nd Duke of Aosta (13 January 1869 â€“ July 4, 1931) was the eldest son of Amadeo I of Spain and a cousin of Victor Emmanuel III of Italy. ... Vittorio Emanuele, Count of Turin (Comte di Turino) was a Grandchild of King Victor Emmanuel II and a child of Amadeo of Spain. ... Luigi Amedeo, Duke of the Abruzzi (Luigi Amedeo Giuseppe Maria Ferdinando Francesco) (January 29, 1873 â€“ March 18, 1933), better known as Luigi Amedeo, Duke of the Abruzzi (Italian: Duca degli Abruzzi) was an Italian mountaineer and explorer who made the first ascent of Mount Saint Elias (Alaska-Yukon) in 1897... Amadeo di Savoia (October 21, 1898 - March 3, 1942) was the third Duke of Aosta and a cousin of the Italian king, Victor Emmanuel III. His baptismal name was Amadeo Umberto Isabella Luigi Filippo Maria Giuseppe Giovanni di Savoia. ... Prince Aimone Roberto Margherita Maria Giuseppe di Torino (9 March 1900 - 29 January 1948) , later King Tomislav II of Croatia and the 4th Duke of Aosta was a member of House of Savoy. ... Her Royal Highness Princess Margherita Isabella Maria Vittoria Emanuella Elena Gennara of Savoy-Aosta was born on April 7, 1930 in Naples, Italy as the first child of HRH Prince Amedeo of Savoy-Aosta and HRH Princess Anne dOrlÃ©ans. ... Prince Amedeo Umberto Constantino Giorgio Paolo Elena Maria Fiorenzo of Savoy, (born 27 September 1943) is one of several claimants to the headship of the House of Savoy, the family which ruled Italy from 1861 to 1946. ... Prince Aimone Umberto Emanuele Filiberto Luigi Amadeo Gustavo Elena Maria Fiorenzo of Savoy, (born 13 October 1967) is the second child and only son of Amedeo, 5th Duke of Aosta and his former wife, Princess Claude of OrlÃ©ans. ... Umberto I, King of Italy or Humbert I of Italy (Umberto Ranieri Carlo Emanuele Giovanni Maria Ferdinando Eugenio di Savoy), (14 March 1844 â€“ 29 July 1900) was the King of Italy from 9 January 1878 until his death. ... Victor Emmanuel III (Italian: Vittorio Emanuele III; 11 November 1869 â€“ 28 December 1947) was King of Italy (29 July 1900 â€“ 9 May 1946), Emperor of Ethiopia (1936 - 1943) and King of Albania (1939 - 1943). ... Victor Emmanuel III (Italian: Vittorio Emanuele III; 11 November 1869 â€“ 28 December 1947) was King of Italy (29 July 1900 â€“ 9 May 1946), Emperor of Ethiopia (1936 - 1943) and King of Albania (1939 - 1943). ... Princess Yolanda Margherita Milena Elisabetta Romana Maria of Savoy (Italian: Principessa Iolanda Margherita Milena Elisabetta Romana Maria di Savoia) (June 1, 1901 - October 16, 1986) was the eldest daughter of King Victor Emmanuel III of Italy and his wife Princess Elena of Montenegro, and the sister of the last king... Princess Mafalda of Italy Princess Mafalda Maria Elisabetta Anna Romana of Savoy (November 2, 1902, Rome â€“ August 27, 1944, Buchenwald) was the second child of King Victor Emmanuel III of Italy and of his wife Princess Elena Petrovich of Montenegro. ... Tsaritsa Ioanna of Bulgaria, (13 November 1907 - 26 February 2000) was born Princess Giovanna of Savoy and was the last Tsaritsa of Bulgaria. ... Maria Francesca di Savoia (Rome, 26 Decembers 1914 - Mandelieu, France, 7 Decembers 2000) complete name Francesca Maria Roman Anna, is daughter of the King of Italy Vittorio Emanuele III and of Queen Elena. ... Born in 1934, daughter of Umberto II of Italy and Marie-JosÃ© of Belgium. ... Victor Emmanuel, prince of Naples, or Vittorio Emanuele Alberto Carlo Teodoro Umberto Bonifacio Amedeo Damiano Bernardino Gennaro Maria de Savoie, born February 12, 1937, is the head of the house of Savoy. ... Maria Gabriella di Savoia (Naples, 24 February 1940) complete name Maria Gabriella Giuseppa Aldegonda Adelaide Daisy Ludovica Felicita Gennara, is daughter of the last King of Italy Umberto II and JosÃ©. Maria married to 12 Saint-Mesme February 1955 Robert Zellinger de Balkany (NATO to Iklod, 4 Hungary August 1931). ... Maria Beatrice Victoria Josephine of Savoy (December 6, 1792 - September 15, 1840) was the eldest daughter of Victor Emmanuel I of Sardinia and Maria Theresa, Archduchess of Austria-Este. ... Prince Emanuele Filiberto of Savoy (June 22, 1972 - ), a member of the House of Savoy and titular Prince of Venice and Piedmont, is the second-in-line to the abolished throne of Italy. ... Princess Vittoria is the daughter of Emanuele Filiberto di Savoia. ... Princess Luisa of Savoy (Luisa Giovanna Agata Gavina Bianca Maria di Savoia, born August 16, 2006, Geneva, Switzerland) is the second child and daughter of Emanuele Filiberto, Prince of Venice and Piedmont and Clotide Courau. ... 1943 (MCMXLIII) was a common year starting on Friday (the link is to a full 1943 calendar). ... Albert I (April 8, 1875 â€“ February 17, 1934) was the third King of the Belgians. ... This article does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Sarre is a town and comune in the Aosta Valley region of north-western Italy. ... The Aosta Valley (in Italian: Valle dAosta, French: Val dAoste or rarely VallÃ©e dAoste, Arpitan: Val dOuta) is a mountainous Region in north-western Italy. ...

Following the overthrow of Benito Mussolini in 1943, King Victor Emmanuel handed over his constitutional functions to Umberto, who was made Lieutenant General of the Realm, and left Italy for Egypt. Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini (July 29, 1883 â€“ April 28, 1945) was the prime minister and dictator of Italy from 1922 until 1943, when he was overthrown. ... 1943 (MCMXLIII) was a common year starting on Friday (the link is to a full 1943 calendar). ... Victor Emmanuel III (Italian: Vittorio Emanuele III; 11 November 1869 â€“ 28 December 1947) was King of Italy (29 July 1900 â€“ 9 May 1946), Emperor of Ethiopia (1936 - 1943) and King of Albania (1939 - 1943). ... The Italian word Luogotenente, plural luogotenenti, is an etymological parallel to lieutenant, deriving from the Latin locum tenens holding a place, i. ...

King of Italy

Umberto earned for himself widespread praise for his role in the following three years. Some believe that had Victor Emmanuel III handed over the throne in 1943, the monarchy would have won the 1946 referendum on its survival. Victor Emmanuel's failure to do so proved to be one of his many major misjudgments. Victor Emmanuel III (Italian: Vittorio Emanuele III; 11 November 1869 â€“ 28 December 1947) was King of Italy (29 July 1900 â€“ 9 May 1946), Emperor of Ethiopia (1936 - 1943) and King of Albania (1939 - 1943). ...

Many Italian monarchists expressed doubts about the correctness of the referendum, claiming that millions of voters, many of them pro-monarchist, were unable to vote because they had not yet been able to return to their own local areas to register. Nor had the issue of Italy's borders, and so the voting rights of those in disputed areas, been satisfactorily clarified. Other allegations too have been made about voter manipulation, while even the issue of how to interpret the votes became controversial, as it appeared that not just a majority of those validly voting but of those votes cast (including spoiled votes), was needed to reach an outcome in the event the monarchy lost by a tight margin.

Umberto had by the time of the referendum become king, Victor Emmanuel having reluctantly and belatedly abdicated a few weeks before. Umberto served as king for 33 days. The monarchy formally ended on June 12, 1946 and Umberto became a king in exile, leaving Italy forever. Prime Minister Alcide De Gasperi assumed office as Italy's interim Head of State. Alcide De Gasperi (3 April 1881 â€“ 19 August 1954) was an Italian statesman and politician. ...

In exile

Umberto and Maria José separated in exile; it was indeed an arranged marriage, following a long tradition of royal families, even if some observers alleged that she was really fascinated by her husband, an elegant tombeur de femmes. However, Umberto's sexual interests lay elsewhere, he was a playboy of 'peculiar tastes' (in the words of one royal website) or had an 'inability to distinguish between the sexes' (as another royal biographer put it - a reference to the former king's rumored bisexuality). This knowledge was used by foreign governments hostile to the Savoyard monarchy's survival to ensure the Vatican's opposition to the monarchical cause in the 1946 referendum. Pope Pius XII atoned for this 'failure' by refusing to meet the elected presidents of Italy during his lifetime. Pope John XXIII reversed this policy on his election. An arranged marriage is a marriage that is established before involving oneself in a lengthy relationship, and often involves the arrangement of someone else other than the person getting married. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Pope Pius XII (Latin: ), born Eugenio Maria Giuseppe Giovanni Pacelli (March 2, 1876 â€“ October 9, 1958), reigned as the 260th pope, the head of the Roman Catholic Church and sovereign of Vatican City State, from March 2, 1939 until his death. ... Blessed Pope John XXIII (Latin: ), (Italian: Giovanni XXIII), born Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli (November 25, 1881 â€“ June 3, 1963), was elected as the 261st Pope of the Catholic Church and sovereign of Vatican City on October 28, 1958. ...

King Umberto lived for 35 years in exile, first in Switzerland and later in Portugal, a popular old gentleman, nicknamed 'Europe's grandfather', at many of Europe's royal weddings. While during Umberto's lifetime the 1947 constitution of the Italian Republic barred all male heirs to the defunct Italian throne from setting foot on Italian soil again, female members of the Savoy family were not barred, but out of respect for Umberto and his son, Crown Prince Victor Emmanuel, Maria José and her daughters declined to return to their native land, the exiled queen making her first return to her late husband's kingdom only in the 1980s. When it was revealed that the exiled king was terminally ill, President Sandro Pertini, who as a young republican firebrand had played a leading role on the republican side in campaigning against the monarchy and Umberto, urged the Italian Parliament to amend the constitution to let the King return to die in his homeland. However, before this could happen, Umberto died. The funeral for the last King of Italy was held in Savoy, but no member of the Italian Government attended. Looking back later, former Prime Minister Andreotti believed their absence a mistake and disrespectful to a decent and honourable man, who in different circumstances could have made a fine Italian king. But by the time he inherited the throne, the monarchy, through its association with Mussolini and fascism, had been fatally undermined. The 980-year reign of the Savoyards in various duchies and kingdoms, first in Northern Italy, then over the whole peninsula, had come to an end. Alessandro (Sandro) Pertini (September 25, 1896 - February 24, 1990) was an Italian politician and arguably the most popular President of Italy ever, along with Carlo Azeglio Ciampi. ...

Contents

Prince of Piedmont

King of Italy

In exile

See also

External links

Additional reading

Contents

Prince of Piedmont GA_googleFillSlot("encyclopedia_square");

King of Italy

In exile

See also

External links

Additional reading

Prince of Piedmont