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Encyclopedia > United Nations Interim Force In Lebanon
A Sisu XA-180 used by Swedish UNIFIL forces in Lebanon
A Sisu XA-180 used by Swedish UNIFIL forces in Lebanon

The United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon, or UNIFIL, was created by the United Nations, with the adoption of Security Council Resolution 425 and 426 on March 19, 1978, to confirm Israeli withdrawal from Lebanon, restore international peace and security, and help the Government of Lebanon restore its effective authority in the area.[1] The first UNIFIL troops arrived in the area on March 23, 1978; these troops were reassigned from other UN peacekeeping operations in the area (namely the United Nations Emergency Force and the United Nations Disengagement Observer Force Zone).[1] Image File history File links Sisu_XA-180_Lebanon. ... Image File history File links Sisu_XA-180_Lebanon. ... XA-181 Crotale NG air defence variant XA-202 Command PASI XA-202 Communications PASI with 24m hydraulic mast XA-203 equipped with AMOS mortar system A Sisu XA-180 used by Swedish UNIFIL forces in Lebanon The Sisu XA-180 is a six-wheeled fully amphibious armoured personnel carrier... The United Nations (UN) is an international organization whose stated aims are to facilitate co-operation in international law, international security, economic development, and social equity. ... The United Nations Security Council (UNSC) is the organ of the United Nations charged with maintaining peace and security among nations. ... A United Nations Security Council Resolution is voted on by the fifteen members of the United Nations Security Council, the most powerful organ of the United Nations. ... On March 19, 1978, five days after the Israeli invasion of Lebanon, United Nations Security Council Resolution 425 was adopted, calling on Israel to immediately withdraw its forces from Lebanon and establishing the United Nations Interim Forces In Lebanon (UNIFIL). ... On March 19, 1978, five days after the Israeli invasion of Lebanon, United Nations Security Council Resolution 425 was adopted, calling on Israel to immediately withdraw its forces from Lebanon and establishing the United Nations Interim Forces In Lebanon (UNIFIL). ... March 19 is the 78th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (79th in leap years). ... 1978 (MCMLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Sunday. ... Lebanon has a unique form of parliamentary democracy in which the highest offices are reserved for certain ethnic groups. ... March 23 is the 82nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (83rd in leap years). ... 1978 (MCMLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Sunday. ... It has been suggested that this article be split into multiple articles accessible from a disambiguation page. ... The first United Nations Emergency Force (UNEF) was established by United Nations General Assembly to secure an end to the 1956 Suez Crisis with resolution 1001 (ES-I) on November 7, 1956, and in large measure as a result of efforts by secretary general Dag Hammarskjöld and a proposal... UNDOF zone map The United Nations Disengagement Observer Force (UNDOF) Zone was established by the United Nations after the adoption of UN Security Council Resolution 350 [1] on the same day the Agreement on Disengagement (S/11302/Add. ...


During the 1982 Lebanon War, UN positions were overrun, primarily by the de facto forces under Saad Haddad. These were the indigenous Lebanese forces supported by the IDF.[2] During the occupation, UNIFIL's function was mainly to provide humanitarian aid.[2] Beginning in 1985, Israel scaled back its permanent positions in Lebanon, although this process was punctuated by brief invasions and bombings, as in Operation Accountability in 1993 and Operation Grapes of Wrath in 1996. In 1999, Israel undertook a full withdrawal, which concluded in 2000 and enabled UNIFIL to resume its military tasks. The Lebanese government claims that the Shebaa farms area is Lebanese territory, although the UN considers it to be outside Lebanon's border. They contend that this dispute gives continued legal sanction to armed anti-Israeli groups in Lebanon (though the UN has officially certified that Israel has fully withdrawn from all areas it occupied after 1973). The UN Security Council has extended UNIFIL's mandate until August 31, 2007. [3] Combatants Israel Phalange South Lebanon Army Amal PLO Syria Commanders Menachem Begin (Prime Minister) Ariel Sharon, (Ministry of Defence) Rafael Eitan, (CoS) Yasser Arafat Strength 76,000 37,000 Casualties 670 9,800 The 1982 Lebanon War (Hebrew: , Milkhemet Levanon, Milkhemet Levanon, Arabic: ‎), called by Israel the Operation Peace of... Saad Haddad was the founder and head of the South Lebanon Army (SLA). ... The Israel Defense Forces (IDF) (Hebrew: צבא ×”×’× ×” לישראל  , [Army] Force for the Defense of Israel), often abbreviated with the Hebrew acronym צהל Tsahal, alternative English spelling Tzahal, is the name of Israels military forces, comprising the Israeli Army, the Israeli Air Force and the Israeli Navy. ... 1985 (MCMLXXXV) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... In July 1993, Israeli Forces launched a massive attack against Lebanon named Operation Accountability in Israel and Seven-Day War in Lebanon, in an attempt to displace the Lebanese and Palestinian refugee population, in order to pressure the Lebanese government and population to withdraw support for Hezbollah[1]. Israeli artillery... 1993 (MCMXCIII) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar and marked the Beginning of the International Decade to Combat Racism and Racial Discrimination (1993-2003). ... Combatants Israel, South Lebanon Army Hezbollah Casualties 3 killed. ... 1996 (MCMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year for the Eradication of Poverty. ... 1999 (MCMXCIX) was a common year starting on Friday, and was designated the International Year of Older Persons by the United Nations. ... This article is about the year 2000. ... Shebaa Farms is a disputed, agricultural area consisting of a dozen or more abandoned farms located southwest of Shebaa, a Lebanese village on the northwestern slopes of Mount Hermon, at the junction of Syria, Lebanon and Israel. ... The Blue Line is a border demarcation between Lebanon and Israel, drawn by the United Nations for the purposes of determining whether Israel had withdrawn from Lebanon. ... August 31 is the 243rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (244th in leap years), with 122 days remaining. ... 2007 (MMVII) is a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Contents

Mandate

UNIFIL is tasked with achieving the following objectives:

  • Confirm the withdrawal of Israeli forces from southern Lebanon
  • Restore international peace and security
  • Assist the Government of Lebanon in ensuring the return of its effective authority in the area

Mandating resolutions by the United Nations: Lebanon has a unique form of parliamentary democracy in which the highest offices are reserved for certain ethnic groups. ... The United Nations (UN) is an international organization whose stated aims are to facilitate co-operation in international law, international security, economic development, and social equity. ...

January 31 is the 31st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The United Nations Security Council (UNSC) is the organ of the United Nations charged with maintaining peace and security among nations. ... A United Nations Security Council Resolution is voted on by the fifteen members of the United Nations Security Council, the most powerful organ of the United Nations. ... July 31 is the 212th day (213th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 153 days remaining. ... 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... August 11 is the 223rd day of the year (224th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... United Nations Security Council Resolution 1701 is a resolution intended to resolve the 2006 Israel-Lebanon conflict. ...

Current operation

UNIFIL is currently primarily deployed along the United Nations-drawn Blue Line dividing Israel (and the disputed Golan Heights) and southern Lebanon. Its activities have centred around monitoring military activity between Hezbollah and the Israeli Defense Force (IDF) with the aim of reducing tensions and allaying continuing low-level armed conflict. UNIFIL has also played an important rôle in clearing landmines, assisting displaced persons, and providing humanitarian assistance in this underdeveloped region. It is to be reinforced with up to 15,000 personnel and a tougher UN mandate under a UN resolution to halt the 2006 Israel-Lebanon conflict, and operate alongside the Lebanese Armed Forces. The new resolution states that UNIFIL can “take all the necessary action in areas of deployment of its forces, and as it deems with its capabilities, to ensure that its area of operations is not utilised for hostile activities of any kind.”[7] On August 27, 2006 United Nations Secretary-General Kofi Annan said that UNIFIL would not intercept arms shipments from Syria, unless requested to do so by the Government of Lebanon. The United Nations (UN) is an international organization whose stated aims are to facilitate co-operation in international law, international security, economic development, and social equity. ... The Blue Line is a border demarcation between Lebanon and Israel, drawn by the United Nations for the purposes of determining whether Israel had withdrawn from Lebanon. ... Sites on the Golan in blue are Israeli settlement communities. ... For other uses, see Hezbollah (disambiguation). ... The Israel Defense Forces (IDF) (Hebrew: צבא ההגנה לישראל Tsva Ha-Haganah Le-Yisrael ([Army] Force [for] the Defense of Israel), often abbreviated צהל Tsahal, alternative English spelling Tzahal, is the name of Israels armed forces... Combatants Hezbollah Amal LCP Islamic Courts Union[4]  Israel Commanders Hassan Nasrallah (Secretary General of Hezbollah), veteran Fatah operative Imad Mughniyeh[5] Dan Halutz (CoS), Moshe Kaplinsky[13], Udi Adam (Regional) Strength 600-1,000 active fighters (of 3,000 - 5,000 available and 10,000 reservists) [6] 30,000... The military of the Republic of Lebanon is offically known as the Lebanese Armed Forces (LAF) and consists of three branches: The Lebanese Army The Lebanese Navy The Lebanese Air Force // The Lebanese Armed Forces primary missions include; defending Lebanon and its citizens against all aggression, confrontiing threats against the... August 27 is the 239th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (240th in leap years), with 126 days remaining. ... 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Kofi Annan, current Secretary-General of the United Nations The Secretary-General of the United Nations is the head of the Secretariat, one of the principal organs of the United Nations. ... Kofi Atta Annan (born April 8, 1938) is a Ghanaian diplomat and was the seventh Secretary-General of the United Nations from January 1, 1997 to December 31, 2006. ... Lebanon has a unique form of parliamentary democracy in which the highest offices are reserved for certain ethnic groups. ...


Troop status

A Dutch DAF YP 408 truck, which is similar to those used by UNIFIL
A Dutch DAF YP 408 truck, which is similar to those used by UNIFIL

As of November 1, 2006 UNIFIL employs 9,509 military personnel, 53 United Nations Truce Supervision Organization observers, 97 international civilian employees, and 308 local civilian employees.[8] Its annual budget is about US$100 million. UNIFIL is currently led by French Major-General Alain Pellegrini, formerly French military attaché in Beirut and head of the Middle East Division of the Direction du Renseignement Militaire. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1136x852, 273 KB) Summary Licensing File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): DAF Trucks United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1136x852, 273 KB) Summary Licensing File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): DAF Trucks United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added... DAF is a Dutch automobile company, with its main offices in Eindhoven. ... November 1 is the 305th day of the year (306th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 60 days remaining. ... 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... UNTSO is an acronym for United Nations Truce Supervision Organization, an organization founded in 1948 for peacekeeping in the Middle East. ... ISO 4217 Code USD User(s) the United States, the British Virgin Islands, East Timor, Ecuador, El Salvador, the Marshall Islands, Micronesia, Palau, Panama, Turks and Caicos Islands, and the insular areas of the United States Inflation 3. ... Alain Pellegrini (La Flèche, France, 12 August 1946) is a French General de Division, currently commanding the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon. ... Beirut ( translit: ) is the capital, largest city, and chief seaport of Lebanon. ...


To date UNIFIL has suffered 258 fatalities: 249 military personnel, 2 military observers, 3 international civilian staff, and 4 local staff.


Debate over UNIFIL presence and neutrality

UNIFIL has fallen out of favour with both Israel and Hezbollah. Israel has criticized the force for, among other things, maintaining a dialogue with Hezbollah, which it views as a terrorist organisation, for treating Israeli and Hezbollah ceasefire breaches equally, while Israel views its overflights as less severe than Hezbollah shellings. UNIFIL was accused of complicity in the fatal abduction of IDF soldiers in October 2000, and Israel further blamed it for obstructing its investigation by denying the existence of and then refusing to supply videos for several months afterwards.[9][10] For other uses, see Hezbollah (disambiguation). ... The Israeli Engineering Corps are the combat engineering forces of צהל - the Israeli Defence Forces. ...


Prior to the 2006 Israel-Lebanon conflict of July 2006, Israel had been lobbying for UNIFIL to either take a more active role vis-a-vis Hezbollah (for example, preventing Hezbollah from stationing near UNIFIL posts to fire at the IDF and into northern Israel) or to step out of the region (thereby voiding the Lebanese government’s excuse for not deploying Lebanese Armed Forces along the border).[11] Combatants Hezbollah Amal LCP Islamic Courts Union[4]  Israel Commanders Hassan Nasrallah (Secretary General of Hezbollah), veteran Fatah operative Imad Mughniyeh[5] Dan Halutz (CoS), Moshe Kaplinsky[13], Udi Adam (Regional) Strength 600-1,000 active fighters (of 3,000 - 5,000 available and 10,000 reservists) [6] 30,000... Look up July in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The military of the Republic of Lebanon is offically known as the Lebanese Armed Forces (LAF) and consists of three branches: The Lebanese Army The Lebanese Navy The Lebanese Air Force // The Lebanese Armed Forces primary missions include; defending Lebanon and its citizens against all aggression, confrontiing threats against the...


UNIFIL also came under criticism during the 2006 Israel-Lebanon conflict for broadcasting detailed reports of Israeli troop movements on their website which "could have exposed Israeli soldiers to grave danger", while making no such reports about Hezbollah.[12]


Hezbollah supporters have accused UNIFIL of siding with Israel, especially since the passage of Resolution 1701 which they view as one-sided. On October 16, 2006 Sayyed Mohammad Hussein Fadlallah declared that the UN force had “come to protect Israel, not Lebanon”. October 16 is the 289th day of the year (290th in leap years). ... Sayyid Mohammad Hussein Fadlallah Mohammad Hussein Fadlallah (born November 16, 1935) is a leading Lebanese Shiite Muslim scholar. ...


The participation of Turkish troops in the reinforced UNIFIL in 2006 has also been controversial in Lebanon, where the Armenian community has vigorously protested against it.


Conflict in 2006

See also: Attacks on United Nations personnel during the 2006 Israel-Lebanon conflict

According to UNIFIL press releases, there have been dozens of such incidents of UN posts coming under fire during the 2006 Israel-Lebanon conflict.[13] In his 21 July 2006 report about the UNIFIL activities 21 January-18 July 2006, the UN Secretary-General stated that "Some Hezbollah positions remained in close proximity to United Nations positions, especially in the Hula area, posing a significant security risk to United Nations personnel and equipment."[14] Aftermath of IDF airstrike on UN patrol base Khiam, Lebanon, 2006. ... Combatants Hezbollah Amal LCP Islamic Courts Union[4]  Israel Commanders Hassan Nasrallah (Secretary General of Hezbollah), veteran Fatah operative Imad Mughniyeh[5] Dan Halutz (CoS), Moshe Kaplinsky[13], Udi Adam (Regional) Strength 600-1,000 active fighters (of 3,000 - 5,000 available and 10,000 reservists) [6] 30,000... July 21 is the 202nd day (203rd in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 163 days remaining. ... 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... January 21 is the 21st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... July 18 is the 199th day (200th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 166 days remaining. ... 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...


Casualties from Israeli fire

  • An Israeli tank shell hit a UNIFIL position in southern Lebanon on Monday 24 July 2006, wounding four Ghananian soldiers. UNIFIL engineers from China repaired a road connecting Tyre and Naqoura previously destroyed by the Israelis.[15]
  • Shrapnel from tank shells fired by the IDF seriously wounded an Indian soldier on 16 July 2006[16]
  • On 25 July 2006 four UN peacekeepers from Austria, Canada, China and Finland were killed when an Israeli aerial bomb struck a UN observation post in southern Lebanon. According to the UN, the four had taken shelter in a bunker under the post. The area around the site was shelled a total of 14 times by Israeli artillery[17] throughout the day despite communication[18] via telephone between the UN liaison and the IDF. Later, a rescue team was also shelled[19] as it tried to clear the rubble.

July 24 is the 205th day (206th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 160 days remaining. ... 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... July 16 is the 197th day (198th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 168 days remaining. ... 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... July 25 is the 206th day (207th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar, with 159 days remaining. ... 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Casualties from Hezbollah fire

  • Hezbollah fire wounded an Italian OGL observer on the border on Sunday 23 July.[20]
  • Hezbollah opened small-arms fire on a UNIFIL convoy on the road between Kunin and Bint Jbail causing damage to the APCs but no casualties.[21]

July 23 is the 204th day (205th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 161 days remaining. ... Bint Jbeil (Arabic: ‎) is the second largest town in the Nabatiye Governorate in Southern Lebanon. ...

Reinforcements

Wikinews has news related to:
France offers promised 2000 soldiers to the UN in Lebanon

Following the cease-fire, the UNIFIL will receive vast reinforcement, up to 15 000 men, and heavy equipment. France is committed to increase her complement from 400 to 2 000 men and send Leclerc heavy tanks and AMX 30 AuF1 self-propelled artillery [5], in addition to the forces deployed in Opération Baliste. Italy will send 3000 troops.[6] Qatar will send between 200 and 300 troops. [7] Image File history File links WikiNews-Logo. ... Wikinews is a free-content news source and a project of the Wikimedia Foundation. ... The gunners position, looking down from the turret roof. ... The AMX 30 AuF1 is a ground-ground artillery system using the AMX 30 hull. ... Opération Baliste is the codename for the French aeronaval operation off Lebanon aiming at securing citizens of the European Union, since July 2006, in the context of the 2006 Israel-Lebanon conflict. ...


A naval component of UNIFIL is being set up to assist the Lebanese Navy preventing arms proliferation to Hezbollah. This force is under the command of a German admiral with the majority of vessels being provided by the German Navy. The German Navy (German: Deutsche Marine  ) is the navy of Germany and part of the Bundeswehr. ...


Incidents involving Israeli planes

On the 3 October 2006, an Israeli fighter penetrated the 2-nautical mile defence perimeter of the French frigate Courbet, triggering a diplomatic incident. Israel apologised after official protests from the French government [8] [9]. The Courbet is a second-line multi-mission stealth frigate of the French Marine Nationale. ...


On 24 October, six Israeli F-16's flew over a German vessel patrolling off Israel's coast just south of the Lebanese border. The German Defence Ministry said that the planes had given off infrared decoys and one of the aircraft had fired two shots into the air, which had not been specifically aimed. The Israeli military said that a German helicopter took off from the vessel without having coordinated this with Israel, and denied vehemently having fired any shots at the vessel and said "as of now" it also had no knowledge of the jets launching flares over it. Israeli Defence Minister Amir Peretz telephoned his German counterpart Franz Josef Jung to clarify that 'Israel has no intention to carry out any aggressive actions' against the German peacekeeping forces in Lebanon, who are there as part of UNIFIL to enforce an arms embargo against Hezbollah. Germany confirmed the consultations, and that both sides were interested in maintaining good cooperation.[22][23][24] October 24 is the 297th day of the year (298th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 68 days remaining. ... The F-16 Fighting Falcon is a modern multi-role jet fighter aircraft built in the United States and used by dozens of countries all over the world. ... Franz Josef Jung (born 5 March 1949) is a German politician (CDU). ... UNIFIL (United Nations Interim Forces In Lebanon) was created in 1978 by the United Nations to confirm Israeli withdrawal from Lebanon, restore the international peace and security, and help the Lebanese Government restore its effective authority in the area. ...


On 31 October, 2006, eight Israeli F-15s flew over many areas of Lebanon, including Beirut.[25][26] The IAF jets also flew over a French peacekeeper position in Lebanon. According to the French Defense Minister Michele Alliot-Marie, the planes came in at what was interpreted as an attack position, and the peacekeepers were "seconds away" from firing at the jets.[27] October 31 is the 304th day of the year (305th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 61 days remaining. ... The McDonnell Douglas F-15 Eagle is an all-weather, extremely maneuverable, tactical fighter designed to permit the U.S. Air Force to gain and maintain air superiority in aerial combat. ... The Israeli Air Force (IAF) (Hebrew: זרוע האוויר והחלל Zroa HaAvir VeHaḤalal, literally Air and Space Arm) is the air force of the Israel Defense Forces and currently operates around 900 aircraft. ... The Minister of Defence (Ministre de la Défense) is the French government cabinet member charged with running the military of France. ... Michèle Alliot-Marie Michèle Alliot-Marie (born 10 September 1946) is the French Minister of Defence. ...


Countries involved

The following countries have either committed troops, are currently active in UNIFIL, or have offered support to UNIFIL in some way. Countries in bold were part of the original UNIFIL force.

Country Committed Forces (estimated*) Support Roles
 Belgium 394[28][29] de-miners, medical and reconstruction teams[29]
Flag of Brunei Brunei 100[30][31]
 Bulgaria 160[32]
China, People’s Republic of 1,000[33][34] 200 engineers currently in Lebanon clearing mines and unexploded ordnance[35]
Flag of Denmark Denmark 50[28][36] 2 patrol boats as force protection for German contingent
 Finland 250[28][37] reconstructing roads, bridges and other infrastructure destroyed[38]
France France 2,000[39][40] ground troops including 13 French Leclerc tanks[41]; in charge of UNIFIL ground forces until February 2007[42].
In addition, French Navy ships with 1,700 men are deployed off Lebanon in Opération Baliste, and assisting in UNIFIL operations.
Flag of Germany Germany 2,400[43][44] naval ships to secure the Lebanese coast and prevent arms smuggling[43][44]
Ghana Ghana
Flag of Greece Greece 176-196 Elli-class frigate, the HS Kanaris, to patrol against arms smugglers[45]
India India 672[46][47]
 Indonesia 1,000[48][49] combat units, an engineering unit and logistics specialists[48]
Ireland 150[38][50] perimeter protection for Finnish troops[38]
Italy Italy 3,000[39][40] ground troops; will assume charge of UNIFIL ground forces in February 2007[51]
Flag of Malaysia Malaysia 360[52][53] Administrative(200) and patrol/quick reaction team (160; including commandos and special forces);
Flag of Nepal Nepal 850[54][55] infantry battalion[54][55]
Flag of Netherlands Netherlands 150[56] M-class frigate[56]
Norway Norway 100[56]

[57] Image File history File links Flag_of_Belgium_(civil). ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Brunei. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Bulgaria_(bordered). ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_Peoples_Republic_of_China. ... People on the stairs to the Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago In general, the English word people refers to a specific group of humans, or to persons in a general sense. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Denmark. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Finland_(bordered). ... Image File history File links Flag_of_France. ... The French Navy, officially called the National Navy (French: Marine Nationale) is the maritime arm of the French military. ... Opération Baliste is the codename for the French aeronaval operation off Lebanon aiming at securing citizens of the European Union, since July 2006, in the context of the 2006 Israel-Lebanon conflict. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Germany. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Ghana. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Greece. ... But for the first two ships (Elli and Limnos), which had lengthened hangars and different armament, the Elli class frigates are ex-Royal Netherlands Navy S-frigates of the Kortenaer class now in the service of the Hellenic Navy. ... For the bird, see Frigatebird. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_India. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Indonesia_(bordered). ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Ireland_(bordered). ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Italy. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Malaysia. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Nepal. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_Netherlands. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Norway. ...

naval ships to secure the Lebanese coast and prevent arms smuggling[56]
Poland 500[58][28]
Flag of Portugal Portugal 140[59]
 Russia 400[44][60] rebuilding infrastructure[44]
Flag of Spain Spain 1,000[39][61] "help speed up the Israeli withdrawal from Lebanese territory", de-mining and beach cleaning[62]
Flag of Sweden Sweden 40[28][63] 1 Göteborg class corvette
Flag of Turkey Turkey 495[64] engineering unit to help rebuild damaged bridges and roads; Turkish naval frigate patrolling off the Lebanese coast[64]
Ukraine Ukraine 1[47]
Total 13,817

* Because the troop figures come from second hand sources, the exact numbers can not be accurately verified. In most cases the sources round and/or estimate the figures to the closet proximity. Image File history File links Flag_of_Poland_(bordered). ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Portugal. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Russia_(bordered). ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Spain. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Sweden. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Turkey. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Ukraine. ...


Chefs of the force

March is the third month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar and one of seven Gregorian months with the length of 31 days. ... 1978 (MCMLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Sunday. ... This article is about the year 2000. ... January 15 is the 15th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the year 2001. ... January 15 is the 15th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the year 2001. ... April is the fourth month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar and one of four with the length of 30 days. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... April is the fourth month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar and one of four with the length of 30 days. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Commanders of the force

March is the third month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar and one of seven Gregorian months with the length of 31 days. ... 1978 (MCMLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Sunday. ... February is the second month of the calendar year in the Julian and Gregorian calendars. ... 1981 (MCMLXXXI) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... February is the second month of the calendar year in the Julian and Gregorian calendars. ... 1981 (MCMLXXXI) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... May is the fifth month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar and one of seven Gregorian months with the length of 31 days. ... 1986 (MCMLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... June is the sixth month of the year in the Gregorian calendar, with a length of 30 days. ... 1986 (MCMLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... June is the sixth month of the year in the Gregorian calendar, with a length of 30 days. ... 1988 (MCMLXXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Look up July in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... 1988 (MCMLXXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ... February is the second month of the calendar year in the Julian and Gregorian calendars. ... 1993 (MCMXCIII) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar and marked the Beginning of the International Decade to Combat Racism and Racial Discrimination (1993-2003). ... February is the second month of the calendar year in the Julian and Gregorian calendars. ... 1993 (MCMXCIII) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar and marked the Beginning of the International Decade to Combat Racism and Racial Discrimination (1993-2003). ... February is the second month of the calendar year in the Julian and Gregorian calendars. ... 1995 (MCMXCV) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... April is the fourth month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar and one of four with the length of 30 days. ... 1995 (MCMXCV) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... October 1 is the 274th day of the year (275th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1997 (MCMXCVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... February is the second month of the calendar year in the Julian and Gregorian calendars. ... 1997 (MCMXCVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Look up September in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... 1999 (MCMXCIX) was a common year starting on Friday, and was designated the International Year of Older Persons by the United Nations. ... September 30 is the 273rd day of the year (274th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... December 1 is the 335th (in leap years the 336th) day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1999 (MCMXCIX) was a common year starting on Friday, and was designated the International Year of Older Persons by the United Nations. ... Lt. ... November 16 is the 320th day of the year (321st in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 45 days remaining. ... 1999 (MCMXCIX) was a common year starting on Friday, and was designated the International Year of Older Persons by the United Nations. ... May 15 is the 135th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (136th in leap years). ... This article is about the year 2001. ... May 15 is the 135th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (136th in leap years). ... August 17 is the 229th day of the year (230th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... This article is about the year 2001. ... August 17 is the 229th day of the year (230th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... This article is about the year 2001. ... February 17 is the 48th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... February 17 is the 48th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Alain Pellegrini (La Flèche, France, 12 August 1946) is a French General de Division, currently commanding the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon. ...

Quotes

  • "UNIFIL, I'm afraid, is a joke. They’ve been there for 26 years and since then, there have been so many skirmishes [along the border]." - former Israeli ambassador Itamar Rabinovich 20 July 2006 [65]
  • "We didn’t like very much UNIFIL which was very useless and very helpless. Look what happened. Did you hear of any particular efforts of the United Nations UNIFIL force in the south of Lebanon to prevent the attacks against Israel in the first place. So they were not useful and that is why we were unhappy with them." Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Olmert, August 2, 2006[66]
  • " UNIFIL came here in 1978. We were, because at that time there was no Hezbollah here, accused of being sympathetic to Palestinians. A peacekeeping force does not come here with pre-set enemies. There is no enemy [inaudible] in a peacekeeping force. UNIFIL is a peacekeeping force. It's not a Israeli combat force or an anti-terror force, as they would like it to be. As long as we don't serve their direct interests, they are going to denigrate it as much as they can." Timur Goksel, former spokesman of the UNIFIL, July 26, 2006 [67]

July 20 is the 201st day (202nd in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 164 days remaining. ... 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Ehud Olmert (IPA ; Hebrew: אהוד אולמרט; born September 30, 1945) is the 12th and current Prime Minister of Israel. ... August 2 is the 214th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (215th in leap years), with 151 days remaining. ... 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... July 26 is the 207th day (208th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 158 days remaining. ... 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Notes

  1. ^ a b Extracts relating to Article 98 of the Charter of the United Nations: Supplement No 5 (1970 - 1978) (PDF). Repertory of Practice of United Nations Organs §275–279. United Nations. Retrieved on 2006-08-06.
  2. ^ a b Extracts relating to Article 98 of the Charter of the United Nations: Supplement No 6 (1979 - 1984) (PDF). Repertory of Practice of United Nations Organs §185–§199. United Nations. Retrieved on 2006-08-06.
  3. ^ BBC News Text: UN Lebanon resolution Retrieved on 2006-08-12
  4. ^ United Nations Security Council extends UN force in Lebanon until 31 July, unanimously adopting Resolution 1655 (2006) Retrieved on 2006-08-12
  5. ^ United Nations Security Council extends United Nations force in Lebanon, unanimously adopting Resolution 1697 (2006) Retrieved on 2006-08-12
  6. ^ United Nations Security Council calls for end to hostilities between Hizbollah, Israel, unanimously adopting Resolution 1701 (2006) Retrieved on 2006-08-12
  7. ^ The Times UN plans for 15,000 peacekeepers as Israel expands ground offensive - World - Times Online Retrieved on 2006-08-13
  8. ^ United Nations [1] Retrieved on 2006-11-3
  9. ^ CNN, 3 August 2001 U.N. report: Kidnapped Israeli soldiers may be dead
  10. ^ Report of the Secretary-General on the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (for the period from 21 July 2004 to 20 January 2005) Document S/2005/36
  11. ^ Haaretz Israel accuses UN of collaborating with Hezbollah Retrieved 2006-10-28
  12. ^ Lori Lowenthal Marcus. "What did you do in the war, UNIFIL?", Weekly Standard, 09/04/2006.
  13. ^ United Nations UNIFIL press releases
  14. ^ See paragraph 28 in Report of the Secretary-General on the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (S/2006/560) Accessed 31 July 2206
  15. ^ http://www.un.org/Depts/dpko/missions/unifil/pr09.pdf UNIFIL Press Release, Naqoura, 25 July 2006
  16. ^ http://www.un.org/Depts/dpko/missions/unifil/pr01.pdf UNIFIL Press Release, Naqoura, 17 July 2006
  17. ^ UNIFIL Untitled Press Release 26 July 2006
  18. ^ Telegraph, Telegraph (UK) Article, 27 July 2006
  19. ^ Reuters, Alertnet 26 July 2006
  20. ^ "Israeli strike kills four UN soldiers", Al Jazeera, 2006-07-26. See also UNIFIL Press Release, Naqoura, 24 July 2006 http://www.un.org/Depts/dpko/missions/unifil/pr08.pdf
  21. ^ See UNIFIL Press Release, Naqoura, 25 July 2006 http://www.un.org/Depts/dpko/missions/unifil/pr09.pdf
  22. ^ "Germany, Israel confirm naval vessel-planes incident", Telugu Portal, 2006, 28 October.
  23. ^ "Germany, Israel confirm naval vessel-planes incident", Middle East News, 2006, 28 October.
  24. ^ "Israel denies firing shots at German ship", Ynetnews, 2006, 28 October.
  25. ^ Israeli jets fly low over Beirut, BBC
  26. ^ Israeli warplanes fly low over Beirut, suburbs, Reuters
  27. ^ IDF checking French claim its UN troops almost fired at IAF jets, AP in Haaretz
  28. ^ a b c d e Asian Tribune U.N. Force Looks More European, Less Multinational Accessed September 14, 2006
  29. ^ a b Expatica Communications Two Belgian generals to serve on Lebanon mission[2] Accessed September 14, 2006
  30. ^ Brudirect.com News Brunei Troops To Join Malaysia In Lebanon Accessed September 14, 2006
  31. ^ Daily Express Accord on Trans-Borneo Highway Accessed September 14, 2006
  32. ^ Naharnet Bulgaria Approves Sending 160-Crew Frigate to Lebanon Accessed September 30, 2006
  33. ^ MonstersandCritics.com Lebanon latest hotspot as China deploys peacekeepers Accessed September 14, 2006
  34. ^ Haaretz China to send as many as 1,000 peackeeping troops to Lebanon Accessed September 14, 2006
  35. ^
  36. ^ Danish Navy 2 missilfartøjer men ingen korvet til Libanon Accessed October 2, 2006
  37. ^ Helsingin Sanomat President approves Lebanon force Accessed September 14, 2006
  38. ^ a b c Herald Tribune Ireland to deploy 150 troops to United Nations force in Lebanon Accessed September 14, 2006
  39. ^ a b c EiTB24 Italian troops land in Lebanon strengthening renewed UNIFIL Accessed September 14, 2006
  40. ^ a b FrontPageMagazine.com Making the Ceasefire Stick Accessed September 14, 2006
  41. ^ Associated Press French Tanks Give Teeth to U.N. Force Accessed September 14, 2006
  42. ^ Forbes France in Lebanon: the strength of hesitation Accessed September 14, 2006
  43. ^ a b MonstersandCritics.com Germany sends troops to Lebanon Accessed September 14, 2006
  44. ^ a b c d China Daily Germany oks Lebanon mission Accessed September 14, 2006
  45. ^ "Greece begins its peacekeeping drive in Lebanon: Frigate has orders to fire if need be", Kathimerini, 2006-09-09.
  46. ^ IndianMuslims.info India to keep existing troops in UNIFIL for 'time being' Accessed September 14, 2006
  47. ^ a b Raw Story Media, Inc. UN opens meeting on Lebanon troops Accessed September 14, 2006
  48. ^ a b Raw Story Media, Inc. Indonesian soldiers off to Lebanon in late September Accessed September 14, 2006
  49. ^ Helsingin Sanomat Indonesian leader praises Finns for contribution to Aceh peace process Accessed September 14, 2006
  50. ^ The Irish Times 150 Irish troops to join UN interim force in Lebanon Accessed September 14, 2006
  51. ^ ANSA Peacekeepers need political support Accessed September 14, 2006
  52. ^ Bernama.com[3]
  53. ^ Malaysia's Prime Minister's Office[4]
  54. ^ a b Islamic Republic News Agency Nepal to send 850 troops to war torn Lebanon Accessed September 14, 2006
  55. ^ a b PeaceJournalism.com Annan Ends his Visit to Beirut after Touring War-Ravaged South Lebanon Accessed September 14, 2006
  56. ^ a b c d Netherlands Ministry of Defence NEDERLANDS MARINESCHIP NAAR LIBANON Accessed October 2, 2006
  57. ^ Sending MTBs Accessed October 2, 2006
  58. ^ Raw Story Media, Inc. Poland to boost Lebanon UNIFIL force to 500 troops Accessed September 14, 2006
  59. ^ Naharnet Portuguese UNIFIL Troops to Head to Lebanon Next Week Accessed October 28, 2006
  60. ^ Syrian Arab News Agency Russia Sends 1200 Soldiers to Lebanon Accessed September 14, 2006
  61. ^ People's Daily Online Spanish troops hope to help speed up Israeli withdrawal from Lebanon Accessed September 14, 2006
  62. ^ Daily Star Western envoys discuss deployments to UNIFIL Accessed September 14, 2006
  63. ^ Swedish armed forces HMS Gävle på väg søderut Accessed October 2, 2006
  64. ^ a b Turkish Weekly The Turkish UNIFIL Troops Set off for Lebanon Accessed November 9, 2006
  65. ^ NPR.org Mass Exodus Continues as Lebanon Seeks Aid
  66. ^ Times Online (UK) The Times interview with Ehud Olmert: full transcript Accessed August 3, 2006
  67. ^ Democracy Now!, Kofi Annan Says Israel's Fatal Attack on UN Force in Lebanon was "Apparently Deliberate"; Longtime UN Official Says Israel Knew Site Was UN Base

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See also

Operation Litani was the official name of the Israel Defense Forces 1978 invasion of Lebanon up to the Litani river. ... Combatants Lebanese Front Syrian Army LNM PLO Commanders Bachir Gemayel Dany Chamoun Kamal Jumblatt Yasser Arafat The multi-sided Lebanese Civil War (1975–1990) had its origin in the conflicts and political compromises after the end of Lebanons administration by the Ottoman Empire and was exacerbated by the nation... Combatants Hezbollah Israel South Lebanon Army Casualties unknown unknown The South Lebanon conflict was the guerrilla campaign which Hezbollah was waging against occupying Israeli forces in South Lebanon between 1982 and 2000. ... Combatants Hezbollah Amal LCP Islamic Courts Union[4]  Israel Commanders Hassan Nasrallah (Secretary General of Hezbollah), veteran Fatah operative Imad Mughniyeh[5] Dan Halutz (CoS), Moshe Kaplinsky[13], Udi Adam (Regional) Strength 600-1,000 active fighters (of 3,000 - 5,000 available and 10,000 reservists) [6] 30,000...

Sources

  • GlobalSecurity.org Lebanon

External links

  • UNIFIL - UN official mandate
  • UNIFIL Deployment as of 2006 July
  • Site with Pictures and stories of Dutch peacekeepers attached to UNIFIL in 1979
  • UNIFIL Quip of the Day
 Wikimedia Commons has media related to:
UNIFIL


 

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