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'Valence', as used in psychology, especially in discussing emotions, means the intrinsic attractiveness (positive valence) or aversiveness (negative valence) of an event, object, or situation[1] However, the term is also used to characterize and categorize specific emotions. For example, the emotions popularly referred to as "negative", such as anger and fear, have "negative valence". Joy has "positive valence". Positively valenced emotions are evoked by positively valenced events, objects, or situations. The term is also used about the hedonic tone of feelings, affect, certain behaviors (for example, approach and avoidance), goal-attainment or -non-attainment, and conformity with or violation of norms. Ambivalence can be viewed as conflict between positive and negative valence-carriers.[citation needed] For other uses, see Emotion (disambiguation). ...
This article is about the emotion. ...
Fear is an emotional response to impending danger, that is tied to anxiety. ...
Look up joy in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
Feelings are most generally INFORMATION that biological beings are capable of sensing in the situations they are in, exposed to or depending on. ...
Look up affect in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
This article does not cite any references or sources. ...
The word norm coming from the latin word norma which means angle measure or (lawlike) rule, has a number of meanings: A social or sociological norm; see norm (sociology). ...
Look up ambivalence in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
History of Usage The term entered English usage in psychology with the translation from German in 1935 of works of Kurt Lewin. Ambivalence has a longer history.[citation needed] Kurt Zadek Lewin (September 9, 1890 – February 12, 1947) was a German psychologist and one of the pioneers of social psychology. ...
Criterion for Emotion Valence is one criterion used in some definitions of emotion. The possible absence of valence is cited as a reason to exclude surprise, viewed as the startle reaction, from the list of emotions, though some would include it. Look up surprise in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
The startle reaction, also called startle response or alarm reaction, is the response of mind and body to a sudden unexpected stimulus, such as a flash of light, a loud noise, or a quick movement near the face. ...
Measurement Valence could be assigned a number and treated as if it were measured, but the validity of a measurement based on a subjective report is questionable. Measurement based on observations of facial expressions, using FACS, and microexpressions (See Ekman.) or on modern functional brain imaging may overcome this objection. Various meters Measurement is an observation that reduces an uncertainty expressed as a quantity. ...
This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ...
FACS may be: Facial Action Coding System, an acronym which indicates a procedure to analyse human face expressions Fellow of the American College of Surgeons Fluorescent-activated cell sorting Formal Aspects of Computing Science, a British Computer Society Specialist Group Family and consumer science This page expands a four-character...
Brain imaging is a fairly recent discipline within medicine and neuroscience. ...
Footnotes - ^ Nico H. Frijda, The Emotions. Cambridge(UK): Cambridge University Press, 1986. p. 207
References
See also Paul Ekman (born 1934) is a psychologist and has been a pioneer in the study of emotions and facial expressions. ...
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