The United States Army Reserve is the federal reserve force of the United States Army. Together, the Army Reserve and the Army National Guard constitute the reserve components of the U.S. Army. It was formed in 1908 to provide a reserve of medical officers. Reserve soldiers perform only part-time duties as opposed to full-time ("active duty") soldiers, but may be called upon to do full-time duty. Image File history File links United_States_AR_seal. ... A military reserve force is a military organization composed of part-time military personnel, and sometimes civilians, who are available to fight when a nation mobilizes for total war or to defend against invasion. ... It has been suggested that United States Army values be merged into this article or section. ... The United States National Guard is a component of the United States Army (the Army National Guard) and the United States Air Force (the Air National Guard). ... The Reserve Components of the Armed Forces of the United States are military organizations with members who generally perform a minimum of 39 days of military duty per year and who augment the active duty (or full time) military when necessary. ... 1908 (MCMVIII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ...

Army Reserve soldiers may be soldiers who left the active Army after a period of service, or they may have enlisted directly into the Reserve. Reserve soldiers generally perform training or service one weekend per month (inactive duty for training or Battle Assembly) and for two continuous weeks at some time during the year (annual training). Many reserve soldiers are organized into Army Reserve units, while others serve to augment active Army units. Soldiers get ready to go to the Weapons Qualification Range at Fort Dix, New Jersey Battle Assembly is the term used by the United States Army Reserve to describe monthly drills, where soldiers practice their warrior skills one weekend per month as members of the Army Reserve. ...

The Army Reserve is composed of 204,134 soldiers as of 2004.

Contributions to the Active Army

In the early 1980s Army Reserve soldiers constituted the following numbers in US Army units:

• 100% of training divisions, brigades, and railway units
• 97% of civil affairs units
• 89% of psychological operations units
• 85% of smoke generator companies
• 78% of Petrol/Oil/Lubricant (POL) supply companies
• 62% of Army hospitals
• 61% of terminal companies
• 59% of the supply and service capability of the Army
• 51% of ammunition companies
• 43% of airborne pathfinder units
• 43% of watercraft companies
• 42% of chemical decontamination units
• 38% of combat support aviation companies
• 26% of combat engineer battalions
• 25% of Special Forces Groups
• smaller percentages of other units and formations such as combat brigades and tank battalions

However in the post-Cold War draw-down all combat units except the 100th Battalion, 442nd Infantry Regiment were disbanded, which meant the disestablishment of the three remaining Army Reserve fighting brigades (the 157th Infantry Brigade (Mech) (Sep) of Pennsylvania, the 187th Infantry Brigade (Sep) of Massachusetts, and the 205th Infantry Brigade (Sep) (Light) of Minnesota). Many of the Army Reserve training divisions were realigned as institutional training divisions. The Cold War was the period of protracted conflict and competition between the United States and the Soviet Union and their allies from the late 1940s until the late 1980s. ...

Current Formations and Units

• U.S. 75th Division (Training Support) (USAR) at Houston, Texas
• U.S. 77th Division (Reinforcement Training Unit) (USAR) "Statue of Liberty Division" at Fort Totten, New York
• U.S. 78th Division (Training Support) (USAR) "Lightning Division" at Fort Dix, New Jersey
• U.S. 80th Division (Training Support) (USAR) "Blue Ridge Division" at Richmond, Virginia
• U.S. 84th Division (Training Support) (USAR) "Lincoln County Division" at Milwaukee, Wisconsin
• U.S. 85th Division (Training Support) (USAR) "Custer Division" at Arlington Heights, Illinois
• U.S. 87th Division (Training Support) (USAR) "Acorn Division" at Birmingham, Alabama
• U.S. 91st Division (Training Support) (USAR) "Wild West Division" at Fort Hunter Liggett, California
• U.S. 95th Division (Institutional Training) (USAR) "Victory Division" at Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
• U.S. 98th Division (Institutional Training) (USAR) "Iroquois Division" at Rochester, New York
• U.S. 100th Division (Institutional Training) (USAR) "Century Division" at Fort Knox, Kentucky
• U.S. 104th Division (Institutional Training) (USAR) "Timberwolf Division" at Fort Lewis, Washington
• U.S. 108th Division (Institutional Training) (USAR) "Golden Griffins" at Charlotte, North Carolina
• 100th Battalion, 442nd Infantry
• Aviation units
• other formations, units, and establishments

The 75th Infantry Division was a unit of the United States Army in World War I and World War II. // World War II Activated: 15 April 1943. ... Nickname: Space City Location in the state of Texas Coordinates: Counties Harris County Fort Bend County Montgomery County Mayor Bill White Area    - City 1,558 km²  (601. ... For other uses, see Texas (disambiguation). ... Shoulder Sleeve Insignia of the 77th Infantry Division. ... Construction began on Fort Totten began in 1862 after the land was purchased by the U.S. Government in 1857 from the Willets family. ... This article is about the U.S. state. ... US 78th Infantry Division Shoulder Sleeve Insignia US 78th Infantry Division Distinctive Unit Insignia The 78th Infantry Division was a unit of the United States Army which served in World War I and World War II. // World War I The 78th Infantry Division of the United States Army was activated... Fort Dix is a census-designated place located in Burlington County, New Jersey. ... Official language(s) None, English de facto Capital Trenton Largest city Newark Area  Ranked 47th  - Total 8,729 sq mi (22,608 km²)  - Width 70 miles (110 km)  - Length 150 miles (240 km)  - % water 14. ... The 80th Division (Institutional Training) was a formation of the United States Army. ... Nickname: River City, Cap City, R-V-A Motto: Sic Itur Ad Astra (Thus do we reach the stars) Location in the Commonwealth of Virginia Coordinates: Country United States State Virginia County Independent City Mayor L. Douglas Wilder (D) Area    - City 62. ... This article is about the U.S. Commonwealth. ... The 84th Division (Institutional Training) was a formation of the United States Army. ... This article is about Milwaukee in Wisconsin. ... Official language(s) None Capital Madison Largest city Milwaukee Area  Ranked 23rd  - Total 65,498 sq mi (169,790 km²)  - Width 260 miles (420 km)  - Length 310 miles (500 km)  - % water 17  - Latitude 42°30N to 47°3N  - Longitude 86°49W to 92°54W Population  Ranked... The 85th Infantry Division was activated on 15 May 1942. ... Incorporated Village in 1836. ... Official language(s) English Capital Springfield Largest city Chicago Area  Ranked 25th  - Total 0 sq mi (149,998 km²)  - Width 210 miles (340 km)  - Length 390 miles (629 km)  - % water 4. ... The 87th Infantry Division was a unit of the United States Army in World War I and World War II. World War I Saw no combat; was activated 25 August 1917, went overseas in September 1918, retained and was inactivated in January 1919. ... Nickname: The Magic City, Pittsburgh of the South, BHam, The Ham Location in Jefferson County in the state of Alabama Coordinates: Country United States State Alabama County Jefferson, Shelby Mayor Bernard Kincaid (D) Area    - City 151. ... Official language(s) English Capital Montgomery Largest city Birmingham Area  Ranked 30th  - Total 52,419 sq mi (135,765 km²)  - Width 190 miles (306 km)  - Length 330 miles (531 km)  - % water 3. ... The 91st Infantry Division was a unit of the United States Army in World War I and World War II. History The 91st Division has a proud history of military service dating back to World War 1. ... Fort Hunter Liggett, named after General Hunter Liggett, is a United States Army fort in southern Monterey County, California, about 250 miles (400 km) north of Los Angeles and 150 miles south of San Francisco. ... This article is about the U.S. state. ... The 95th Infantry Division was a unit of the United States Army in World War II. // World War II Activated: 15 July 1942. ... Downtown Oklahoma City The State Capitol of Oklahoma From The South Motto: Nickname: Capital of the New Century Founded 1889 Incorporated County Oklahoma County Cleveland County Canadian County Borough {{{borough}}} Parrish {{{parrish}}} Mayor Mick Cornett Area  - Total  - Water 1,608. ... Official language(s) None Capital Oklahoma City Largest city Oklahoma City Area  Ranked 20th  - Total 69,960 sq mi (181,196 km²)  - Width 230 miles (370 km)  - Length 298 miles (480 km)  - % water 1. ... The 98th Infantry Division was a unit of the United States Army in World War II. World War II Activated: 15 September 1942. ... Nickname: The Flour City, The Flower City, The Worlds Image Center Motto: Rochester: Made for Living Location of Rochester in New York State Country United States State New York County Monroe Mayor Robert Duffy Area    - City 37. ... This article is about the U.S. state. ... The 100th Division was a formation of the United States Army. ... The U.S. Bullion Depository at Ft. ... Official language(s) English[1] Capital Frankfort Largest city Louisville Area  Ranked 37th  - Total 40,444 sq mi (104,749 km²)  - Width 140 miles (225 km)  - Length 379 miles (610 km)  - % water 1. ... Shoulder sleeve patch of the United States Army 104th Infantry Division, the Timbelwolf Division. ... Fort Lewis is a census-designated place and U.S. Army post located in Pierce County, Washington. ... Official language(s) None Capital Olympia Largest city Seattle Area  Ranked 18th  - Total 71,342 sq mi (184,824 km²)  - Width 240 miles (385 km)  - Length 360 miles (580 km)  - % water 6. ... The 108th Division (Institutional Training) was a formation of the United States Army Reserve following the conclusion of World War II. At its activation, the formation was designated the 108th Airborne Division, but in 1952 was redesignated the 108th Infantry Division. ... Nickname: The Queen City, Hornets Nest Location in Mecklenburg County in the state of North Carolina Coordinates: Country United States State North Carolina Counties Mecklenburg County, North Carolina Mayor Pat McCrory, (R) Area    - City 280. ... Official language(s) English Capital Raleigh Largest city Charlotte Area  Ranked 28th  - Total 53,865 sq mi (139,509 km²)  - Width 150 miles (240 km)  - Length 560[1] miles (901 km)  - % water 9. ... The 100th Battalion, 442nd Infantry is the only infantry unit in the U.S. Army Reserve and combines the identities of two Second World War Japanese-American units, the 100th Infantry Battalion and the 442nd Regimental Combat Team. ...

Other components

See the Army of the United States for the conscription (US term:draft) force of the United States Army that may be raised at the discretion of the United States Congress in the event of the United States entering into a major armed conflict. The Army of the United States is the official name for the draft force of the United States Army that may be raised at the discretion of the United States Congress in the event of the United States entering into a major armed conflict. ... The United States has employed conscription (mandatory military service, also called the draft) several times, usually during war but also during the nominal peace of the Cold War. ... It has been suggested that United States Army values be merged into this article or section. ... Type Bicameral Houses Senate House of Representatives President of the Senate Dick Cheney, R, since January 20, 2001 Speaker of the House Dennis Hastert, R, since January 6, 1999 Members 535 plus 4 Delegates and 1 Resident Commissioner Political groups (as of January 4, 2005 elections) Democratic Party Republican Party...

See also

• United States Military
• Reserve Component of the Armed Forces of the United States
• Reserve Officers' Training Corps
• Uniformed Services Employment and Reemployment Rights Act

The armed forces of the United States of America consist of the United States Army United States Navy United States Air Force United States Marine Corps United States Coast Guard Note: The United States Coast Guard has both military and law enforcement functions. ... The Reserve Components of the Armed Forces of the United States are military organizations with members who generally perform a minimum of 39 days of military duty per year and who augment the active duty (or full time) military when necessary. ... The Reserve Officer Training Corps (ROTC) is a training program of the United States armed forces present on college campuses to recruit and educate commissioned officers. ... The Uniformed Services Employment and Reemployment Rights Act of 1994 (USERRA)[[1]] was signed into law by President Bill Clinton on October 13th, 1994 to protect the civilian employment of non-full time military servicemembers called to active duty. ...

References

• David Isby & Charles Kamps Jr, Armies of NATO's Central Front, Jane's Publishing Company, 1985

External links

• U.S. Army Reserve