Urban guerrilla refers to someone who fights a government using unconventional warfare in an urban environment. During the Cold War, many were on the left-wing of the political spectrum. However, nothing in armed struggle makes it inherently left or right-wing. In recent years, it has been used by right-wing Islamist forces or nationalists (i.e. insurgents in Iraq). Unconventional warfare (UW) is the opposite of conventional warfare. ... An urban area is a term used to define an area where there is an increased density of human-created structures in comparison to the areas surrounding it. ... For other uses, see Cold War (disambiguation). ... In politics, left-wing, political left, leftism, or simply the left, are terms which refer (with no particular precision) to the segment of the political spectrum typically associated with any of several strains of socialism, social democracy, or liberalism (especially in the American sense of the word), or with opposition... Guerrilla War redirects here. ... In politics, right-wing, the political right, or simply the right, are terms which refer, with no particular precision, to the segment of the political spectrum in opposition to left-wing politics. ... Islamism is a political ideology derived from the conservative religious views of Muslim fundamentalism. ... Nationalism is an ideology that creates and sustains a nation as a concept of a common identity for groups of humans. ... The Iraqi insurgency is the armed resistance by diverse groups within Iraq to the US occupation of Iraq and to the U.S.-supported Iraqi government. ...

Theory of urban guerilla

The urban guerrilla phenomenon is essentially one of industrialised society, resting both on the presence of large urban agglomerations where hideouts are easy to found and on a theory of alienation proper to the modern society of mass consumption. A factory in Ilmenau (Germany) around 1860 Industrialization or an Industrial Revolution is a process of social and economic change whereby a human society is transformed from a pre-industrial (an economy where the amount of capital accumulated per capita is low) to an industrial state (see Pre-industrial society). ... In the study of human settlements, an agglomeration is an extended city or town area comprising the built-up area of a central place (usually a municipality) and any suburbs or adjacent satellite towns. ... Look up alienation, alienate in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... It has been suggested that affluenza and anti-consumerism be merged into this article or section. ...

Historical examples

Historical examples include the Weathermen and the Symbionese Liberation Army (SLA) in the United States, the FLQ in Canada, the Red Army Fraction (RAF) in West Germany, the Red Brigades (BR) in Italy, the Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) in Northern Ireland, ETA in the Basque region of Spain, the Tupamaros in Uruguay, the Movimiento de Izquierda Revolucionaria (MIR) in Chile and the Ejército Revolucionario del Pueblo (ERP) in Argentina. The PLO and Hezbollah in Lebanon, groups such as Hamas in the Palestinian territories, and the insurgent forces in Iraq are other examples. However, not all urban political violence can be labeled as urban guerrilla. The Black Panther Party might not qualify, due to its public nature, although its policy of "self-defense" was interchangeable with a policy of armed struggle in "militarily occupied" African American communities. Similarly the Italian Autonomia movement, and the German Autonomen engaged in urban political violence, but not as urban guerrillas due to their policies of public, mass and non-deadly violence. John Jacobs and Terry Robbins at the Days of Rage, Chicago, October 1969 (Photo credit: David Fenton; publicity photo for film Weather Underground) Weatherman, known colloquially as the Weathermen and later the Weather Underground Organization, was a U.S. Radical Left organization consisting of splintered-off members and leaders of... The Symbionese Liberation Army was an American paramilitary group that considered itself to be a revolutionary vanguard army and was a proponent of radical ideology. ... The Front de Libération du Québec (Quebec Liberation Front), commonly known as the FLQ, was a separatist group founded in the 1960s and based primarily in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. ... Redirect: Red Army Faction ... Banner of the Red Brigades The Red Brigades (Brigate Rosse in Italian, often abbreviated as BR) are a militant leftist terrorist group located in Italy. ... A Republican mural in Belfast depicting the hunger strikes of 1981. ... Motto:  (Latin for Who will separate us?)[1] Anthem: UK: God Save the Queen Regional: (de facto) Londonderry Air Capital Belfast Largest city Belfast Official language(s) English (de facto), Ulster Scots, Irish3, Northern Ireland Sign Language, Irish Sign Language Government Constitutional monarchy  - Queen Queen Elizabeth II  - Prime Minister of... For other uses, see ETA (disambiguation). ... Basque may refer to: Look up Basque in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Tupamaros, also known as the MLN (Movimiento de Liberación Nacional or National Liberation Army), was an urban guerrilla organization in Uruguay in the 1960s and 1970s. ... Movimiento de Izquierda Revolucionaria (MIR) (Movement of the Revolutionary Left) is a Chilean political party. ... The Ejército Revolucionario del Pueblo (ERP) was the military branch of the PRT (Partido Revolucionario de los Trabajadores, or Workers Revolutionary Party) in Argentina. ... The Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) (Arabic Munazzamat al-Tahrir Filastiniyyah منظمة تحرير فلسطينية ) is a political and paramilitary organization of Palestinian Arabs dedicated to the establishment of an independent Palestinian state to consist of the... This article is becoming very long. ... Hamas (Arabic: ‎; acronym: Arabic: ‎, or Harakat al-Muqawama al-Islamiyya or Islamic Resistance Movement; the Arabic acronym means zeal) is a Palestinian Sunni Islamist organization that currently (since January 2006) forms the majority party of the Palestinian National Authority. ... The Iraqi insurgency is the armed resistance by diverse groups within Iraq to the US occupation of Iraq and to the U.S.-supported Iraqi government. ... This article is about the American political organization. ... ... ...

At the start of her trial in 1974, when Patty Hearst, involved with the Symbionese Liberation Army, was asked her occupation, she said she was an urban guerrilla. 1974 (MCMLXXIV) was a common year starting on Tuesday. ... Hearst posing for a Symbionese Liberation Army publicity photo Patricia Campbell Hearst (born February 20, 1954), now known as Patricia Hearst Shaw, is an American newspaper heiress and occasional actress. ...

In the 1970s BBC comedy "Citizen Smith" Wolfie Smith, the leader of the fictional "Tooting Popular Front" described himself as an Urban Guerilla.

See also

• Guerrilla warfare and unconventional warfare
• Insurgency and Counterinsurgency
• Terrorism, Counter-terrorism and anti-terrorist legislation
• Propaganda of the deed
• Strategy of tension
• State of exception
• False flag attacks

Look up guerrilla in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Unconventional warfare (UW) is the opposite of conventional warfare. ... An insurgency, or insurrection, is an armed uprising, or revolt against an established civil or political authority. ... Counter-insurgency is the combatting of insurgency, by the government (or allies) of the territory in which the insurgency takes place. ... Terrorist redirects here. ... Counter-terrorism refers to the practices, tactics, and strategies that governments, militaries, and other groups adopt in order to fight terrorism. ... Anti-terrorism legislation designs all types of laws passed in the purported aim of fighting terrorism. ... Propaganda of the deed (or propaganda by the deed, from the French propagande par le fait) is a concept of anarchist origin, which appeared towards the end of the 19th century, that promoted terrorism against political enemies as a way of inspiring the masses and catalyzing revolution. ... The strategy of tension (Italian: strategia della tensione) is a way to control and manipulate public opinion using fear, propaganda, disinformation, psychological warfare, agents provocateurs, false flag terrorism actions and even terroristic actions. ... ... False flag operations are covert operations conducted by governments, corporations, or other organizations, which are designed to appear as if they are being carried out by other entities. ...

External links

• Minimanual of the Urban Guerrilla by Carlos Marighella (1911-1969)
• The Concept of the Urban Guerrilla by Ulrike Meinhof (1934-1976)