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Encyclopedia > United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit

The United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit is a federal court located in Richmond, Virginia with appellate jurisdiction over the district courts in the following districts: The United States federal courts are the system of courts organized under the Constitution and laws of the federal government of the United States. ... Nickname: Motto: Sic Itur Ad Astra (Thus do we reach the stars) Location in the Commonwealth of Virginia Coordinates: , Country United States State Virginia County Independent City Government  - Mayor L. Douglas Wilder (I) Area  - City 62. ... An appellate court is a court that hears cases in which a lower court -- either a trial court or a lower-level appellate court — has already made some decision, which at least one party to the action wants to challenge based upon some legal grounds that are allowed to... In law, jurisdiction (from the Latin ius, iuris meaning law and dicere meaning to speak) is the practical authority granted to a formally constituted legal body or to a political leader to deal with and make pronouncements on legal matters and, by implication, to administer justice within a defined area... Map of the boundaries of the United States Courts of Appeals and United States District Courts The United States district courts are the general trial courts of the United States federal court system. ... For purposes of the federal judicial system, Congress has divided the United States into judicial districts. ...

The court is based at the Lewis F. Powell, Jr. U.S. Courthouse in Richmond, Virginia. With fifteen authorized judgeships (currently there are 11 active judges, two senior judges who continue to hear cases part-time, and two retired judges who no longer hear case) it is midsized among the thirteen United States courts of appeals. The court currently has four vacancies. Additionally, Judge H. Emory Widener, Jr. announced that he will take senior status as soon as his successor is confirmed. The United States District Court for the District of Maryland is the Federal district court whose jurisdiction is comprised of the state of Maryland. ... The U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of North Carolina is the U.S. District Court that serves the eastern 44 counties in North Carolina. ... The U.S. District Court for the Middle District of North Carolina 24 counties in the center of North Carolina. ... The United States District Court for the Western District of North Carolina is the Federal district court whose jurisdiction is comprised of the following counties: Alexander, Anson, Avery, Buncombe, Burke, Caldwell, Catawba, Cherokee, Clay, Cleveland, Gaston, Graham, Haywood, Henderson, Iredell, Jackson, Lincoln, Macon, Madison, McDowell, Mecklenburg, Mitchell, Polk, Rutherford, Swain... The United States District Court for the District of South Carolina is the Federal district court whose jurisdiction is comprised of the state of South Carolina. ... The United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia is a United States district court seated in the following locations in Virginia: Alexandria Newport News Norfolk Richmond The people are represented in this court by the United States Attorney for the Eastern District of Virginia. ... The United States District Court for the Western District of Virginia is a United States district court which is seated in the following locations in Virginia: Abingdon Big Stone Gap Charlottesville Danville Harrisonburg Lynchburg Roanoke The people are represented in this court by the United States Attorney for the Western... Lewis Franklin Powell, Jr. ... Nickname: Motto: Sic Itur Ad Astra (Thus do we reach the stars) Location in the Commonwealth of Virginia Coordinates: , Country United States State Virginia County Independent City Government  - Mayor L. Douglas Wilder (I) Area  - City 62. ... The United States courts of appeals (or circuit courts) are the mid-level appellate courts of the United States federal court system. ... Judge H. Emory Widener Jr. ...

Contents

Current composition of the court

As of J. Michael Luttig's resignation on May 10, 2006[1], the judges on the court are: 2006 is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... J. Michael Luttig (born in Tyler, Texas, June 13, 1954) is a judge on the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit, having been appointed to a newly created seat by President George H. W. Bush on April 23, 1991, and confirmed by the United States Senate on... is the 130th day of the year (131st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ...

# Title Judge Duty station Born Term of service Appointed by
Active Chief Senior
31 Chief Judge Karen J. Williams Orangeburg, SC 1951 1992–present 2007–present — G.H.W. Bush
22 Circuit Judge H. Emory Widener, Jr. Abingdon, VA 1923 1972–present — — Nixon
29 Circuit Judge James Harvie Wilkinson III Charlottesville, VA 1944 1984–present 1996–2003 — Reagan
32 Circuit Judge Paul V. Niemeyer Baltimore, MD 1941 1990–present — — G.H.W. Bush
36 Circuit Judge M. Blane Michael Charleston, WV 1943 1993–present — — Clinton
37 Circuit Judge Diana Jane Gribbon Motz Baltimore, MD 1943 1994–present — — Clinton
38 Circuit Judge William Byrd Traxler, Jr. Greenville, SC 1948 1998–present — — Clinton
39 Circuit Judge Robert Bruce King Charleston, WV 1940 1998–present — — Clinton
40 Circuit Judge Roger L. Gregory Richmond, VA 1953 2000(a)–present — — Clinton/G.W. Bush
41 Circuit Judge Dennis W. Shedd Columbia, SC 1953 2002–present — — G.W. Bush
42 Circuit Judge Allyson Kay Duncan Raleigh, NC 1951 2003–present — — G.W. Bush
— Circuit Judge (vacant - seat 7) (n/a) (n/a) (n/a) (n/a) (n/a) (n/a)
— Circuit Judge (vacant - seat 8) (n/a) (n/a) (n/a) (n/a) (n/a) (n/a)
— Circuit Judge (vacant - seat 11) (n/a) (n/a) (n/a) (n/a) (n/a) (n/a)
— Circuit Judge (vacant - seat 13) (n/a) (n/a) (n/a) (n/a) (n/a) (n/a)
24 Senior Circuit Judge James Dickson Phillips, Jr. (inactive) 1922 1978–1994 (none) 1994–present Carter
28 Senior Circuit Judge Robert Foster Chapman (inactive) 1926 1981–1991 (none) 1991–present Reagan
33 Senior Circuit Judge Clyde H. Hamilton Columbia, SC 1934 1991–1999 (none) 1999–present G.H.W. Bush
31 Senior Circuit Judge William Walter Wilkins Greenville, SC 1942 1986–present 2003–2007 2007– present Reagan


(a) Recess appointment by Bill Clinton, re-appointed by George W. Bush and confirmed by the Senate at a later date. Senior status is a form of semi-retirement for U.S. federal judges. ... Karen J. Williams, (born in Orangeburg, South Carolina, 1951) is a judge on the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit. ... Downtown Orangeburg, South Carolina downtown Orangeburg Orangeburg City Hall/Stevenson Municipal Auditorium Orangeburg, also known as The Garden City, is a city in Orangeburg County, South Carolina, United States. ... George Herbert Walker Bush (born June 12, 1924) was the 41st President of the United States, serving from 1989 to 1993. ... Judge H. Emory Widener Jr. ... Motto: Honor Pro Antiquis, Fides Pro Futuris Location in the Commonwealth of Virginia Coordinates: Country United States State Virginia County Washington Founded 1776  - Mayor Lois Humphreys Area    - City 21. ... Richard Milhous Nixon (January 9, 1913 – April 22, 1994) was the 37th President of the United States, serving from 1969 to 1974. ... James Harvie Wilkinson III (born in New York, New York, September 29, 1944) is a federal judge serving on the Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals. ... Nickname: C-Ville Location in the Commonwealth of Virginia Coordinates: Country United States State Virginia County Albemarle County Founded 1762  - Mayor David E. Brown Area    - City 26. ... Ronald Wilson Reagan (February 6, 1911 – June 5, 2004) was the 40th President of the United States (1981 – 1989) and the 33rd Governor of California (1967 – 1975). ... Paul Victor Niemeyer (born in Princeton, New Jersey on April 5, 1941) is a federal judge on the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit. ... Nickname: Motto: The Greatest City in America,[4] Get in on it. ... George Herbert Walker Bush (born June 12, 1924) was the 41st President of the United States, serving from 1989 to 1993. ... M. Blane Michael (born February 17, 1943) in Charleston, South Carolina) is a Circuit Judge on the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit. ... Nickname: Home of Hospitality, The most northern city of the South and the most southern city of the North, Chemicalville, The Capitol City C-Town Location of Charleston in West Virginia. ... William Jefferson Bill Clinton (born William Jefferson Blythe III[1] on August 19, 1946) was the 42nd President of the United States, serving from 1993 to 2001. ... Nickname: Motto: The Greatest City in America,[4] Get in on it. ... William Jefferson Bill Clinton (born William Jefferson Blythe III[1] on August 19, 1946) was the 42nd President of the United States, serving from 1993 to 2001. ... Location in South Carolina Coordinates: , County Greenville County Founded 1831 Government  - Mayor Knox White Area  - City 67. ... William Jefferson Bill Clinton (born William Jefferson Blythe III[1] on August 19, 1946) was the 42nd President of the United States, serving from 1993 to 2001. ... Nickname: Home of Hospitality, The most northern city of the South and the most southern city of the North, Chemicalville, The Capitol City C-Town Location of Charleston in West Virginia. ... William Jefferson Bill Clinton (born William Jefferson Blythe III[1] on August 19, 1946) was the 42nd President of the United States, serving from 1993 to 2001. ... Roger L. Gregory is a federal judge on the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit. ... Nickname: Motto: Sic Itur Ad Astra (Thus do we reach the stars) Location in the Commonwealth of Virginia Coordinates: , Country United States State Virginia County Independent City Government  - Mayor L. Douglas Wilder (I) Area  - City 62. ... William Jefferson Bill Clinton (born William Jefferson Blythe III[1] on August 19, 1946) was the 42nd President of the United States, serving from 1993 to 2001. ... George Walker Bush (born July 6, 1946) is the 43rd and current President of the United States, inaugurated on January 20, 2001. ... Dennis W. Shedd (born January 28, 1953 in Cordova, South Carolina) is a federal judge on the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit. ... Nickname: Coordinates: , Government  - Mayor Bob Coble, (D) Area  - City 346. ... George Walker Bush (born July 6, 1946) is the 43rd and current President of the United States, inaugurated on January 20, 2001. ... Allyson Kay Duncan (born September 5, 1951, in Durham, North Carolina) is a federal judge on the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit. ... Nickname: Motto: You Can See the Whole State from Here Map of Wake County, North Carolina Coordinates: , Country United States State North Carolina County Wake County i Founded 1792 Government  - Mayor Charles Meeker (D) Area  - City  134. ... George Walker Bush (born July 6, 1946) is the 43rd and current President of the United States, inaugurated on January 20, 2001. ... James Earl Jimmy Carter, Jr. ... Robert Foster Chapman (b. ... Ronald Wilson Reagan (February 6, 1911 – June 5, 2004) was the 40th President of the United States (1981 – 1989) and the 33rd Governor of California (1967 – 1975). ... Nickname: Coordinates: , Government  - Mayor Bob Coble, (D) Area  - City 346. ... George Herbert Walker Bush (born June 12, 1924) was the 41st President of the United States, serving from 1989 to 1993. ... Location in South Carolina Coordinates: , County Greenville County Founded 1831 Government  - Mayor Knox White Area  - City 67. ... Ronald Wilson Reagan (February 6, 1911 – June 5, 2004) was the 40th President of the United States (1981 – 1989) and the 33rd Governor of California (1967 – 1975). ...


Pending nominations

There are currently four vacancies on this court. In addition, Judge Widener has indicated his intention to assume senior status as soon as a successor is confirmed. There are no nominations pending for any of these seats at this time.


List of former judges

# Judge State Born/Died Term of service Appointed by Reason for
termination
Active Chief Senior
1 Hugh Lennox Bond MD 1828–1893 1891–1893 (none) (none) [2] death
2 Nathan Goff, Jr. WV 1843–1920 1892–1913 (none) (none) B. Harrison resignation
3 Charles Henry Simonton SC 1829–1904 1893–1904 (none) (none) Cleveland death
4 Jeter Connelly Pritchard DC 1857–1921 1904–1921 (none) (none) T. Roosevelt death
5 Charles Albert Woods SC 1852–1925 1913–1925 (none) (none) Wilson death
— Martin Augustine Knapp NY 1843–1923 1916–1923 (none) (none) [3] death
6 Edmund Waddill, Jr. VA 1855–1931 1921–1931 (none) (none) Harding death
7 John Carter Rose MD 1861–1927 1922–1927 (none) (none) Harding death
8 John J. Parker NC 1885–1958 1925[4]–1958 1948–1958 (none) Coolidge death
9 Elliott Northcott WV 1869–1946 1927[4]–1939 (none) 1939–1946 Coolidge death
10 Morris Ames Soper MD 1873–1963 1931[4]–1955 (none) 1955–1963 Hoover death
11 Armistead Mason Dobie VA 1881–1962 1939[4]–1956 (none) 1956–1962 F. Roosevelt death
12 Simon E. Sobeloff MD 1894–1973 1956–1970 1958–1964 1970–1973 Eisenhower death
13 Clement Furman Haynsworth, Jr. SC 1912–1989 1957–1981 1964–1981 1981–1989 Eisenhower death
14 Herbert Stephenson Boreman WV 1897–1982 1959–1971 (none) 1971–1982 Eisenhower death
15 Albert Vickers Bryan VA 1899–1984 1961–1972 (none) 1972–1984 Kennedy death
16 J. Spencer Bell NC 1906–1967 1961–1967 (none) (none) Kennedy death
17 Harrison Lee Winter MD 1921–1990 1966–1990 1981–1989 1990–1990 L. Johnson death
18 James Braxton Craven, Jr. NC 1918–1977 1966–1977 (none) (none) L. Johnson death
19 John D. Butzner, Jr. VA 1917–2006 1967–1982 (none) 1982–2006 L. Johnson death
20 Donald Stuart Russell SC 1906–1998 1971–1998 (none) (none) Nixon death
21 John A. Field, Jr. WV 1910–1995 1971–1976 (none) 1976–1995 Nixon death
23 Kenneth Keller Hall WV 1918–1999 1976–1998 (none) 1998–1999 Ford death
25 Francis Dominic Murnaghan, Jr. MD 1920–2000 1979–2000 (none) (none) Carter death
26 James Marshall Sprouse WV 1923–2004 1979–1992 (none) 1992–1995 Carter retirement
27 Samuel James Ervin III NC 1926–1999 1980–1999 1989–1996 (none) Carter death
30 Emory M. Sneeden DC 1927–1987 1984–1986 (none) (none) Reagan resignation
34 J. Michael Luttig VA 1954–present 1991–2006[1] (none) (none) G.H.W. Bush resignation

Senior status is a form of semi-retirement for U.S. federal judges. ... Official language(s) None (English, de facto) Capital Annapolis Largest city Baltimore Area  Ranked 42nd  - Total 12,407 sq mi (32,133 km²)  - Width 90 miles (145 km)  - Length 249 miles (400 km)  - % water 21  - Latitude 37°53N to 39°43N  - Longitude 75°4W to 79°33... Nathan Goff, Jr. ... Official language(s) English Capital Charleston Largest city Charleston Area  Ranked 41st  - Total 24,244 sq mi (62,809 km²)  - Width 130 miles (210 km)  - Length 240 miles (385 km)  - % water 0. ... Benjamin Harrison (August 20, 1833 – March 13, 1901) was the 23rd President of the United States, serving one term from 1889 to 1893. ... Official language(s) English Capital Charleston(1670-1789) Columbia(1790-present) Largest city Columbia Largest metro area Columbia Area  Ranked 40th  - Total 34,726 sq mi (82,965 km²)  - Width 200 miles (320 km)  - Length 260 miles (420 km)  - % water 6  - Latitude 32°430N to 35°12N... Stephen Grover Cleveland (March 18, 1837 – June 24, 1908) was the 22nd and 24th President of the United States, and the only President to serve two non-consecutive terms (1885–1889 and 1893–1897). ... Categories: Stub | 1857 births | 1921 deaths | United States Senators ... ... Theodore Roosevelt, Jr. ... Official language(s) English Capital Charleston(1670-1789) Columbia(1790-present) Largest city Columbia Largest metro area Columbia Area  Ranked 40th  - Total 34,726 sq mi (82,965 km²)  - Width 200 miles (320 km)  - Length 260 miles (420 km)  - % water 6  - Latitude 32°430N to 35°12N... Thomas Woodrow Wilson (December 28, 1856 – February 3, 1924), was the 28th President of the United States. ... NY redirects here. ... This article contains a trivia section. ... Warren Gamaliel Harding (November 2, 1865 – August 2, 1923) was an American politician and the 29th President of the United States, from 1921 to 1923, when he became the sixth president to die in office. ... Official language(s) None (English, de facto) Capital Annapolis Largest city Baltimore Area  Ranked 42nd  - Total 12,407 sq mi (32,133 km²)  - Width 90 miles (145 km)  - Length 249 miles (400 km)  - % water 21  - Latitude 37°53N to 39°43N  - Longitude 75°4W to 79°33... Warren Gamaliel Harding (November 2, 1865 – August 2, 1923) was an American politician and the 29th President of the United States, from 1921 to 1923, when he became the sixth president to die in office. ... John Johnston Parker (November 20, 1885 - March 17, 1958) was an American federal judge and an unsuccessful nominee to the United States Supreme Court. ... Official language(s) English Capital Raleigh Largest city Charlotte Area  Ranked 28th  - Total 53,865 sq mi (139,509 km²)  - Width 150 miles (240 km)  - Length 560[1] miles (901 km)  - % water 9. ... John Calvin Coolidge Jr. ... Official language(s) English Capital Charleston Largest city Charleston Area  Ranked 41st  - Total 24,244 sq mi (62,809 km²)  - Width 130 miles (210 km)  - Length 240 miles (385 km)  - % water 0. ... John Calvin Coolidge Jr. ... Official language(s) None (English, de facto) Capital Annapolis Largest city Baltimore Area  Ranked 42nd  - Total 12,407 sq mi (32,133 km²)  - Width 90 miles (145 km)  - Length 249 miles (400 km)  - % water 21  - Latitude 37°53N to 39°43N  - Longitude 75°4W to 79°33... Herbert Clark Hoover (August 10, 1874 – October 20, 1964), the 31st President of the United States (1929–1933), was a world-famous mining engineer and humanitarian administrator. ... This article contains a trivia section. ... FDR redirects here. ... Simon E. Sobeloff was born in Baltimore, Maryland, USA, December 3, 1894. ... Official language(s) None (English, de facto) Capital Annapolis Largest city Baltimore Area  Ranked 42nd  - Total 12,407 sq mi (32,133 km²)  - Width 90 miles (145 km)  - Length 249 miles (400 km)  - % water 21  - Latitude 37°53N to 39°43N  - Longitude 75°4W to 79°33... Dwight David Ike Eisenhower, born David Dwight Eisenhower (October 14, 1890 – March 28, 1969) was an American General and politician, who served as the thirty-fourth President of the United States (1953–1961). ... Clement Furman Haynsworth, Jr. ... Official language(s) English Capital Charleston(1670-1789) Columbia(1790-present) Largest city Columbia Largest metro area Columbia Area  Ranked 40th  - Total 34,726 sq mi (82,965 km²)  - Width 200 miles (320 km)  - Length 260 miles (420 km)  - % water 6  - Latitude 32°430N to 35°12N... Dwight David Ike Eisenhower, born David Dwight Eisenhower (October 14, 1890 – March 28, 1969) was an American General and politician, who served as the thirty-fourth President of the United States (1953–1961). ... Official language(s) English Capital Charleston Largest city Charleston Area  Ranked 41st  - Total 24,244 sq mi (62,809 km²)  - Width 130 miles (210 km)  - Length 240 miles (385 km)  - % water 0. ... Dwight David Ike Eisenhower, born David Dwight Eisenhower (October 14, 1890 – March 28, 1969) was an American General and politician, who served as the thirty-fourth President of the United States (1953–1961). ... This article contains a trivia section. ... John Fitzgerald Kennedy (May 29, 1917 – November 22, 1963), also referred to as John F. Kennedy, Kennedy, John Kennedy, Jack Kennedy, or JFK, was the 35th President of the United States. ... Official language(s) English Capital Raleigh Largest city Charlotte Area  Ranked 28th  - Total 53,865 sq mi (139,509 km²)  - Width 150 miles (240 km)  - Length 560[1] miles (901 km)  - % water 9. ... John Fitzgerald Kennedy (May 29, 1917 – November 22, 1963), also referred to as John F. Kennedy, Kennedy, John Kennedy, Jack Kennedy, or JFK, was the 35th President of the United States. ... Official language(s) None (English, de facto) Capital Annapolis Largest city Baltimore Area  Ranked 42nd  - Total 12,407 sq mi (32,133 km²)  - Width 90 miles (145 km)  - Length 249 miles (400 km)  - % water 21  - Latitude 37°53N to 39°43N  - Longitude 75°4W to 79°33... “LBJ” redirects here. ... Official language(s) English Capital Raleigh Largest city Charlotte Area  Ranked 28th  - Total 53,865 sq mi (139,509 km²)  - Width 150 miles (240 km)  - Length 560[1] miles (901 km)  - % water 9. ... “LBJ” redirects here. ... John Decker Butzner, Jr. ... This article contains a trivia section. ... “LBJ” redirects here. ... Donald Stuart Russell (February 22, 1906-February 22, 1998) was a Democratic Senator from South Carolina. ... Official language(s) English Capital Charleston(1670-1789) Columbia(1790-present) Largest city Columbia Largest metro area Columbia Area  Ranked 40th  - Total 34,726 sq mi (82,965 km²)  - Width 200 miles (320 km)  - Length 260 miles (420 km)  - % water 6  - Latitude 32°430N to 35°12N... Richard Milhous Nixon (January 9, 1913 – April 22, 1994) was the 37th President of the United States, serving from 1969 to 1974. ... Official language(s) English Capital Charleston Largest city Charleston Area  Ranked 41st  - Total 24,244 sq mi (62,809 km²)  - Width 130 miles (210 km)  - Length 240 miles (385 km)  - % water 0. ... Richard Milhous Nixon (January 9, 1913 – April 22, 1994) was the 37th President of the United States, serving from 1969 to 1974. ... Official language(s) English Capital Charleston Largest city Charleston Area  Ranked 41st  - Total 24,244 sq mi (62,809 km²)  - Width 130 miles (210 km)  - Length 240 miles (385 km)  - % water 0. ... this guy is awsome i played him in a school play he also has some pretty funky history Gerald Rudolph Ford, Jr. ... Official language(s) None (English, de facto) Capital Annapolis Largest city Baltimore Area  Ranked 42nd  - Total 12,407 sq mi (32,133 km²)  - Width 90 miles (145 km)  - Length 249 miles (400 km)  - % water 21  - Latitude 37°53N to 39°43N  - Longitude 75°4W to 79°33... James Earl Jimmy Carter, Jr. ... Official language(s) English Capital Charleston Largest city Charleston Area  Ranked 41st  - Total 24,244 sq mi (62,809 km²)  - Width 130 miles (210 km)  - Length 240 miles (385 km)  - % water 0. ... James Earl Jimmy Carter, Jr. ... Official language(s) English Capital Raleigh Largest city Charlotte Area  Ranked 28th  - Total 53,865 sq mi (139,509 km²)  - Width 150 miles (240 km)  - Length 560[1] miles (901 km)  - % water 9. ... James Earl Jimmy Carter, Jr. ... Emory Marlin Sneeden (May 30, 1927-1987), U.S. lawyer and federal judge, From 1984 to 1986, he served as a Judge on the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit. ... ... Ronald Wilson Reagan (February 6, 1911 – June 5, 2004) was the 40th President of the United States (1981 – 1989) and the 33rd Governor of California (1967 – 1975). ... J. Michael Luttig (born in Tyler, Texas, June 13, 1954) is a judge on the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit, having been appointed to a newly created seat by President George H. W. Bush on April 23, 1991, and confirmed by the United States Senate on... This article contains a trivia section. ... Order: 41st President Vice President: Dan Quayle Term of office: January 20, 1989 – January 20, 1993 Preceded by: Ronald Reagan Succeeded by: Bill Clinton Date of birth: June 12, 1924 Place of birth: Milton, Massachusetts First Lady: Barbara Pierce Bush Political party: Republican George Herbert Walker Bush, KBE (born...

Chief judges

Chief Judge
Parker 1948–1958
Sobeloff 1958–1964
Haynsworth 1964–1981
Winter 1981–1989
Ervin 1989–1996
Wilkinson 1996–2003
Wilkins 2003–2007
Williams 2007–present

In order to qualify for the office of Chief Judge, a judge must have been in active service on the court for at least one year, be under the age of 65, and have not previously served as Chief Judge. A vacancy in the office of Chief Judge is filled by the judge highest in seniority among the group of qualified judges. The Chief Judge serves for a term of seven years or until age 70, whichever occurs first. The age restrictions are waived if no members of the court would otherwise be qualified for the position. Unlike the Chief Justice of the United States, a Chief Judge returns to active service after the expiration of his or her term and does not create a vacancy on the bench by the fact of his or her promotion. See 28 U.S.C. § 45. Federal courts Supreme Court Chief Justice Associate Justices Elections Presidential elections Midterm elections Political Parties Democratic Republican Third parties State & Local government Governors Legislatures (List) State Courts Counties, Cities, and Towns Other countries Politics Portal      The Chief Justice of the United States is the head of the judicial branch of... The United States Code (U.S.C.) is a compilation and codification of the general and permanent federal law of the United States. ...


The above rules have applied since October 1, 1982. The office of Chief Judge was created in 1948 and until August 6, 1959 was filled by the longest-serving judge who had not elected to retire on what has since 1958 been known as senior status or declined to serve as Chief Judge. From then until 1982 it was filled by the senior such judge who had not turned 70.
is the 274th day of the year (275th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1982 (MCMLXXXII) was a common year starting on Friday (link displays the 1982 Gregorian calendar). ... is the 218th day of the year (219th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1959 (MCMLIX) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Senior status is a form of semi-retirement for U.S. federal judges. ...


Succession of seats

The court has fifteen seats for active judges, numbered in the order in which they were filled. Judges who retire into senior status remain on the bench but leave their seat vacant. That seat is filled by the next circuit judge appointed by the President. Senior status is a form of semi-retirement for U.S. federal judges. ... The presidential seal is a well-known symbol of the presidency. ...

Seat 1
Established on December 10, 1869 by the Judiciary Act of 1869 as a circuit judgeship for the Fourth Circuit
Reassigned on June 16, 1891 to the United States Circuit Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit by the Judiciary Act of 1891
Bond MD 1891–1893
Simonton SC 1893–1904
Pritchard DC 1904–1921
Waddill VA 1921–1931
Soper MD 1931–1955
Sobeloff MD 1956–1970
Russell SC 1971–1998
Traxler SC 1998–present
Seat 2
Established on June 16, 1891 by the Judiciary Act of 1891
Goff WV 1892–1913
Woods SC 1913–1925
Parker NC 1925–1958
Boreman WV 1959–1971
Field WV 1971–1976
Hall WV 1976–1998
King WV 1998–present
Seat 3
Established on September 14, 1922 by 42 Stat. 837
Rose MD 1922–1927
Northcott WV 1927–1939
Dobie VA 1939–1956
Haynsworth SC 1957–1981
Chapman SC 1981–1991
Williams SC 1992–present
Seat 4
Established on May 19, 1961 by 75 Stat. 80
Bryan VA 1961–1972
Widener VA 1972–present
Seat 5
Established on May 19, 1961 by 75 Stat. 80
Bell NC 1961–1967
Butzner VA 1967–1982
Wilkinson VA 1984–present
Seat 6
Established on March 18, 1966 by 80 Stat. 75
Winter MD 1966–1990
Niemeyer MD 1990–present
Seat 7
Established on March 18, 1966 by 80 Stat. 75
Craven NC 1966–1977
Phillips NC 1978–1994
(vacant) (n/a) 1994–present
Seat 8
Established on October 20, 1978 by 92 Stat. 1629
Murnaghan MD 1979–2000
(vacant) (n/a) 2000–present
Seat 9
Established on October 20, 1978 by 92 Stat. 1629
Sprouse WV 1979–1992
Michael WV 1993–present
Seat 10
Established on October 20, 1978 by 92 Stat. 1629
Ervin NC 1980–1999
Duncan NC 2003–present
Seat 11
Established on July 10, 1984 by 98 Stat. 333
Sneeden DC 1984–1986
Wilkins SC 1986–2007
(vacant) (n/a) 2007–present
Seat 12
Established on December 1, 1990 by 104 Stat. 5089
Hamilton SC 1991–1999
Shedd SC 2002–present
Seat 13
Established on December 1, 1990 by 104 Stat. 5089
Luttig VA 1991–2006
(vacant) (n/a) 2006–present
Seat 14
Established on December 1, 1990 by 104 Stat. 5089
Motz MD 1994–present
Seat 15
Established on December 1, 1990 by 104 Stat. 5089
Gregory VA 2000–present

December 10 is the 344th day (345th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar, 21 days before the next year. ... 1869 (MDCCCLXIX) is a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Sunday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar. ... This page is about Judiciary Acts in the United States of America. ... The United States Courts of Appeals (or circuit courts) are the mid-level appellate courts of the United States federal court system. ... June 16 is the 167th day of the year (168th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1891 (MDCCCXCI) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Saturday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... This page is about Judiciary Acts in the United States of America. ... June 16 is the 167th day of the year (168th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1891 (MDCCCXCI) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Saturday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... This page is about Judiciary Acts in the United States of America. ... September 14 is the 257th day of the year (258th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1922 (MCMXXII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar). ... is the 139th day of the year (140th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1961 (MCMLXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (the link is to a full 1961 calendar). ... is the 139th day of the year (140th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1961 (MCMLXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (the link is to a full 1961 calendar). ... is the 77th day of the year (78th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1966 (MCMLXVI) was a common year starting on Saturday (the link is to a full 1966 calendar). ... is the 77th day of the year (78th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1966 (MCMLXVI) was a common year starting on Saturday (the link is to a full 1966 calendar). ... October 20 is the 293rd day of the year (294th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1978 (MCMLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1978 Gregorian calendar). ... October 20 is the 293rd day of the year (294th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1978 (MCMLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1978 Gregorian calendar). ... October 20 is the 293rd day of the year (294th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1978 (MCMLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1978 Gregorian calendar). ... is the 191st day of the year (192nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1984 (MCMLXXXIV) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1984 Gregorian calendar). ... December 1 is the 335th (in leap years the 336th) day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1990 (MCMXC) was a common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1990 Gregorian calendar). ... December 1 is the 335th (in leap years the 336th) day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1990 (MCMXC) was a common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1990 Gregorian calendar). ... December 1 is the 335th (in leap years the 336th) day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1990 (MCMXC) was a common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1990 Gregorian calendar). ... December 1 is the 335th (in leap years the 336th) day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1990 (MCMXC) was a common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1990 Gregorian calendar). ...

Trivia

  • The Fourth Circuit has never seen one of its judges promoted to the Supreme Court of the United States. Judges Wilkinson and Luttig were long considered to be front-runners for a justiceship if a vacancy arose during the George W. Bush presidential administration, but Bush did not appoint either of them to the two vacancies that arose in 2005. Luttig has since resigned from the bench.
  • Since the days of John Marshall, the Chief Justice of the United States has been the Circuit Justice for the Fourth Circuit.
  • The Fourth Circuit's Courthouse in Richmond, Virginia housed the treasury of the Confederacy during the American Civil War, and Jefferson Davis's office was located in the building. After the war, Davis was arraigned in the building, although he was never tried.
  • The Fourth is widely regarded as the most ideologically conservative court in the federal appellate system. It is also the most efficient circuit, taking an average of just over seven months to resolve each appeal.
  • The Fourth Circuit is considered an extremely collegial court. By tradition, the Judges of the Fourth Circuit come down from the bench following each oral argument to greet the lawyers.[citation needed]

Federal courts Supreme Court Chief Justice Associate Justices Elections Presidential elections Midterm elections Political Parties Democratic Republican Third parties State & Local government Governors Legislatures (List) State Courts Counties, Cities, and Towns Other countries Politics Portal      The Supreme Court of the United States (SCOTUS) is the highest judicial body in the... George Walker Bush (born July 6, 1946) is the 43rd and current President of the United States, inaugurated on January 20, 2001. ... John Marshall (September 24, 1755 – July 6, 1835) was an American statesman and jurist who shaped American constitutional law and made the Supreme Court a center of power. ... Federal courts Supreme Court Chief Justice Associate Justices Elections Presidential elections Midterm elections Political Parties Democratic Republican Third parties State & Local government Governors Legislatures (List) State Courts Counties, Cities, and Towns Other countries Politics Portal      The Chief Justice of the United States is the head of the judicial branch of... Nickname: Motto: Sic Itur Ad Astra (Thus do we reach the stars) Location in the Commonwealth of Virginia Coordinates: , Country United States State Virginia County Independent City Government  - Mayor L. Douglas Wilder (I) Area  - City 62. ... Motto Deo Vindice (Latin: Under God, Our Vindicator) Anthem (none official) God Save the South (unofficial) The Bonnie Blue Flag (unofficial) Dixie (unofficial) Capital Montgomery, Alabama (until May 29, 1861) Richmond, Virginia (May 29, 1861–April 2, 1865) Danville, Virginia (from April 3, 1865) Language(s) English (de facto) Religion... Combatants United States of America (Union) Confederate States of America (Confederacy) Commanders Abraham Lincoln, Ulysses S. Grant Jefferson Davis, Robert E. Lee Strength 2,200,000 1,064,000 Casualties 110,000 killed in action, 360,000 total dead, 275,200 wounded 93,000 killed in action, 258,000 total... Jefferson Finis Davis (June 3, 1808 – December 6, 1889) was an American politician who served as President of the Confederate States of America for its entire history from 1861 to 1865 during the American Civil War. ... Oral arguments are verbal presentations to a judge or appellate court by a lawyer (or the party when representing themselves) of the legal reasons why they should prevail. ...

See also

The appointment of federal judges has become viewed as a political process in the last several decades. ...

Notes

  1. ^ a b Markon, Jerry. "Appeals Court Judge Leaves Life Appointment for Boeing", Washington Post, The Washington Post Company, 2006-05-11, p. A11. Retrieved on 2006-05-21. 
  2. ^ Bond was appointed as a circuit judge for the Fourth Circuit in 1870 by Ulysses S. Grant. The Judiciary Act of 1891 reassigned his seat to what is now the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit.
  3. ^ Knapp did not have a permanent seat on this court. Instead, he was appointed to the ill-fated United States Commerce Court in 1910 by William Howard Taft. Aside from their duties on the Commerce Court, the judges of the Commerce Court also acted as at-large appellate judges, able to be assigned by the Chief Justice of the United States to whichever circuit most needed help. Knapp was assigned to the Second Circuit immediately prior to his assignment to the Fourth Circuit.
  4. ^ a b c d Recess appointment, confirmed by the Senate at a later date.

The Washington Post Company is an American media company, best known for owning the newspaper it is named after, The Washington Post, and Newsweek magazine. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... May 11 is the 131st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (132nd in leap years). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... May 21 is the 141st day of the year (142nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The United States Courts of Appeals (or circuit courts) are the mid-level appellate courts of the United States federal court system. ... 1870 (MDCCCLXX) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Ulysses S. Grant[2] (born Hiram Ulysses Grant, April 27, 1822 – July 23, 1885) was an American general and the 18th President of the United States (1869–1877). ... This page is about Judiciary Acts in the United States of America. ... The Commerce Court of the United States was a brief-lived federal trial court. ... Year 1910 (MCMX) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Friday [1] of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... William Howard Taft (September 15, 1857 – March 8, 1930) was an American politician, the 27th President of the United States, the 10th Chief Justice of the United States, a leader of the progressive conservative wing of the Republican Party in the early 20th century, a pioneer in international arbitration and... Federal courts Supreme Court Chief Justice Associate Justices Elections Presidential elections Midterm elections Political Parties Democratic Republican Third parties State & Local government Governors Legislatures (List) State Courts Counties, Cities, and Towns Other countries Politics Portal      The Chief Justice of the United States is the head of the judicial branch of...

References

  • Fourth Circuit Judges. Official website of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit. Retrieved on June 1, 2005.
    • source for the phone numbers for the duty stations
    • indicates which senior judges are inactive
  • Google Phone Book. Google. Retrieved on June 1, 2005.
    • ties duty station phone numbers to duty stations (incomplete coverage)
  • Obituaries: John Decker Butzner Jr.. Website of the Charlottesville Daily Progress. Retrieved on January 28, 2006.
    • source for Butzner's death
  • Standard Search. Federal Law Clerk Information System. Retrieved on June 1, 2005.
    • source for the duty stations (incomplete coverage)
  • U. S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit. Official website of the Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved on June 1, 2005.
    • source for the state, lifetime, term of active judgeship, term of chief judgeship, term of senior judgeship, appointer, termination reason, and seat information

June 1 is the 152nd day of the year (153rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... June 1 is the 152nd day of the year (153rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... January 28 is the 28th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... June 1 is the 152nd day of the year (153rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... June 1 is the 152nd day of the year (153rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

External links

Navigation

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  Results from FactBites:
 
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Accordingly, we affirm the judgment of the district court.
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The Court's attempt to distinguish Burgett, Tucker, and Loper on the ground that the validity of the subsequent convictions or sentences in those cases depended on the reliability of the prior uncounseled felony convictions, while in the present case the law focuses on the mere fact of the prior conviction, is unconvincing.
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