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Encyclopedia > Urquhart Castle
Urquhart Castle, main tower
Urquhart Castle, main tower

Urquhart Castle (57°19′27″N, 4°26′41″W; Ordnance Survey grid reference NH530286) sits beside Loch Ness in Scotland along the A82 road, between Fort William and Inverness. It is close to the village of Drumnadrochit. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1000x750, 554 KB) A photo I took: Urquhart castle, main tower, Scotland File links The following pages link to this file: Urquhart Castle ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1000x750, 554 KB) A photo I took: Urquhart castle, main tower, Scotland File links The following pages link to this file: Urquhart Castle ... Part of an Ordnance Survey map at 1 inch to the mile scale from 1945 Ordnance Survey (OS) is an executive agency of the United Kingdom government. ... The British national grid reference system is a system of geographic grid references commonly used in Great Britain, different from using latitude or longitude. ... This page is about the body of water in Scotland. ... Motto: (Latin for No one provokes me with impunity)1 Anthem: Multiple unofficial anthems Capital Edinburgh Largest city Glasgow Official language(s) English, Gaelic, Scots 2 Government Constitutional monarchy  - Queen Queen Elizabeth II  - Prime Minister of the UK Tony Blair MP  - First Minister Jack McConnell MSP Unification    - by Kenneth I... The A82 is the major road to the western Scottish Highlands, running from Glasgow to Inverness. ... Fort William from Loch Linnhe Fort William is the largest town in the western Scottish Highlands (in the Highland unitary authority), and a major tourist centre. ... Inverness (Inbhir Nis in Scottish Gaelic) is the only city in the Highland council area and the Highlands of Scotland. ... Drumnadrochit is a village in the Scottish Highlands, on the West shore of Loch Ness. ...


The earliest history of the castle may begin in the time of St. Columba in the 6th century, when the predecessor of the castle may have been mentioned in Adomnán's Life of Columba: it is probably the site called Airchartdan, visited by Columba in the latter half of the sixth century during one of his visits to King Brude son of Maelchon of the northern Picts. Columba took the opportunity to convert Emchath, who was on his deathbed (Anderson & Anderson 1991, 202-3), and his son Virolec to Christianity. Unfortunately, Adomnán’s text gives no specific link to the castle and the location of the episode is described as being the agrum of Airchartdan. This probably means the estate and certainly does not refer to the settlement in which Columba stayed. In view of the use of the term agrum, it would be as easy to see Drumnadrochit as the location of Emchath's residence as there is no mention of a fortified structure. However, one of the radiocarbon dates obtained by the late Professor Leslie Alcock in his 1983 excavations within the castle was in the range 460-660 AD. It is thus probable that there was a fortified settlement on Strone Point during the time that Columba visited the area, and it is reasonable to assume that this would have been the home of Emchath. No other noble is mentioned in this episode, so it is probable that Columba stayed at Urquhart Castle on his way to visit Brude at Craig Phadraig, Inverness. Saint Columba (7 December 521 - 9 June 597) is sometimes referred to as Columba of Iona, or, in Old Irish, as Saint Colm Cille or Columcille (meaning Dove of the church). He was the outstanding figure among the Gaelic missionary monks who reintroduced Christianity to Scotland during the Dark Ages. ... Bridei (or Brude), called MacMaelchon, was king of the Picts from 556 to 586 after the abdication of his cousin, Galam II. He was baptised by St Columba about 564. ... A replica of the Hilton of Cadboll Stone. ... St Francis Xavier converting the Paravas: a 19th-century image of the docile heathen Ansgar, the 9th century apostle of the North in an 1830 drawing. ... Christianity is a monotheistic[1] religion centered on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth as presented in the New Testament. ...


It is not known precisely when the castle was built, but records show the existence of a castle on this site from the early 1200s. The area had been granted to the Durward family in 1229, and they were probably the builders of the castle. It was certainly in existence in 1296, as it was captured by Edward I of England at this time. Sir Robert Lauder was Constable of Urquhart Castle in 1329, and his grandson Robert Chisholm succeeded him in 1359. The castle was seized from the Crown in the mid-fifteenth century by the Earl of Ross, but recovered shortly afterwards. In 1509,it was given as a gift to the Grants, whose ownership lasted until 1912. During this period, the MacDonalds captured the castle in 1545, while it was also captured by a Covenanter force in 1644. The castle was then partially destroyed in 1692 by Williamite troops who had been holding the castle against Jacobite forces (Gifford 1992, 217). The intention was to ensure that the castle could not become a Jacobite stronghold, an intention that was fully achieved as the castle was never repaired and remained as a ruin. Centuries: 12th century - 13th century - 14th century Decades: 1150s 1160s 1170s 1180s 1190s - 1200s - 1210s 1220s 1230s 1240s 1250s Years: 1200 1201 1202 1203 1204 1205 1206 1207 1208 1209 Events and Trends 1200 University of Paris receives charter from Philip II of France 1202-1204 Fourth Crusade - diverted to... Edward I (17 June 1239 – 7 July 1307), popularly known as Longshanks[1] and the Hammer of the Scots,[2] achieved fame as the monarch who conquered Wales and who kept Scotland under English domination during his lifetime. ... Clan Chisholm Crest: I Am Fierce With The Fierce Clan Chisholm is a Scottish clan. ... The title Earl of Ross has existed in both Scotland and Ireland, although it is most commonly associated with the former. ... Jacobite refers to: A follower of Jacobitism, the political movement dedicated to the return of the Stuart kings to the thrones of England and Scotland A member of the Jacobite Orthodox Church of Syria. ...


The castle is now owned by the National Trust for Scotland, having been given as a gift to NTS in 2003 by Mrs Eila Chewett of Bushey Heath, Hertfordshire, and run by Historic Scotland as a site within the Guardianship of Scottish Ministers. It is Historic Scotland's 3rd busiest site. In 2000-1, Historic Scotland undertook a major construction programme to create a proper visitor centre at the site, and improve the parking. The standard of the NTS The National Trust for Scotland, or NTS, describes itself as The conservation charity that protects and promotes Scotlands natural and cultural heritage for present and future generations to enjoy. ... Historic Scotland is the Scottish agency looking after historic monuments. ...


References

  • Alcock, Leslie & Alcock, Elizabeth A., 1992: 'Reconnaissance excavations on Early Historic fortifications and other royal sites in Scotland, 1974-84: 5: A, Excavations & other fieldwork at Forteviot, Perthshire, 1981; B, Excavations at Urquhart Castle, Inverness-shire, 1983; C, Excavations at Dunnottar, Kincardineshire, 1984', Proc Soc Antiq Scot, 122 (1992), 215-287.
  • Anderson, A. O. & Anderson, M. O. (trans) 1991 Adomnán's Life of Columba. Clarendon Press, Oxford. ISBN 0-19-820215-6.
  • Gifford, J 1992 Highlands and Islands: the Buildings of Scotland. Penguin, London. ISBN 0-300-09625-9

External links

Urquhart Castle and Loch Ness
Urquhart Castle and Loch Ness

  Results from FactBites:
 
Urquhart Castle Feature Page on Undiscovered Scotland (813 words)
Opinions differ as to whether Urquhart Castle was originally the site of a Pictish fort dating back to a visit by St Columba in 597, but there was certainly a Pictish settlement in the area at the time.
In 1297 the castle was in English hands loyal to Edward I; and survived a night assault by the Scots.
The complex interplay of Scottish history led to further conflict around Urquhart Castle in 1513, and in 1545 it was besieged and subsequently plundered by the western clans.
Travels in Scotland : Urquhart Castle (613 words)
Urquhart was held by the crown in 1346, and again in 1398, since Urquhart was deemed too important for any other than the King to hold during war.
Urquhart was restored in 1509 by John Grant of Freuchie, who was granted the property by James IV, on the condition he restore the castle.
Urquhart was probably destroyed to prevent it from being used by the Jabobites in the 17th century.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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