The United States federal courts are the system of courts organized under the Page I of the Constitution of the United States of America Page II of the United States Constitution Page III of the United States Constitution Page IV of the United States Constitution The Constitution of the United States is the supreme law of the United States of America and is... Constitution and laws of the federal government of the The United States of America — also referred to as the United States, the U.S.A., the U.S., America¹, the States, or (archaically) Columbia — is a federal republic of 50 states located primarily in central North America (with the exception of two states: Alaska and Hawaii... United States. They are a branch of the The U.S. Constitution, adopted in 1789 by a constitutional convention, sets down the basic framework of American government in its seven articles. The constitution replaced the confederate system of the Articles of Confederation (in force from 1781 to 1788). The Constitution is currently on display at the National Archives... Federal government of the United States, and include The United States district courts are the general trial courts of the United States federal court system. Both civil and criminal cases are filed in the district court, which is a court of both law and equity. There is a United States bankruptcy court in each U.S. district court... United States District Courts, The United States Courts of Appeals (or circuit courts) are the mid-level appellate courts of the United States federal court system. A court of appeals decides appeals from the district courts within its federal judicial circuit, and in some instances from other designated federal courts and administrative agencies. The... United States Courts of Appeals, the The Supreme Court Building, Washington, D.C. The Supreme Court Building, Washington, D.C., (large image) The Supreme Court of the United States, located in Washington, D.C., is the highest court (see supreme court) in the United States; that is, it has ultimate judicial authority within the United States... United States Supreme Court, and various specialized courts such as the In the United States, Federal courts have exclusive jurisdiction over bankruptcy cases. Bankruptcy cases cannot be filed in state court. Each of the 94 federal judicial districts handles bankruptcy matters. The overwhelming majority of all proceedings in bankruptcy are held before a United States bankruptcy judge, whose decision in all... United States bankruptcy courts, the United States Tax Court, and the Court of International Claims. The The United States Marshals Service, part of the United States Department of Justice, is the United States oldest federal law enforcement agency. Their mission is to protect the Federal courts and ensure the effective operation of the judicial system. Duties Since 1789, U.S. Marshals and their Deputies have provided... U.S. Marshals Service is responsible for providing protection for the federal judiciary and transporting federal prisoners.

Article III of the of United States Constitution requires the establishment of a Supreme Court, and permits the The Congress of the United States is the legislative branch of the federal government of the United States of America. It is established by Article One of the Constitution of the United States, which also deliniates its structure and powers. Congress is a bicameral legislature, consisting of the House of... U.S. Congress to create other federal courts, and place limitations on their jurisdiction. The first Congress immediately established a system of lower federal courts through the ... Judiciary Act of 1789.

The Federal The United States district courts are the general trial courts of the United States federal court system. Both civil and criminal cases are filed in the district court, which is a court of both law and equity. There is a United States bankruptcy court in each U.S. district court... District Courts are the general federal trial courts, although in many cases Congress has passed statutes which divert original jurisdiction to the above-mentioned specialized courts or to administrative law judges (ALJs). In such cases, the federal district courts have jurisdiction to hear appeals from such lower bodies.

The Federal The United States Courts of Appeals (or circuit courts) are the mid-level appellate courts of the United States federal court system. A court of appeals decides appeals from the district courts within its federal judicial circuit, and in some instances from other designated federal courts and administrative agencies. The... Courts of Appeals are the intermediate appellate courts. They operate under a system of mandatory review which means they must hear all appeals from the lower courts.

Finally, the The Supreme Court Building, Washington, D.C. The Supreme Court Building, Washington, D.C., (large image) The Supreme Court of the United States, located in Washington, D.C., is the highest court (see supreme court) in the United States; that is, it has ultimate judicial authority within the United States... United States Supreme Court is the court of last resort. It generally operates under discretionary review, meaning that it can pick and choose cases (through grants of writ of In English Law certiorari (Latin, to inform) is a public law relief (i.e. something for which you ask the court in order to deal with an action of the Government, council or other (quasi)_governmental organisation.) See judicial review and writ. An order of certiorari is given by a... certiorari) and hear only the non-frivolous appeals that present truly novel issues. In a few odd situations (like lawsuits between state governments) it sits as a court of original jurisdiction and must hear the case.

The Supreme Court has interpreted the Constitution as placing some additional restrictions on the federal courts. For example, the doctrines of ripeness and standing prohibit district courts from issuing advisory opinions.