The Valtelline valley, in northern Italy, is nowadays a slumbering mountain valley in the northern part of Lombardy. It is known for its skiing and cheeses. However in past centuries it was a key pass through the Alps, from northern Italy into Germany. Control of the Valtelline was much sought after, particularly in the Thirty Years War.
But when France began to play a more conspicuous part in the Thirty Years' War Henri was again called to serve his lawful sovereign, and entrusted with the war in the Valtelline.
Henri fought another Valtelline campaign, but without the success of the first, for the motives of France were now held in suspicion.
The unfortunate commander retired to Geneva and thence went to the army of Bernhard of Saxe-Weimar.