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Encyclopedia > Uvular trill
IPA – number 123
IPA – text ʀ
IPA – image Image:Xsampa-Rslash.png
entity ʀ
X-SAMPA R
Kirshenbaum r"
Sound sample (help· info)

The uvular trill is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ʀ, a small capital R. The equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is R. This consonant is one of several collectively called guttural R. The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) is a system of phonetic notation devised by linguists to accurately and uniquely represent each of the wide variety of sounds (phones or phonemes) used in spoken human language. ... IPA symbols, detail from Image:Ipa-chart-consonants-pulmonic. ... HTML has been in use since 1991 (note that the W3C international standard is now XHTML), but the first standardized version with a reasonably complete treatment of international characters was version 4. ... The Extended SAM Phonetic Alphabet (X-SAMPA) is a variant of SAMPA developed in 1995 by John C. Wells, professor of phonetics at the University of London. ... Kirshenbaum, sometimes called ASCII-IPA, is a system used to represent the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) in ASCII. It was developed for Usenet, notably the newsgroups sci. ... Image File history File links Uvular trill. ... A consonant is a sound in spoken language that is characterized by a closure or stricture of the vocal tract sufficient to cause audible turbulence. ... One might be looking for the academic discipline of communications. ... The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) is a system of phonetic notation devised by linguists to accurately and uniquely represent each of the wide variety of sounds (phones or phonemes) used in spoken human language. ... R is the eighteenth letter of the Latin alphabet. ... The Extended SAM Phonetic Alphabet (X-SAMPA) is a variant of SAMPA developed in 1995 by John C. Wells, professor of phonetics at the University of London. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...


Features

Features of the uvular trill:

In linguistics, manner of articulation describes how the tongue, lips, and other speech organs involved in making a sound make contact. ... In phonetics, a trill is a consonantal sound produced by vibrations between the articulator and the place of articulation. ... Places of articulation (passive & active): 1. ... Uvulars are consonants articulated with the back of the tongue against or near the uvula, that is, further back in the mouth than velar consonants. ... The uvula is a small cone-shaped mass of tissue hanging down from the soft palate, near the back of the throat. ... Phoneticians define phonation as use of the laryngeal system to generate an audible source of acoustic energy, i. ... An oral consonant is a consonant sound in speech that is made by allowing air to escape from the mouth. ... A central or medial consonant is a consonant sound that is produced when air flows across the center of the mouth over the tongue. ... In phonetics, initiation is the action by which an air-flow is created through the vocal tract. ... This page is a candidate to be moved to Wiktionary. ... The lungs flank the heart and great vessels in the chest cavity. ... The space between the vocal cords is called the glottis. ...

Where found

The uvular trill is rare outside Europe, where it occurs in some varieties of Abkhaz and in Ashkenazic Hebrew. The uvular trill also occurs in Arabic, where it is represented by the letter غ. It is often transliterated as gh in Roman characters. Abkhaz is a Northwest Caucasian language spoken in Georgia and Turkey. ... Ashkenazi Jews, also known as Ashkenazic Jews or Ashkenazim (אַשְׁכֲּנָזִי אַשְׁכֲּנָזִים Standard Hebrew, AÅ¡kanazi,AÅ¡kanazim, Tiberian Hebrew, ʾAÅ¡kănāzî, ʾAÅ¡kănāzîm, pronounced sing. ... Hebrew (עִבְרִית ‘Ivrit) is a Semitic language of the Afro-Asiatic language family spoken by more than seven million people in Israel with the West Bank, the United States, and Jewish communities around the world. ... The Arabic language (Arabic: ‎ translit: ), or simply Arabic (Arabic: ‎ translit: ), is the largest member of the Semitic branch of the Afro-Asiatic language family (classification: South Central Semitic) and is closely related to Hebrew and Aramaic. ...


Within Europe it seems to have originated in French, from where it spread to modern Standard German, most German dialects, some Dutch dialects, some northern Italian dialects, and the southern dialects of Swedish. (In part of this area it has since acquired the voiced uvular fricative and/or the voiceless uvular fricative as an allophone; the fricative has completely taken over in Standard Dutch, and something similar has happened in Danish.) It also occurs among some speakers of Russian and Polish, because certain individuals' tongue shape can make pronouncing the preferred alveolar trill difficult or impossible (although it is often corrected with minor surgery). Lenin is probably the most famous Russian to use uvular trills. German (called Deutsch in German; in German the term germanisch is equivalent to English Germanic), is a member of the western group of Germanic languages and is one of the worlds major languages. ... The voiced uvular fricative is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. ... The voiceless uvular fricative is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. ... In phonetics, an allophone is one of several similar phones that belong to the same phoneme. ... Many animals have longer and more flexible tongues than humans. ... The alveolar trill is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages (such as Russian, Spanish, Armenian, and Polish). ... Vladimir Ilyich Lenin ( Russian: Влади́мир Ильи́ч Ле́нин  listen?), original surname Ulyanov (Улья́нов) ( April 22 (April 10 ( O.S.)), 1870 – January 21, 1924), was a Russian revolutionary, the leader of the Bolshevik party, the first Premier of the Soviet Union, and the founder of the ideology of Leninism. ...


Few languages contrast more than one trill. However, older speakers of eastern dialects of Occitan contrast uvular and alveolar trills, as for example in /ɡari/ cured and /ɡaʀi/ oak. Thre other languages that employ both the alveolar and uvular trill are Irish, Manx and Scots Gaelic, the alveolar represented by r, and the uvular represented by dh and gh. Occitan, or lenga dòc, or languedoc, is a Romance language (or group of languages), spoken mainly in southern France. ...


See also



A Acoustic phonetics Affricate Airstream mechanism Alfred C. Gimson Allophone Alveolar approximant Alveolar consonant Alveolar ejective fricative Alveolar ejective Alveolar flap Alveolar nasal Alveolar ridge Alveolar trill Alveolo-palatal consonant Apical consonant Approximant consonant Articulatory phonetics aspiration Auditory phonetics B Back vowel Bilabial click Bilabial consonant Bilabial ejective Bilabial nasal...

  Consonants (List, table) See also: IPA, Vowels  
Pulmonics Bilabial Lab'den. Dental Alveolar Postalv. Retroflex Palatal Velar Uvular Pharyn. Epiglottal Glottal   Non-pulmonics and other symbols
Nasals m ɱ n ɳ ɲ ŋ ɴ  Clicks  ʘ ǀ ǃ ǂ ǁ
Plosives p b • • t d ʈ ɖ c ɟ k ɡ q ɢ ʡ ʔ  Implo­­sives  ɓ ɗ ʄ ɠ ʛ
Fricatives ɸ β f v θ ð s z ʃ ʒ ʂ ʐ ç ʝ x ɣ χ ʁ ħ ʕ ʜ ʢ h ɦ  Ejec­­tives  pʼ tʼ kʼ qʼ sʼ
   Approximants    β̞ ʋ ɹ ɻ j ɰ Other laterals  ɺ ɫ
Trills ʙ r • ʀ • Co-articulated approximants  ʍ w ɥ
Flaps & Taps • v̛ ɾ ɽ • Co-articulated fricatives  ɕ ʑ ɧ
Lat. Fricatives ɬ ɮ • • • Affricates  ʦ ʣ ʧ ʤ
Lat. Appr'mants l ɭ ʎ ʟ Co-articulated stops  kp ɡb ŋm
This page contains phonetic information in IPA, which may not display correctly in some browsers. [Help]
Where symbols appear in pairs, the one to the right represents a voiced consonant. Shaded areas denote pulmonic articulations judged impossible.

  Results from FactBites:
 
Uvular trill - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (359 words)
The uvular trill is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages.
Its manner of articulation is trill, which means it is produced by vibrations of the articulator (in this case, the uvula).
Its place of articulation is uvular, which means that it is the uvula which does the vibrating.
Guttural R - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (1505 words)
In Belgium (Flemish), the usual R is an alveolar trill, but uvular R does occur, mostly in the province of Limburg, in the region around Ghent and in Brussels.
In the Netherlands, uvular R is the dominant R-sound in the southern provinces of Noord-Brabant and Limburg.
Uvular R is common, but not dominant, in the western agglomeration Randstad, including cities like Rotterdam, The Hague and Utrecht (the dialect of Amsterdam usually has an alveolar R though).
  More results at FactBites »


 

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