Franconia, east of the Rhine (with the cities of Mainz, Speyer and Worms on the west bank), was part of the Eastern Frankish kingdom, Austrasia.
Rhenish Franconia (Rheinfranken), which gave the empire the Franconian or Salian dynasty of Emperors (1024–1125; Conrad II, Henry III, Henry IV and Henry V), was virtually an empty title held by the Ottonian emperors until 1024, when Conrad, the Salian count of Speyer and of Worms, became emperor.
In 1115 Emperor Henry V awarded the territory of Eastern Franconia (Ostfranken) to his nephew Conrad of Hohenstaufen, who used the title "Duke of Franconia"; as the Hohenstaufen were increasingly preoccupied in Sicily, however, it came increasingly under the control of the bishops of Würzburg, whose rights were formalized in 1168.