An umbrella term is a word that provides a superset or grouping of related concepts, also called a hypernym. Thus cryptology is an umbrella term that encompasses cryptography and cryptanalysis. Similarly, an "umbrella group" can be an organization which is a central and coordinating body representing a number of smaller, separate bodies. “Parasol” redirects here. ... A is a subset of B, and B is a superset of A. In mathematics, especially in set theory, a set A is a subset of a set B, if A is contained inside B. The relationship of one set being a subset of another is called inclusion. ... A hypernym (in Greek υπερνύμιον, literally meaning extra name) is a word whose extension includes the extension of the word of which it is a hypernym. ... Cryptology is an umbrella term for cryptography and cryptanalysis. ... The German Lorenz cipher machine, used in World War II for encryption of very high-level general staff messages Cryptography (or cryptology; derived from Greek κρυπτός kryptós hidden, and the verb γράφω gráfo write) is the study of message secrecy. ... Cryptanalysis (from the Greek kryptós, hidden, and analýein, to loosen or to untie) is the study of methods for obtaining the meaning of encrypted information, without access to the secret information which is normally required to do so. ...

Examples in archaeology/anthropology

• Grave goods
• Venus figurines: (They extend over diverse time periods.)
• Votive deposit: (They are 'essentially' in every human culture/"tribe".)

In archaeology and anthropology grave goods are the items interred along with the body. ... External links Venus figures from the Stone Age Images of women in ancient art http://perso. ... An icon of Aghia Paraskevi with votive offerings hung beside it. ...

Examples in earth sciences

• Punctuated equilibrium: Created 1972 in the category of Evolution, or Speciation, etc., but could obviously be applied to other "topics". Definition: (See Wiki page: Punctuated equilibrium contrasted against, Gradualism.)

Punctuated equilibrium (or punctuated equilibria) is a theory in evolutionary biology which states that most sexually reproducing species will show little to no evolutionary change throughout their history. ... 1972 (MCMLXXII) was a leap year starting on Saturday. ... This article is about evolution in biology. ... Charles Darwins first sketch of an evolutionary tree from his First Notebook on Transmutation of Species (1837) Speciation is the evolutionary process by which new biological species arise. ... Punctuated equilibrium (or punctuated equilibria) is a theory in evolutionary biology which states that most sexually reproducing species will show little to no evolutionary change throughout their history. ... Gradualism, in biology, holds that evolution occurs through the accumulation of slight modifications over a period of generations. ...

Other examples

• Straw man (Two dictionary definitions)
• Psychokinesis (numerous psychic force abilities described under this term)

A straw man argument is a logical fallacy based on misrepresentation of an opponents position. ... Psychokinesis (Greek ψυχή + κίνησις, literally spirit-movement)[1][2] or PK, also known as telekinesis[3] (Greek + , literally distant-movement referring to telekinesis) or TK, is the proposed paranormal ability of the mind to influence matter or energy without the use of any currently known type of physical means. ...

References

• Editors of Random House. Random House Webster's College Dictionary, Eds. of Random House, (Random House, New York), c 1992,1991. With various: Indices, Tables, Guides, etc., 1568 pgs.

Other umbrella terms

• Umbrella brand
• Umbrella fund
• Umbrella organization
• Umbrella school