The flag of the Union Movement showing the "Flash and Circle" symbolic of "action within unity", carried on from the British Union of Fascists

This article is part of the Neo-fascism series. This series is linked to the Politics and Elections series Image File history File links Please see the file description page for further information. ... Image File history File links Please see the file description page for further information. ... The flag of the British Union of Fascists The Flash and Circle is the best known symbol of the British Union of Fascists. ... The flag of the British Union of Fascists showing the Flash and Circle symbolic of action within unity The British Union of Fascists (BUF) was a political party of the 1930s in the United Kingdom. ... This page pertains to fascism after World War II. For post-World War II Nazi movements, see Neo-Nazism. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... The Politics series Politics Portal This box:      Politics is the process by which groups of people make decisions. ...

Definition Definitions of fascism What constitutes a definition of fascism and fascist governments is a highly disputed subject that has proved complicated and contentious. ... Varieties of Neo-fascism Neo-Nazism Neo-Nazi groups of the United States The terms Neo-Nazism and Neo-Fascism refer to any social or political movement to revive Nazism or Fascism, respectively, and postdates the Second World War. ... There have been a number of neo-Nazi groups in the United States. ... Origins of Neo-fascism Nazism Clerical fascism National Socialism redirects here. ... Clerical fascism is an ideological construct that combines the political and economic doctrines of fascism with theology or religious tradition. ... Neo-Nazi political parties and movements American Nazi Party Aryan Nations British Movement British National Front Creativity Movement Deutsche Reichspartei Hrisi Avgi (Greece) International Third Position Italian Social Movement National Alliance National Renaissance Party National Social Front National Socialist Front National Socialist Japanese Workers and Welfare Party National Socialist Movement (United States) National Socialist Party of America Noua Dreaptă (Romania) November 9th Society Official National Front Russian National Unity Social Action Socialist Reich Party Union Movement World Union of National Socialists This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Aryan Nations (AN) is an international anti-Semitic white supremacist, Neo-Nazi organization. ... The British Movement was a British neo-Nazi group. ... 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Joseph Stalin Stalinism is the political and economic system named after Joseph Stalin, who implemented it in the Soviet Union. ... Strasserism refers to the strand of neo-Nazism that calls for socialism to be initiated alongside nationalism. ... International Third Position was a group formed by Nick Griffin and Derek Holland as a continuation of the Political Soldier movement. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... White Power is an ideology and a political slogan describing the views of white supremacists. ...

Fascism Portal Politics Portal ·  v • d • e

The Union Movement was a political party founded in Britain by Oswald Mosley. Where Mosely had previously been associated with a peculiarly British form of fascism, the Union Movement attempted to redefine the concept by stressing the importance of European unity rather than narrower country-based nationalisms. The UM has therefore, been characterized as an attempt by Mosley to start again in his political life by embracing more democratic and international policies than he had previously been associated with. ^[1] Political parties Part of the Politics series Politics Portal This box:      A political party is a political organization that seeks to attain political power within a government, usually by participating in electoral campaigns. ... Sir Oswald Ernald Mosley, 6th Baronet (November 16, 1896 – December 3, 1980), was a British politician known principally as the founder of the British Union of Fascists. ... This article needs additional references or sources to facilitate its verification. ... World map showing the location of Europe. ... This article needs additional references or sources to facilitate its verification. ... Democracy (literally rule by the people, from the Greek demos, people, and kratos, rule[1]) is a [[List of forms of government|form of government]. While the term democracy is typically used in the context of a political state, the principles are also applicable to other groups and organizations. ...

Mosley's post-War activity

Having been the leader of the British Union of Fascists (BUF) before the Second World War, it was expected that Mosley would return to lead the far right afterwards. However Mosley initially remained out of the post-War political arena, instead turning to writing, publishing his first work, My Answer (1946), in which he argued that he had been a patriot who had been unjustly punished by his internment under Defence Regulation 18B. In this and his 1947 follow up, The Alternative, Mosley began to argue for a much closer integration between the states of Europe, the beginning of his 'Europe a Nation' campaign that sought a strong united Europe as a counterbalance to the growing power of the US and USSR. The flag of the British Union of Fascists showing the Flash and Circle symbolic of action within unity The British Union of Fascists (BUF) was a political party of the 1930s in the United Kingdom. ... Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into far right. ... 1946 (MCMXLVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday. ... This article or section may contain original research or unverified claims. ... Defence Regulation 18B was the most famous of the Defence Regulations used by the British Government during World War II. It allowed for the internment of people suspected of being Nazi sympathisers. ... 1947 (MCMXLVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1947 calendar). ... World map showing the location of Europe. ... Europe a Nation was a policy developed by British politician Oswald Mosley as the cornerstone of his Union Movement. ... Motto: (Out Of Many, One) (traditional) In God We Trust (1956 to date) Anthem: The Star-Spangled Banner Capital Washington D.C. Largest city New York City None at federal level (English de facto) Government Federal constitutional republic  - President George Walker Bush (R)  - Vice President Dick Cheney (R) Independence from...

Europe a Nation

Mosley detected a linear growth within British history and he saw Europe a Nation as the culmination of this destiny. Therefore he argued that it was "part of an organic process of British history" with the UK having grown from the old Anglo-Saxon kingdoms into England, then England and Wales, then Scotland and Ireland added and it now further expanding to form a united Europe.^[2] Europe a Nation was a policy developed by British politician Oswald Mosley as the cornerstone of his Union Movement. ... The famous parade helmet found at Sutton Hoo, probably belonging to King Raedwald of East Anglia circa 625. ... Motto (French) God and my right Anthem God Save the King (Queen) England() – on the European continent() – in the United Kingdom() Capital (and largest city) London (de facto) Official languages English (de facto) Unified  -  by Athelstan 967 AD  Area  -  Total 130,395 km²  50,346 sq mi  Population  -  2006 estimate... This article is about the country. ... Motto (Latin) No one provokes me with impunity Cha togar mfhearg gun dioladh (Scottish Gaelic)1 Wha daur meddle wi me?(Scots)1 Anthem (Multiple unofficial anthems) Scotlands location in Europe Capital Edinburgh Largest city Glasgow Official languages English, Gaelic, Scots Government Constitutional monarchy  -  Queen Queen Elizabeth II... World map showing the location of Europe. ...

He further envisaged a three-tiered system of government headed by an elected European government to organise defence and the corporatist economy, the continuation of national governments and a collection of local governments for the sake of independent identities. Historically, corporatism or corporativism (Italian: corporativismo) refers to a political or economic system in which power is given to civic assemblies that represent economic, industrial, agrarian, and professional groups. ...

Mosley’s ideas were not as such new, as concepts of a Nation Europa and Eurafrika (the same idea only with parts of north Africa included as natural sectors of Europe’s traditional sphere of influence, an idea that Mosley himself felt had some merit) were already growing in Germany’s post-War underground, whilst Mussolini’s 1944 Italian Social Republic had returned to fascism’s roots with an attempt at a corporatist economic system during its brief run. Nonetheless Mosley was the first to express the ideas in English and it came as no surprise when he returned to proper political activism in 1948. These plans were to form the basis for the policy programme of the Union Movement. Nation Europa (now called Nation und Europa) is a monthly magazine, published in Germany, that was originally established in support of Pan-European nationalism. ... Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini (July 29, 1883 – April 28, 1945) was the prime minister and dictator of Italy from 1922 until 1943, when he was overthrown. ... 1944 (MCMXLIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday. ... War flag of the Italian Social Republic. ... Historically, corporatism or corporativism (Italian: corporativismo) refers to a political or economic system in which power is given to civic assemblies that represent economic, industrial, agrarian, and professional groups. ... 1948 (MCMXLVIII) was a leap year starting on Thursday (the link is to a full 1948 calendar). ...

Formation of the Union Movement

Mosley would return to the leadership of the British far right by founding the Union Movement (UM) in 1948 at a meeting in London's Farringdon Hall, where as many as fifty one separate groups came under the new umbrella, including Jeffrey Hamm's League of Ex-Servicemen and the Sons of St. George under Tommy Moran, both veterans of the BUF. Another early member was Francis Parker Yockey, who had come to England to seek Mosley's help with publishing his written work. Yockey briefly headed up the UM European Contact Section, although he was gone fairly quickly after a fall-out with Mosley. This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... Edward Jeffrey Hamm (1915-1994) was a leading British Fascist and supporter of Oswald Mosley. ... Saint-George is a municipality with 695 inhabitants (as of 2003) in the district of Aubonne in the canton of Vaud, Switzerland. ... Tommy Moran was a leading member of the British Union of Fascists and a close associate of Oswald Mosley. ... Francis Parker Yockey, (September 18, 1917 – June 16, 1960), was an American philosopher and polemicist best known for his neo-Spenglerian book Imperium, published under the pen name Ulick Varange [1] in 1948. ... Motto (French) God and my right Anthem God Save the King (Queen) England() – on the European continent() – in the United Kingdom() Capital (and largest city) London (de facto) Official languages English (de facto) Unified  -  by Athelstan 967 AD  Area  -  Total 130,395 km²  50,346 sq mi  Population  -  2006 estimate...

Mosley remained a critic of liberal democracy, and the UM instead extolled a strong executive that people could endorse or reject through regular referenda, with an independent judiciary in place to appoint replacements in the event of a rejection. The party marched 1500 members through Camden that same year and went on to contest the following year's local elections in London. However outside of Stepney and Bethnal Green, where reasonable results were secured, the UM performed very poorly at the polls and secured no representation. Disillusioned by the stern opposition that the UM faced, and with his style of street politics being exposed as somewhat passé, Mosley went into self-imposed exile in Ireland, leaving the UM to languish. Liberal democracy is a form of government. ... Camden Town is an area of north London in the London Borough of Camden. ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... Stepney is a place in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets. ... Bethnal Green is an area in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets, in the East End of London. ...

Racial tensions and the return of the Union Movement

After the British Nationalities Act 1948 there was a great increase in immigration, particularly from the newly independent Commonwealth states, as well as, to a lesser extent, from the colonies. In the early 1950s immigration was estimated at 8-10,000 per year, but this had grown to 35,000 per year by 1957. Perceptions of the new migrant workers were frequently oppositional and stereotypical, although the Conservative Party, despite the private opinions of some of its members, were loathe to make a political issue out of it, for fear of being seen as gutter politicians. Minor disturbances occurred in 1958 in Notting Hill (following a Mosley rally) and Nottingham with clashes between racial groups, a new phenomenon in Britain. The British Nationalities Act 1948 was an Act of Parliament passed by the British Parliament. ... This does not cite any references or sources. ... 1957 (MCMLVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Conservative Party (officially the Conservative and Unionist Party) is the second largest political party in the United Kingdom in terms of sitting Members of Parliament (MPs), the largest in terms of public membership, and is the second oldest extant political party in the world. ... This article or section needs additional references or sources to improve its verifiability. ... Nottingham is a city (and county town of Nottinghamshire) in the East Midlands of England. ...

The new uncertainties revitalised the UM and Mosley re-emerged to stand as a candidate in the 1959 election in North Kensington (which included Notting Hill), a first parliamentary election for him since 1931. Mosley made immigration his campaign issue, combining calls for assisted repatriation with scare stories regarding the criminality and sexual deviance of blacks, a common theme in racial scare-mongering at that time.^[3] The 8.1% share of the vote he secured was a personal humiliation for a man who still hoped that he would be called to serve as Prime Minister some day, although the UM as a whole was buoyed by the immigration issue, which it saw as the next big issue in British politics. 1959 (MCMLIX) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Kensington is an area to the west of Central London in the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea. ... Repatriation (from late Latin repatriare - to restore someone to his homeland) is a term used to describe the process of return of refugees or soldiers to their homes, most notably following a war. ... A prime minister is the most senior minister of a cabinet in the executive branch of government in a parliamentary system. ...

European dimension

Alongside his domestic politics Mosley continued to work towards his goal of 'Europe-a-Nation' and in 1962 attended a conference in Venice where he helped to form a National Party of Europe along with Germany's Reichspartei, the Mouvement d’Action Civique and Jeune Europe of Belgium and the Movimento Sociale Italiano. Adopting the slogan "Progress - Solidarity - Unity", the movement aimed to work closely for a closer unity of European states, although in the end little came of it as only the Italian constituent member enjoyed any success domestically. This group replaced the earlier European Social Movement in which Mosley had also been involved. The Union Movement itself did not play an active role on the European stage, although it did help to set in motion co-operation between like-minded groups across Europe, which continues to this day with the European National Front. 1962 (MCMLXII) was a common year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1962 calendar). ... Venice (Italian: Venezia, Venetian: Venezsia) is the capital of region Veneto, and has a population of 271,663 (census estimate January 1, 2004). ... The Flash and Circle symbol of the Union Movement was chosen as the emblem of the new group The National Party of Europe (NPE) was an initiative undertaken by a number of far right parties in Europe during the 1960s to help increase cross-border co-operation and work towards... There is open debate on rather facism is rightwing or not. ... Mouvement d’Action Civique was a minor far right political movement in Belgium during the 1950s and 1960s. ... Jeune Europe (Young Europe) was a far right movement formed by Jean-François Thiriart in Belgium. ... The Italian Social Movement (Movimento Sociale Italiano) (MSI) was a neo-Fascist party formed in the post-World War II period by supporters of the executed dictator Benito Mussolini. ... The European Social Movement (ESM) was a neo-fascist Europe-wide alliance set up in 1951 to promote Pan-European nationalism. ... European National Front is a coordinating structure of European far-right nationalist movements. ...

Final days of the Union Movement

Membership of the UM grew in the early 1960s and Mosley breifly considered the possibility of allowing the smaller British National Party to merge into his group. However Mosley was largely unimpressed by what he saw as John Bean's over-emphasis on race and especially by Colin Jordan's 'racialist twaddle' and the UM continued alone. ^[4] With talk of mergers dispelled, Mosley stood again in the 1966 election, this time in the Shoreditch and Finsbury constituency. However capturing only 4.6% of the vote, Mosley lost interest thereafter and effectively departed the scene, despite still officially being UM leader until 1973. The increasingly marginalised UM carried on into the 1970s, still advocating 'Europe-a-Nation', but had no real influence and failed to capture support with their fairly unusual policies. The 1960s decade refers to the years from January 1, 1960 to December 31, 1969, inclusive. ... The British National Party was a political party that operated in the United Kingdom from 1960 to 1967. ... John Bean is a veteran of the far right scene in Britain. ... John Colin Campbell Jordan (born June 1923) son of a postman, was a leading representative of postwar National Socialism in Britain and around the world. ... The UK general election in 1966 was called by Harold Wilson because his government, elected in the 1964 election, had an unworkably small majority. ... Shoreditch Town Hall Shoreditch is a place in the London Borough of Hackney. ... Finsbury is a place in the south of the London Borough of Islington. ... 1973 (MCMLXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday. ... The 1970s decade refers to the years from 1970 to 1979. ...

Union Movement post-Mosley

A brief revival looked possible after they were renamed the Action Party in 1973, under which name they fought six seats at the Greater London Council election. Under the leadership of Jeffrey Hamm, the party hoped for something of a revival, although they were damaged severely in 1974 when leading member Keith Thompson and his followers split to form the League of Saint George, a non-party movement which they claimed was the true continuation of Mosley's ideas. Having lost a sizeable chunk of their membership and finding the far right vote had long since been lost to the National Front, the Action Party gave up electoral politics and, in 1978, became the Action Society which acted as a publishing house rather than a political party. The group continued until the death of Hamm in 1994, after which the funding of Mosley's widow Diana Mitford was withdrawn. The Action Society was quietly wound up, representing the end of the Union Movement as a force in British politics. 1973 (MCMLXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday. ... Arms of the Greater London Council The Greater London Council (GLC) was the top-tier local government administrative body for Greater London from 1965 to 1986. ... Edward Jeffrey Hamm (1915-1994) was a leading British Fascist and supporter of Oswald Mosley. ... 1974 (MCMLXXIV) was a common year starting on Tuesday. ... Keith Thompson was a leading member of the Union Movement, which he joined in the 1960s whilst completing his National service. ... The League of St. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into far right. ... In the United Kingdom, the British National Front (most commonly called the National Front or NF) is a far right political party that had its major political activities during the 1970s and 1980s. ... 1978 (MCMLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Sunday. ... 1994 (MCMXCIV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated as the International Year of the Family and the International Year of the Sport and the Olympic Ideal by United Nations. ... The Honourable Diana Mitford (The Honourable Lady Mosley) (17 June 1910 – 11 August 2003) was one of Britains noted Mitford sisters. ...

References

2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1970 (MCMLXX) was a common year starting on Thursday. ... The Right Honourable Robert Jacob Alexander Skidelsky, Baron Skidelsky (born 1939 in Harbin, China) is a British economist of Russian origin, author of a major biography in three volumes of John Maynard Keynes. ... 1975 (MCMLXXV) was a common year starting on Wednesday. ... Macmillan Publishers Ltd, also known as The Macmillan Group, is a privately-held international publishing company owned by Georg von Holtzbrinck Publishing Group. ... 1998 (MCMXCVIII) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year of the Ocean by UNESCO. [1]. // Coated in ice, power and telephone lines sag and often break, resulting in power outages. ... I.B. Tauris is a publishing house based in London and specializing in non-fiction. ...

See also

Well known members

• John Bean
• Terry Flynn
• Neil Francis Hawkins
• Jeffrey Hamm
• Diana Mitford
• Oswald Mosley
• Tommy Moran
• Keith Thompson
• Alexander Raven Thomson
• John G. Wood

John Bean is a veteran of the far right scene in Britain. ... Terry Flynn (born 10th April,1943 in Watford) was a leading British Neo-Nazi and former leader of the November 9th Society. ... Neil Francis Hawkins (1903-1950) was a leading British fascist, both before and after the Second World War. ... Edward Jeffrey Hamm (1915-1994) was a leading British Fascist and supporter of Oswald Mosley. ... The Honourable Diana Mitford (The Honourable Lady Mosley) (17 June 1910 – 11 August 2003) was one of Britains noted Mitford sisters. ... Sir Oswald Ernald Mosley, 6th Baronet (November 16, 1896 – December 3, 1980), was a British politician known principally as the founder of the British Union of Fascists. ... Tommy Moran was a leading member of the British Union of Fascists and a close associate of Oswald Mosley. ... Keith Thompson was a leading member of the Union Movement, which he joined in the 1960s whilst completing his National service. ... Alexander Raven Thomson (1899-1955) (known usually as simply Raven) was a leading figure in the British Union of Fascists and was considered to be the partys chief ideologue. ... John Graeme Wood has been on the nationalist scene in Britain since the late 1950s. ...

Related groups and concepts

• British Union of Fascists
• Europe a Nation
• League of Saint George

The flag of the British Union of Fascists showing the Flash and Circle symbolic of action within unity The British Union of Fascists (BUF) was a political party of the 1930s in the United Kingdom. ... Europe a Nation was a policy developed by British politician Oswald Mosley as the cornerstone of his Union Movement. ... The League of St. ...

External link

• Union Movement on OswaldMosley.com