The Underground Electric Railways Company of London Limited (UERL) was the holding company, for three of the new deep-level "tube" underground railway lines constructed in London in the first decade of the 20th century. It was established in 1902 by American financier Charles Yerkes who had been profitably involved in the development of the public transport system of Chicago. A holding company is a company that owns enough voting stock in another firm to control management and operations by influencing or electing its board of directors. ... The London Underground is an all-electric railway system that covers much of Greater London and some neighbouring areas. ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... (19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s As a means of recording the passage of time, the 20th century was that century which lasted from 1901–2000 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar (1900–1999... 1902 (MCMII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Charles Tyson Yerkes (June 25, 1837 – December 29, 1905) was an American financier, born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. ... Skytrain Bangkok. ... Nickname: The Windy City, The Second City, Chi Town, City of the Big Shoulders, The 312, The City that Works Motto: Urbs In Horto (Latin: City in a Garden), I Will Location in Chicagoland and Illinois Coordinates: Country United States State Illinois County Cook & DuPage Incorporated March 4, 1837 Government...

History

The first such deep-level railway, the City & South London Railway (C&SLR) had opened in 1890 and its success had resulted in spate of proposals to Parliament for other deep-level routes under the capital. However, by 1901 few of these railway companies had actually made a start on construction due to financing problems. In 1901 and 1902, Yerkes purchased the struggling Metropolitan District Railway (MDR) - now the District Line - and four of these embryonic companies and proceeded quickly to begin construction work. The City & South London Railway (C&SLR), originally known as City of London & Southwark Subway, is considered to be the first real deep-level tube railway in the world. ... 1890 (MDCCCXC) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar). ... A parliament is a legislature, especially in those countries whose system of government is based on the Westminster system modelled after that of the United Kingdom. ... 1901 (MCMI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... 1901 (MCMI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... 1902 (MCMII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... This is a historical article. ... The District Line is a line of the London Underground, coloured green on the Tube map. ...

The three lines built were:

• Charing Cross, Euston & Hampstead Railway (CCE&HR), now part of the Northern Line
• Baker Street & Waterloo Railway (BS&WR), now part of the Bakerloo Line
• Great Northern, Piccadilly & Brompton Railway (GNP&BR), now part of the Piccadilly Line, formed from the:
  • Great Northern & Strand Railway (GN&SR)
  • Brompton & Piccadilly Circus Railway (B&PCR)
  • A planned but not built deep-level extension of the MDR

The BS&WR and GNP&BR both opened in 1906 and the CCE&HR opened in 1907. Informally, the UER lines became known as the "Yerkes tube". The Charing Cross, Euston and Hampstead Railway (CCE&HR), was a deep-level tube railway constructed in London by the Underground Electric Railways Company of London Limited. ... For other uses, see Northern Line (disambiguation). ... The Bakerloo Line is a line of the London Underground and coloured brown on the Tube map. ... The Piccadilly Line is a line of the London Underground, coloured dark blue on the Tube map. ... 1906 (MCMVI) was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 1907 (MCMVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ...

Although the four railway lines were in common ownership under the UERL and shared directors, technology and, in the case of the three new lines, architectural style; they were not initially one company. Combined branding as the "Underground Group" and shared ticketing arrangements between the lines enabled the UER to develop a dominant position in relationship to London's other underground railways of the time and in 1910 the UERL's lines formally merged as the London Electric Railway Company (LER). This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... 1910 (MCMX) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Sunday of the 13-day slower Julian calendar. ...

In 1913 the LER was enlarged by the acquisition of the C&SLR and the Central London Railway (CLR), thereby bringing all but three of London's underground lines at that time into common ownership under the Underground Group brand. Year 1913 (MCMXIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar). ... Tube Portal The Central Line is a line of the London Underground and coloured red on the tube map. ...

In the years after World War I the LER's lines saw greater integration and a series of improvements in rolling stock, station developments and extensions of lines to new areas away from the centre of London (see articles of individual lines for details). Combatants Allied Powers: Russian Empire France British Empire Italy United States Central Powers: Austria-Hungary German Empire Ottoman Empire Bulgaria Commanders Nikolay II Aleksey Brusilov Georges Clemenceau Joseph Joffre Ferdinand Foch Robert Nivelle Herbert H. Asquith D. Lloyd George Sir Douglas Haig Sir John Jellicoe Victor Emmanuel III Luigi Cadorna...

Road Passenger Services

The Underground Group also gained control over the majority of road passenger services in London. Having secured coordination of fares with the main bus companies in December 1907, LER acquired control of the London General Omnibus Company on January 1, 1912. A year later the London and Suburban Traction Company (LSTC), jointly owned by LER and British Electric Traction took over the London United Tramways and Metropolitan Electric Tramways companies. Six months later LSTC acquired the other privately operated tram company in London, South Metropolitan Electric Tramways. 1907 (MCMVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... London General is both a modern bus operating company and, as the London General Omnibus Company or LGOC, a very significant name in the history of transport of London, England. ... January 1 is the first day of the calendar year in both the Julian and Gregorian calendars. ... 1912 (MCMXII) was a leap year starting on Monday in the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Tuesday in the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... British Electric Traction Company, PLC, was a leading manufacturer and operator of electric railway tram systems in England during the late 19th century and early 20th century. ... London United Tramways Company Limited was an operator of trams and trolleybuses in the western and southern suburbs of London from 1894 to 1933, when it passed to the London Passenger Transport Board. ... The Metropolitan Electric Tramways Company Limited operated electric tram services in suburban areas of Middlesex and Hertfordshire from 1904 to 1933, when its services passed to the London Passenger Transport Board. ...

Public Control

In 1933 the assets of the Underground Group, along with those of the Great Northern & City Railway (GN&CR) and the Metropolitan Railway (MR) were transferred to the newly-created statutory corporation, the London Passenger Transport Board. Year 1933 (MCMXXXIII) was a common year starting on Sunday. ... The Northern City Line is a former name for the railway line from Moorgate to Finsbury Park in London, once part of the Great Northern Electrics line. ... This is a historical article. ... A Statutory Corporation is a corporation created by statute. ... The transport of London has, since 1933, been under a single control with various names. ...

Equipment and rolling stock

The MDR had begun electrification works in 1900 to replace steam engine operation and the electrical equipment used on the new lines was on the same general principle as that already adopted for the MDR: third and fourth rail. Eventually, the system would become standard for the whole of the London Underground. Electrification refers to changing a thing or system to operate using electricity. ... Year 1900 (MCM) was an exceptional common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar, but a leap year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar. ... // The term steam engine may also refer to an entire railroad steam locomotive. ... Third rail at the West Falls Church Metro stop in the Washington, D.C. area, electrified to 750 volts. ...

Like its chief director, Engineer-in-Chief and General Manager of the company was an American, James Russell Chapman, and much of the equipment used on the lines was imported from the United States. Specially-designed passenger rolling stock was required and because of the original American influence, these have been termed "cars" on the London Underground rather the more usual British term "carriages".

Lifts were supplied by the Otis Elevator Company of New York. The first railway escalator came into use on 4 October 1911 at Earl's Court between the Piccadilly and District Lines. To encourage frightened passengers to use the unseen before escalator, the company hired a well known local homeless street man with a wooden leg to ride up and down it all day! This article is about the transportation device. ... The Otis Elevator Company is the worlds largest manufacturer of vertical transportation systems, principally elevators and escalators. ... NY redirects here. ... Escalators at Canary Wharf, London. ... October 4 is the 277th day of the year (278th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1911 (MCMXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar). ... Earls Court tube station is a London Underground station in Earls Court (note the inconsistency of spelling between the tube station and the above-ground area). ...

The lines shared a power station at Lots Road in Chelsea, which later served the London Underground as a whole until the beginning of the 21st century when its increasingly obsolete equipment lead to its closure. Oil power plant in Iraq A power station or power plant is a facility for the generation of electric power. ... Lots Road Power Station, viewed from the River Thames Lots Road Power Station was a coal-fired power station adjacent to the River Thames in Lots Road near Victoria railway station in London, England which supplied electric power to the London Underground system. ... Statue of Thomas More on Cheyne Walk. ... The 21st century is the present century of the Anno Domini (common) era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. ...

See also

Leslie Green - Architect of stations on the Underground Electric Railways Company's lines Baker Street & Waterloo Railway station building at Oxford Circus showing typical glazed terra cotta façade and commercial development above Leslie Green was an English architect known for his design of iconic stations constructed on the London Underground railway system in central London during the first decade of the 20th... This article includes a list of works cited but its sources remain unclear because it lacks in-text citations. ...