Vasculitis
Classification and external resources | | ICD-9 | 447.6 | | DiseasesDB | 13750 | | MeSH | D014657 | Vasculitis (plural: vasculitides), a group of diseases featuring inflammation of the wall of blood vessels including veins (phlebitis), arteries (arteritis) and capillaries due to leukocyte migration and resultant damage. While most vasculitides are rare, they generally affect several organ systems and can cause severe disability. The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (most commonly known by the abbreviation ICD) provides codes to classify diseases and a wide variety of signs, symptoms, abnormal findings, complaints, social circumstances and external causes of injury or disease. ...
The following is a list of codes for International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems. ...
The Disease Bold textDatabase is a free website that provides information about the relationships between medical conditions, symptoms, and medications. ...
Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) is a huge controlled vocabulary (or metadata system) for the purpose of indexing journal articles and books in the life sciences. ...
An abscess on the skin, showing the redness and swelling characteristic of inflammation. ...
f you all The blood vessels are part of the circulatory system and function to transport blood throughout the body. ...
Phlebitis is an inflammation of a vein, usually in the legs. ...
Arteritis is inflammation of the walls of arteries, usually as a result of infection or auto-immune response. ...
White Blood Cells is also the name of a White Stripes album. ...
Classification
Vasculitides can be classified by the size of the blood vessel that they predominantly affect.[1]
Large vessel vasculitis Takayasu arteritis. Primarily affects the aorta and its main branches. At least 3 out of 6 criteria yields sensitivity and specificity of 90.5 and 97.8%: Takayasus arteritis is an inflammatory disease of unknown etiology that affects the aorta and its branches. ...
The aorta (generally pronounced [eɪˈɔËtÉ™] or ay-orta) is the largest artery in the human body, originating from the left ventricle of the heart and bringing oxygenated blood to all parts of the body in the systemic circulation. ...
- onset < 40 years
- claudication of extremities
- decreased pulsation of one or both brachial arteries
- at least 10 mmHg systolic difference in both arms
- bruit over one or both carotid arteries or abdominal aorta
- arteriographic narrowing of aorta, its primary branches, or large arteries in upper or lower extremities
Giant cell (temporal) arteritis. Chronic vasculitis of both large and medium vessels, primarily affecting cranial branches of the arteries arising from the aortic arch. At least 3 out of 5 criteria yields sensitivity and specificity of 95 and 91%: Claudication, literally limping, is used as a medical term in various contexts. ...
Right upper limb, anterior view, brachial artery and elbow. ...
Cardiac events occuring in a single cardiac cycle Cardiac cycle is the term referring to all or any of the events related to the flow of blood that occur from the beginning of one heartbeat to the beginning of the next. ...
Bruit is the term for the unusal sound that blood makes when it rushes past an obstruction in an artery when the sound is observed with a stethoscope. ...
Temporal arteritis, also called giant cell arteritis (GCA) is an inflammatory disease of blood vessels (most commonly large and medium arteries of the head). ...
- Age at onset ≥ 50 years
- New onset headache with localized tenderness
- Temporal artery tenderness or decreased pulsation
- Elevated ESR ≥ 50 mm/hour Westergren
- Temporal artery biopsy showing vasculitis with mononuclear cell infiltrate or granulomatous inflammation, usually with multinucleated giant cells
Medium vessel vasculitis Polyarteritis nodosa. Systemic necrotizing vasculitis and aneurysm formation affecting both medium and small arteries. If only small vessels are affected, it is called microscopic polyangiitis, although it is more associated with Wegener's granulomatosis than to classic PAN. At least 3 out of 10 criteria yields sensitivity and specificity of 82 and 87%: Polyarteritis nodosa (or periarteritis nodosa) is a serious blood vessel disease. ...
Post surgical photo of brain aneurysm survivor. ...
- unexplained weight loss > 4 kg
- livedo reticularis
- testicular pain
- myalgias, weakness
- mononeuropathy or polyneuropathy
- new onset diastolic blood pressure > 90 mmHg
- elevated serum BUN (> 40 mg/dL) or serum creatinine (> 1.5 mg/dL)
- hepatitis B infection
- arteriographic abnormalities
- arterial biopsy showing polymorphonuclear cells
Wegener's granulomatosis. Systemic vasculitis of medium and small arteries, including venules and arterioles. Produces granulomatous inflammation of the respiratory tracts and necrotizing, pauci-immune glomerulonephritis. Most common cause of saddle nose deformity in USA (nose flattened due to destruction of nasal septum by granulomatous inflammation). Almost all patients with WG have c-ANCA, but not vice versa. Current treatment of choice is cyclophosphamide. At least 2 out of 4 criteria yields sensitivity and specificity of 88 and 92%. Livedoid vasculitis (also known as livedo vasculitis, livedo reticularis, and livedoid vasculopathy) is a vascular disorder mostly affecting women. ...
In medicine (rheumatology), Wegeners granulomatosis is a form of vasculitis that affects the lungs, kidneys and other organs. ...
- nasal or oral inflammation (oral ulcers or purulent/bloody nasal discharge, may be painful)
- abnormal CXR showing nodules, infiltrates, cavities
- microscopic hematuria or RBC casts
- vessel biopsy shows granulomatous inflammation
Kawasaki disease. Usually in children, it affects large, medium, and small vessels, prominently the coronary arteries. Associated with a mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome. Diagnosis requires fever lasting five days or more with at least 4 out of 5 criteria: Kawasaki disease, also known as lymph node syndrome, mucocutaneous node disease, infantile polyarteritis and Kawasaki syndrome, is a poorly understood self-limited vasculitis that affects many organs, including the skin and mucous membranes, lymph nodes, blood vessel walls, and the heart. ...
- bilateral conjunctival injection
- injected or fissured lips, injected pharynx, or strawberry tongue
- erythema of palms/soles, edema of hands/feet, periungual desquamation
- polymorphous rash
- cervical lymphadenopathy (at least one node > 1.5 cm)
Isolated CNS vasculitis. Affects medium and small arteries over a diffuse CNS area, without symptomatic extracranial vessel involvement. Patients have CNS symptoms as well as cerebral vasculitis by angiography and leptomeningeal biopsy.
Small vessel vasculitis There are several vasculitides that affect small vessels.[2]
Churg-Strauss arteritis. Affects medium and small vessels with vascular and extravascular granulomatosis. Classically involves arteries of lungs and skin, but may be generalized. At least 4 criteria yields sensitivity and specificity of 85 and 99.7%. Churg-Strauss syndrome is a necrotizing vasculitis characterized by eosinophilia. ...
- asthma (history of wheezeing or presently wheezing)
- eosinophilia > 10% on CBC
- mononeuropathy or polyneuropathy
- migratory or transient pulmonary opacities on CXR
- paranasal sinus abnormalities
- vessel biopsy showing eosinophils in extravascular areas
Microscopic polyarteritis/polyangiitis. Affects capillaries, venules, or arterioles. Thought to be part of a group that includes Wegeners since both are associated with ANCA and similar extrapulmonary manifestations. Patients do not usually have symptomatic or histologic respiratory involvement. Microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) is an ill-defined autoimmune disease characterized by pauci-immune, necrotizing, small-vessel vasculitis without clinical or pathological evidence of necrotizing granulomatous inflammation. ...
Hypersensitivity vasculitis (allergic vasculitis). Usually due to a hypersensitivity reaction to a known drug. Drugs most commonly implicated are penicillin, sulphonamides and thiazide diuretics.[3]There is presence of skin vaculitis with palpable petechiae or purpura. Biopsy of these lesions reveal inflammation of the small vessels, termed leukocytoclastic vasculitis, which is most prominent in postcapillary venules. At least 3 out of 5 criteria yields sensitivity and specificity of 71 and 84%: Hypersensitivity vasculitis (or hypersensitivity angiitis or leukocytoclastic vasculitis) is usually due to a hypersensitivity reaction to a known drug, auto-antigens or infectious agents such as bacteria. ...
Penicillin core structure Penicillin (abbreviated PCN) is a group of β-lactam antibiotics used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms. ...
Sulfonamides, also known as sulfa drugs, are synthetic antimicrobial agents derived from sulfonic acid. ...
Thiazides are diuretics that are derived from benzothiadiazine. ...
- age > 16
- use of possible triggering drug in relation to symptoms
- palpable purpura
- maculopapular rash
- skin biopsy showing neutrophils around vessel
Henoch-Schonlein purpura. Systemic vasculitis due to tissue deposition of IgA-containing immune complexes. Biopsy of lesions shows inflammation of small vessels. It is considered a form of hypersensitivity vasculitis but is distinguished by prominent deposits of IgA. This is the most common vasculitis in children. Presence of 3 or more criteria yielded sensitivity of 87% while less than 2 criteria yielded hypersensitivity vasculitis in 74%: In medicine (rheumatology and pediatrics) Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP, also known as allergic purpura) is a form of vasculitis that mainly affects children. ...
- palpable purpura (usually of buttocks & legs)
- bowel angina
- GI bleed
- hematuria
- onset < 20 years
- no new medications
Essential cryoglobulinemic vasculitis. Most often due to hepatitic C infection, immune complexes of cryoglobulins --- proteins that consists of immunoglobulins and complement and precipitate in the cold while dissolving upon rewarming --- are deposited in walls of capillaries, venules, or arterioles. Therefore, complement will be low with histology showing vessel inflammation with immune deposits.
Vasculitis secondary to connective tissue disorders. Usually secondary to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), relapsing polychondritis, Behçet's disease, and other connective tissue disorders. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE or lupus) is a chronic autoimmune disease that can be fatal, though with recent medical advances, fatalities are becoming increasingly rare. ...
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is traditionally considered a chronic, inflammatory autoimmune disorder that causes the immune system to attack the joints. ...
This article needs to be wikified. ...
Behçet disease (Behçets syndrome, Morbus Behçet, silk road disease) is a chronic condition due to disturbances in the body’s immune system. ...
Vasculitis secondary to viral infection. Usually due to hepatitis B and C, HIV, cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, and Parvo B19 virus.
Symptoms and signs Patients usually present with systemic symptoms with single or multiorgan dysfunction. Common (and nonspecific) complaints include fatigue, weakness, fever, arthralgias, abdominal pain, hypertension, renal insufficiency, and neurologic dysfunction. The following symptoms should raise a strong suspicion of a vasculitis: - Mononeuritis multiplex. Also known as asymmetric polyneuropathy is highly suggestive of vasculitis, since diabetes is the only other cause of this.
- Palpable purpura. If patients have this in isolation, it is most likely due to cutaneous leukocytoclastic vasculitis. If the purpura is in combination with systemic organ involvement, it is most likely to be Henoch-Schonlein purpura or microscopic polyarteritis.
Mononeuritis multiplex is the clinical picture that arises from problems with multiple individual nerves serially or almost simultaneously. ...
In medicine (rheumatology), Wegeners granulomatosis is a form of vasculitis that affects the lungs, kidneys and other organs. ...
Microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) is an ill-defined autoimmune disease characterized by pauci-immune, necrotizing, small-vessel vasculitis without clinical or pathological evidence of necrotizing granulomatous inflammation. ...
Goodpasture’s syndrome (also known as Goodpasture’s disease and anti-glomerular basement membrane disease or anti-GBM disease) was first described by Ernest Goodpasture in 1919. ...
Diagnosis A detailed history is important to elicit any recent medications, any risk of hepatitis infection, or any recent diagnosis with a connective tissue disorder such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). A thorough physical exam is needed as usual. Hepatitis (plural hepatitides) implies injury to liver characterised by presence of inflammatory cells in the liver tissue. ...
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE or lupus) is a chronic autoimmune disease that can be fatal, though with recent medical advances, fatalities are becoming increasingly rare. ...
- Lab tests. Basic lab tests may include a CBC, chem-7 (look for creatinine), muscle enzyme, liver function tests, ESR, hepatitis seroloties, urinalysis, CXR, and EKG. Additional, more specific tests include:
- Electromyography. It is useful if a systemic vasculitis is suspected and neuromuscular symptoms are present.
- Arteriography. Arteriograms are helpful in vasculitis affecting the large and medium vessels but not helpful in small vessel vasculitis. Angiograms of mesenteri or renal arteries in polyarteritis nodosa may show aneurysms, occlusions, and vascular wall abnormalities. Arteriography are not diagnostic in itself if other accessible areas for biopsy are present. However, in Takayasu's arteritis, where the aorta may be involved, it is unlikely a biopsy will be successful and angiography can be diagnostic.
- Tissue biopsy. This is the gold standard of diagnosis when biopsy is taken from the most involved area.
Antinuclear antibodies (ANAs, also known as antinuclear factor or ANF) are detected in a large group of autoimmune disorders. ...
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE or lupus) is a chronic autoimmune disease that can be fatal, though with recent medical advances, fatalities are becoming increasingly rare. ...
A complement protein attacking an invader. ...
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE or lupus) is a chronic autoimmune disease that can be fatal, though with recent medical advances, fatalities are becoming increasingly rare. ...
For other uses, including the Australian company, ANCA Pty Ltd, see ANCA (disambiguation) Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCAs) are a group of mainly IgG antibodies against antigens in the cytoplasm of neutrophil granulocytes (the most common type of white blood cell) and monocytes. ...
In medicine (rheumatology), Wegeners granulomatosis is a form of vasculitis that affects the lungs, kidneys and other organs. ...
Microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) is an ill-defined autoimmune disease characterized by pauci-immune, necrotizing, small-vessel vasculitis without clinical or pathological evidence of necrotizing granulomatous inflammation. ...
Churg-Strauss syndrome is a necrotizing vasculitis characterized by eosinophilia. ...
Electromyography (EMG) is a technique for evaluating and recording physiologic properties of muscles at rest and while contracting. ...
Angiography or arteriography is a medical imaging technique in which an X-ray picture is taken to visualize the inner opening of blood filled structures, including arteries, veins and the heart chambers. ...
Treatment Treatment is targeted to the underlying cause. However, most vasculitis in general are treated with steroids (e.g. methylprednisolone) because the underlying cause of the vasculitis is due to hyperactive immunological damage. Immunosuppressants such as cyclophosphamide and azathioprine may also be given. This article is about the chemical family of steroids. ...
Methylprednisolone (molecular weight 374. ...
Cyclophosphamide (the generic name for Cytoxan, Neosar) is a nitrogen mustard alkylating agent, used to treat various types of cancer and some autoimmune disorders. ...
Azathioprine is a chemotherapy drug, now rarely used for chemotherapy but more for immunosuppression in organ transplantation, autoimmune disease such as rheumatoid arthritis or inflammatory bowel disease such as Crohns disease. ...
A systematic review of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) positive vasculitis identified best treatments depending on whether the goal is to induce remission or maintenance and depending on severity of the vasculitis.[4] Systematic reviews are named as the highest level of medical evidence, by evidence based medicine professionals. ...
For other uses, including the Australian company, ANCA Pty Ltd, see ANCA (disambiguation) Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCAs) are a group of mainly IgG antibodies against antigens in the cytoplasm of neutrophil granulocytes (the most common type of white blood cell) and monocytes. ...
References - ^ Jennette JC, Falk RJ, Andrassy K, et al (1994). "Nomenclature of systemic vasculitides. Proposal of an international consensus conference". Arthritis Rheum. 37 (2): 187-92. PMID 8129773.
- ^ Jennette JC, Falk RJ (1997). "Small-vessel vasculitis". N. Engl. J. Med. 337 (21): 1512-23. PMID 9366584.
- ^ Axford J, O'Callaghan C, (eds). 2004. Medicine. Oxford. Blackwell Publishing.
- ^ Bosch X, Guilabert A, Espinosa G, Mirapeix E (2007). "Treatment of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody associated vasculitis: a systematic review". JAMA 298 (6): 655-69. doi:10.1001/jama.298.6.655. PMID 17684188.
A digital object identifier (or DOI) is a standard for persistently identifying a piece of intellectual property on a digital network and associating it with related data, the metadata, in a structured extensible way. ...
External links | Circulatory system pathology (I, 390-459) | | Hypertension | Hypertensive heart disease - Hypertensive nephropathy - Secondary hypertension (Renovascular hypertension) | | Ischaemic heart disease | Angina pectoris (Prinzmetal's angina) - Myocardial infarction (heart attack) - Dressler's syndrome | | Pulmonary circulation | Pulmonary embolism - Cor pulmonale | | Pericardium | Pericarditis - Pericardial effusion - Cardiac tamponade | | Endocardium/heart valves | Endocarditis - mitral valve (regurgitation, prolapse, stenosis) - aortic valve (stenosis, insufficiency) - pulmonary valve (stenosis, insufficiency) - tricuspid valve (stenosis, insufficiency) | | Myocardium | Myocarditis - Cardiomyopathy (Dilated cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, Loeffler endocarditis, Restrictive cardiomyopathy) - Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia | Electrical conduction system
of the heart | Heart block: AV block (First degree, Second degree, Third degree) - Bundle branch block (Left, Right) - Bifascicular block - Trifascicular block
Pre-excitation syndrome (Wolff-Parkinson-White, Lown-Ganong-Levine) - Long QT syndrome - Adams-Stokes syndrome - Cardiac arrest - Sudden cardiac death
Arrhythmia: Paroxysmal tachycardia (Supraventricular, AV nodal reentrant, Ventricular) - Atrial flutter - Atrial fibrillation (Familial) - Ventricular fibrillation - Premature contraction (Atrial, Ventricular) - Ectopic pacemaker - Sick sinus syndrome | | Other heart conditions | Heart failure - Cardiovascular disease - Cardiomegaly - Ventricular hypertrophy (Left, Right) | | Cerebrovascular diseases | Stroke - Transient ischemic attack - Intracranial hemorrhage/cerebral hemorrhage: Extra-axial hemorrhage (Epidural hemorrhage, Subdural hemorrhage, Subarachnoid hemorrhage)
Intra-axial hematoma (Intraventricular hemorrhages, Intraparenchymal hemorrhage) - Anterior spinal artery syndrome - Binswanger's disease - Moyamoya disease | Arteries, arterioles
and capillaries | Atherosclerosis (Renal artery stenosis) - Aortic dissection/Aortic aneurysm (Abdominal aortic aneurysm) - Aneurysm - Raynaud's phenomenon/Raynaud's disease - Buerger's disease - Vasculitis/Arteritis (Aortitis) - Intermittent claudication - Arteriovenous fistula - Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia - Spider angioma - Dissection (Carotid artery, Vertebral artery) | Veins, lymphatic vessels
and lymph nodes | Thrombosis/Phlebitis/Thrombophlebitis (Deep vein thrombosis, May-Thurner syndrome, Portal vein thrombosis, Venous thrombosis, Budd-Chiari syndrome, Renal vein thrombosis, Paget-Schroetter disease) - Varicose veins / Portacaval anastomosis (Hemorrhoid, Esophageal varices, Varicocele, Gastric varices, Caput medusae) - Superior vena cava syndrome - Lymph (Lymphadenitis, Lymphedema, Lymphangitis) | | Other | Hypotension (Orthostatic hypotension) - Rheumatic fever | | See also congenital (Q20-Q28, 745-747) | | Diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue (integumentary system) (L, 680-709) | | Infections | Staphylococcus (Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome, Impetigo, Boil, Carbuncle) - Cellulitis (Paronychia) - Acute lymphadenitis - Pilonidal cyst - Corynebacterium (Erythrasma) | | Bullous disorders | Pemphigus - Pemphigoid (Bullous pemphigoid) - Dermatitis herpetiformis | | Dermatitis and eczema | Atopic dermatitis - Seborrhoeic dermatitis (Dandruff, Cradle cap) - Diaper rash - Urushiol-induced contact dermatitis - Contact dermatitis - Erythroderma - Lichen simplex chronicus - Prurigo nodularis - Itch - Pruritus ani - Nummular dermatitis - Dyshidrosis - Pityriasis alba | | Papulosquamous disorders | Psoriasis (Psoriatic arthritis) - Parapsoriasis (Pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta, Pityriasis lichenoides chronica) - Pityriasis rosea - Lichen planus - Pityriasis rubra pilaris - Lichen nitidus | | Urticaria and erythema | Urticaria (Dermatographic urticaria, Cholinergic urticaria) - Erythema (Erythema multiforme, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, Toxic epidermal necrolysis, Erythema nodosum, Erythema annulare centrifugum, Erythema marginatum) | | Radiation-related disorders | Sunburn - Actinic keratosis - Polymorphous light eruption - Radiodermatitis - Erythema ab igne | | Disorders of skin appendages | nail disease: Ingrown nail - Onychogryposis - Beau's lines - Yellow nail syndrome
hair loss: Alopecia areata (Alopecia totalis, Alopecia universalis, Ophiasis) - Androgenic alopecia - Telogen effluvium - Traction alopecia - Lichen planopilaris - Trichorrhexis nodosa
other follicular disorders: Hypertrichosis (Hirsutism) - Acne vulgaris - Rosacea (Perioral dermatitis, Rhinophyma) - follicular cysts (Epidermoid cyst, Sebaceous cyst, Steatocystoma multiplex) - Pseudofolliculitis barbae - Hidradenitis suppurativa - Folliculitis
sweat disorders: eccrine (Miliaria, Anhidrosis) - apocrine (Body odor, Chromhidrosis, Fox-Fordyce disease) | | Other | pigmentation (Vitiligo, Melasma, Freckle, Café au lait spot, Lentigo/Liver spot) - Seborrheic keratosis - Acanthosis nigricans - Callus - Pyoderma gangrenosum - Bedsore - atrophic (Lichen sclerosus, Acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans) - Keloid - necrobiosis (Granuloma annulare, Necrobiosis lipoidica) - Granuloma faciale - Systemic lupus erythematosus - Morphea - Calcinosis cutis - Sclerodactyly - Ainhum - vasculitis (Livedoid vasculitis, Erythema elevatum diutinum) - Pyogenic granuloma | | see also congenital (Q80-Q84, 757) | For transport in plants, see Vascular tissue. ...
A renal cell carcinoma (chromophobe type) viewed on a hematoxylin & eosin stained slide Pathologist redirects here. ...
For other forms of hypertension, see Hypertension (disambiguation). ...
In kidney, as a result of benign arterial hypertension, hyaline (pink, amorphous, homogeneous material) accumulates in the wall of small arteries and arterioles, producing the thickening of their walls and the narrowing of the lumens - hyaline arteriolosclerosis. ...
While most forms of hypertension in humans have no known underlying cause (and are thus known as essential hypertension or primary hypertension), in about 10% of the cases, there is a known cause, and thus the hypertension is secondary hypertension (or, less commonly, inessential hypertension). ...
Renovascular hypertension (or renal hypertension) is a form of secondary hypertension. ...
Ischaemic (or ischemic) heart disease is a disease characterized by reduced blood supply to the heart. ...
Prinzmetals angina, also known as variant angina or angina inversa, is a syndrome typically consisting of angina (cardiac chest pain) at rest that occurs in cycles. ...
Heart attack redirects here. ...
Dresslers syndrome is a form of pericarditis that occurs in the setting of injury to the heart or the pericardium (the outer lining of the heart). ...
Pulmonary circulation is the portion of the cardiovascular system which carries oxygen-depleted blood away from the heart, to the lungs, and returns oxygenated blood back to the heart. ...
Cor pulmonale is a medical term used to describe a change in structure and function of the right ventricle of the heart as a result of a respiratory disorder. ...
The pericardium is a double-walled sac that contains the heart and the roots of the great vessels. ...
Pericarditis is inflammation of the sac surrounding the heart, the pericardium. ...
Pericardial effusion is an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pericardial cavity. ...
Cardiac tamponade, also known as pericardial tamponade, is a medical emergency condition where liquid accumulates in the pericardium in a relatively short time. ...
In the heart, the endocardium is the innermost layer of tissue that lines the chambers of the heart. ...
Grays Fig. ...
Endocarditis is an inflammation of the inner layer of the heart, the endocardium. ...
The mitral valve (also known as the bicuspid valve or left atrioventricular valve), is a dual flap (bi = 2) valve in the heart that lies between the left atrium (LA) and the left ventricle (LV). ...
Mitral regurgitation (MR), also known as mitral insufficiency, is the abnormal leaking of blood through the mitral valve, from the left ventricle into the left atrium of the heart. ...
Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is a heart valve condition marked by the displacement of an abnormally thickened mitral valve leaflet into the left atrium during systole. ...
Mitral stenosis is a narrowing of the orifice of the mitral valve of the heart. ...
The aortic valve is one of the valves of the heart. ...
Aortic valve stenosis (AS) is a heart condition caused by the incomplete opening of the aortic valve. ...
Aortic insufficiency (AI), also known as aortic regurgitation (AR), is the leaking of the aortic valve of the heart that causes blood to flow in the reverse direction during ventricular diastole, from the aorta into the left ventricle. ...
The pulmonary valve, also known as pulmonic valve, is the semilunar valve of the heart that lies between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery and has three cusps. ...
Pulmonary valve stenosis is a medical condition in which outflow of blood from the right ventricle of the heart is obstructed at the level of the pulmonic valve. ...
Pulmonary valve insufficiency (or incompetence, or regurgitation) is a condition where the pulmonary valve is not strong enough to prevent backflow into the right ventricle. ...
The tricuspid valve is on the right side of the heart, between the right atrium and the right ventricle. ...
Tricuspid valve stenosis is a valvular heart disease which results in the narrowing of the orifice of the tricuspid valve of the heart. ...
Tricuspid insufficiency, also termed Tricuspid regurgitation, refers to the failure of the hearts tricuspid valve to close properly during systole. ...
Myocardium is the muscular tissue of the heart. ...
In medicine (cardiology), myocarditis is inflammation of the myocardium, the muscular part of the heart. ...
Dilated cardiomyopathy or DCM (also known as congestive cardiomyopathy), is a disease of the myocardium (the muscle of the heart) in which a portion of the myocardium is dilated, often without any obvious cause. ...
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or HCM, is a disease of the myocardium (the muscle of the heart) in which a portion of the myocardium is hypertrophied (thickened) without any obvious cause. ...
This article is considered orphaned, since there are very few or no other articles that link to this one. ...
Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) is the least common cardiomyopathy. ...
Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia (ARVD, also known as arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy or ARVC) is a type of nonischemic cardiomyopathy that involves primarily the right ventricle. ...
The normal electrical conduction in the heart allows the impulse that is generated by the sinoatrial node (SA node) of the heart to be propagated to (and stimulate) the myocardium (Cardiac muscle). ...
A heart block is a disease in the electrical system of the heart. ...
A heart block denotes a disease in the electrical system of the heart. ...
First degree AV block or PR prolongation is a disease of the electrical conduction system of the heart in which the PR interval is lengthened. ...
Second degree AV block is a disease of the electrical conduction system of the heart. ...
Third degree AV block, also known as complete heart block, is a defect of the electrical system of the heart, in which the impulse generated in the atria (typically the SA node on top of the right atrium) does not propagate to the ventricles. ...
Bundle branch block refers to a disorder of the hearts electrical conducting system. ...
ECG characteristics of a typical LBBB showing wide QRS complexes with abnormal morphology in leads V1 and V6. ...
Right bundle branch block (RBBB) is a cardiac conduction abnormality seen on electrocardiogram (EKG). ...
Bifascicular block is a conduction abnormality in the heart where two of the three main fascicles of the His/Purkinje system are blocked. ...
Trifascicular heart block is the triad of first degree heart block, right bundle branch block, and either left anterior or left posterior hemi block seen on an electrocardiogram (EKG). ...
Pre-excitation syndrome is a condition where the the ventricles of the heart become depolarized too early, which leads to their premature contraction, causing arrhythmia. ...
Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome (WPW) is a syndrome of pre-excitation of the ventricles of the heart due to an accessory pathway known as the Bundle of Kent. ...
Lown-Ganong-Levine syndrome (LGL) is a syndrome of pre-excitation of the ventricles due to an accessory pathway providing an abnormal electrical communication from the atria to the ventricles. ...
The long QT syndrome (LQTS) is a heart disease in which there is an abnormally long delay between the electrical excitation (or depolarization) and relaxation (repolarization) of the ventricles of the heart. ...
The term Stokes-Adams Attack refers to a sudden, transient episode of syncope, occasionally featuring seizures. ...
A cardiac arrest is the cessation of normal circulation of the blood due to failure of the ventricles of the heart to contract effectively during systole. ...
Cardiac arrhythmia is any of a group of conditions in which the electrical activity of the heart is irregular or is faster or slower than normal. ...
A supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) is a rapid rhythm of the heart in which the origin of the electrical signal is either the atria or the AV node. ...
AV nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT) is a type of reentrant tachycardia (fast rhythm) of the heart. ...
Ventricular tachycardia (V-tach or VT) is a fast rhythm that originates in one of the ventricles of the heart. ...
Atrial flutter is an abnormal fast heart rhythm that occurs in the atria of the heart. ...
Atrial fibrillation (AF or afib) is a cardiac arrhythmia (abnormal heart rhythm) that involves the two upper chambers (atria) of the heart. ...
Ventricular fibrillation (V-fib or VF) is a cardiac condition which consists of a lack of coordination of the contraction of the muscle tissue of the large chambers of the heart that eventually leads to the heart stopping altogether. ...
pac This page meets Wikipedias criteria for speedy deletion. ...
This article does not cite any references or sources. ...
An ectopic pacemaker or ectopic focus is an excitable group of cells that causes a premature heart beat outside the normally functioning SA node of the human heart. ...
Sick sinus syndrome, also called Bradycardia-tachycardia syndrome is a group of abnormal heartbeats (arrhythmias) presumably caused by a malfunction of the sinus node, the hearts natural pacemaker. ...
Cardiovascular disease refers to the class of diseases that involve the heart or blood vessels (arteries and veins). ...
Cardiomegaly is a medical condition wherein the heart is enlarged. ...
Although ventricular hypertrophy may occur in either the left or right or both ventricles of the heart , left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is more commonly encountered. ...
Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is the thickening of the myocardium (muscle) of the left ventricle of the heart. ...
Right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH) is a form of ventricular hypertrophy affecting the right ventricle. ...
Cerebrovascular disease is damage to the blood vessels in the brain, resulting in a stroke. ...
For other uses, see Stroke (disambiguation). ...
A transient ischemic attack (TIA, often colloquially referred to as mini stroke) is caused by the temporary disturbance of blood supply to a restricted area of the brain, resulting in brief neurologic dysfunction that usually persists for less than 24 hours. ...
This article needs cleanup. ...
A intracranial hemorrhage is a bleed into the substance of the cerebrum. ...
Extra-axial hematoma, or extra-axial hemorrhage is a subtype of intracranial hemorrhage, or bleeding within the intracranial space, that occurs within the skull but outside of the brain tissue itself. ...
Nontraumatic epidural hematoma in a young woman. ...
A subdural hematoma (SDH) is a form of traumatic brain injury in which blood collects between the dura (the outer protective covering of the brain) and the arachnoid (the middle layer of the meninges). ...
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is bleeding into the subarachnoid space surrounding the brain, i. ...
Intra-axial hemorrhages, or intra-axial hematomas, are a subtype of intracranial hemorrhage that occur within the brain tissue itself. ...
Intraventricular hemorrhage (or IVH) is a bleeding of the ventricles, where the cerebrospinal fluid is produced and circulates through towards the subarachnoid space. ...
Intra-axial hemorrhages, or intra-axial hematomas, are a subtype of intracranial hemorrhage that occur within the brain tissue itself. ...
Ischemia or infarction of the spinal cord in the distribution of the anterior spinal artery, which supplies the ventral two-thirds of the spinal cord and Medulla. ...
Binswangers disease is a rare form of multi-infarct dementia caused by damage to deep white brain matter. ...
Moyamoya disease is an extremely rare disorder in most parts of the world except in Japan. ...
Section of an artery An artery or arterial is also a class of highway. ...
An arteriole is a blood vessel that extends and branchs out from an artery and leads to capillaries. ...
The word capillary is used to describe any very narrow tube or channel through which a fluid can pass. ...
Renal artery stenosis is the narrowing of the renal artery. ...
Aortic dissection is a tear in the wall of the aorta (the largest artery of the body). ...
An aortic aneurysm is a general term for any swelling (dilatation or aneurysm) of the aorta, usually representing an underlying weakness in the wall of the aorta at that location. ...
A plate from Grays Anatomy with yellow lines depicting the most common infrarenal location of the AAA. Abdominal aortic aneurysm, also written as AAA and often pronounced triple-A, is a localized dilatation of the abdominal aorta, that exceeds the normal diameter by more than 50%. The normal diameter...
Post surgical photo of brain aneurysm survivor. ...
Raynauds phenomenon (RAY-noz), in medicine, is a vasospastic disorder causing discoloration of the fingers, toes, and occasionally other extremities, named for French physician Maurice Raynaud (1834 - 1881). ...
Raynauds disease (RAY-noz) is a condition that affects blood flow to the extremities which include the fingers, toes, nose and ears when exposed to temperature changes or stress. ...
Buergers disease (also known as thromboangiitis obliterans) is an acute inflammation and thrombosis (clotting) of arteries and veins of the hands and feet. ...
Arteritis is inflammation of the walls of arteries, usually as a result of infection or auto-immune response. ...
Aortitis is the inflammation of the aorta. ...
Intermittent claudication is a cramping sensation in the legs that is present during exercise or walking and occurs as a result of decreased oxygen supply. ...
An arteriovenous fistula is an abnormal connection or passageway between an artery and a vein. ...
In medicine, hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT), also known as Rendu-Osler-Weber syndrome, is a genetic disorder that leads to vascular malformations. ...
A spider angioma (also known as a nevus araneus, spider nevus, or vascular spider) is a type of angioma found slightly below the skins surface, often containing a central red spot and reddish extensions which radiate outwards like a spiders web. ...
Carotid artery dissection is an important cause of stroke in young patients. ...
In medical contexts, dissection refers to a tear in the wall of a blood vessel. ...
In the circulatory system, a vein is a blood vessel that carries blood toward the heart. ...
Lymph originates as blood plasma lost from the circulatory system, which leaks out into the surrounding tissues. ...
Lymph nodes are components of the lymphatic system. ...
Thrombosis is the formation of a clot or thrombus inside a blood vessel, obstructing the flow of blood through the circulatory system. ...
Phlebitis is an inflammation of a vein, usually in the legs. ...
It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into deep vein thrombosis. ...
This article is about Deep-vein thrombosis. ...
May-Thurner syndrome is deep vein thrombosis of the iliofemoral vein due to compression of the left common iliac vein by overlying right common iliac artery. ...
A venous thrombosis is a blood clot that forms within a vein. ...
In medicine (gastroenterology and hepatology), Budd-Chiari syndrome is the clinical picture caused by occlusion of the hepatic vein. ...
Renal vein thrombosis (RVT) is the formation of a clot or thrombus obstructing the renal vein, leading to a reduction in drainage of the kidney. ...
Paget-Schroetter disease (also Paget-von Schrötter disease) refers to deep vein thrombosis of an upper extremity vein, including the axillary vein or subclavian vein. ...
Vein gymnastics in the barefoot park Dornstetten, Germany. ...
A portacaval anastomosis is a specific type of anastomosis that occurs between the veins of portal circulation and those of systemic circulation. ...
Hemorrhoids (AmE), haemorrhoids (BrE), emerods, or piles are varicosities or swelling and inflammation of veins in the rectum and anus. ...
In medicine (gastroenterology), esophageal varices are extreme dilations of sub mucosal veins in the mucosa of the esophagus in diseases featuring portal hypertension, secondary to cirrhosis primarily. ...
Cross section showing the pampiniform plexus Varicocele is an abnormal enlargement of the veins in the scrotum draining the testicles. ...
Gastric varices are dilated submucosal veins in the stomach. ...
Caput medusae means dilated veins around the umbilicus. ...
Superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS) is a result of obstruction of the superior vena cava. ...
Lymphadenopathy is a term meaning disease of the lymph nodes. ...
Azskeptic 17:34, 10 July 2007 (UTC) Lymphedema, also spelled lymphoedema, also known as lymphatic obstruction, is a condition of localized fluid retention caused by a compromised lymphatic system. ...
Lymphadenopathy is swelling of one or more lymph nodes. ...
In physiology and medicine, hypotension refers to an abnormally low blood pressure. ...
Orthostatic hypotension (also known as postural hypotension, orthostatic intolerance and, colloquially, as head rush or a dizzy spell) is a sudden fall in blood pressure, typically greater than 20/10 mm Hg, that occurs when a person assumes a standing position, usually after a prolonged period of rest. ...
Rheumatic fever is an inflammatory disease which may develop after a Group A streptococcal infection (such as strep throat or scarlet fever) and can involve the heart, joints, skin, and brain. ...
This article is about the organ. ...
The subcutis is the layer of tissue directly underlying the cutis. ...
In zootomy, the integumentary system is the external covering of the body, comprising the skin, hair, scales, nails, sweat glands and their products (sweat and mucus). ...
An infection is the detrimental colonization of a host organism by a foreign species. ...
Staphylococcus (in Greek staphyle means bunch of grapes and coccos means granule) is a genus of Gram-positive bacteria. ...
Boil or furuncle is a skin disease caused by the inflammation of hair follicles, thus resulting in the localized accumulation of pus and dead tissues. ...
For other uses, see Carbuncle (disambiguation). ...
This article is about the nail disease. ...
Species See text. ...
Erythrasma is a skin disease that can result in pink patches, which can turn into brown scales. ...
For the packaging type, see Blister pack. ...
Pemphigus is an autoimmune disorder that causes blistering and raw sores on skin and mucous membranes. ...
Bullous pemphigoid, also referred to as BP, is a chronic autoimmune skin disease, involving the formation of blisters below the surface of the skin and antibodies against collagen XVII. It can also (albeit only rarely) involve the mucous membranes, and has been shown to afflict dogs, cats, pigs, and horses...
Dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) or Duhrings Disease, is a skin disorder often associated with celiac disease. ...
Dermatitis is a blanket term literally meaning inflammation of the skin. It is usually used to refer to eczema, which is also known as Dermatitis eczema. ...
For the beetle, see Exema. ...
For the album by Ivor Cutler, see Dandruff (album). ...
An infant with Cradle Cap Close up image of Cradle Cap Cradle Cap (Infantile seborrhoeic dermatitis, or crusta lactea, milk crust, honeycomb disease; croûte de lait, eczéma infantile, dermatite atopique infantile (French); ne shqip njihet si - rrjebull ose rrjebulla (Albanian); crosta lattea (Italian); and σμηγματόÏÏοια του Ï„ÏÎ¹Ï‡Ï‰Ï„Î¿Ï Ï„Î·Ï‚ κεφαλής των νεογνών (Greek)) is a patchy...
Diaper rash (U.S.) or nappy rash (UK), is a generic term applied to skin rashes in the diaper area that are caused by a various skin disorders and/or irritants. ...
Toxicodendron pubescens (Atlantic Poison-oak), one of a large number of species containing urushiol irritants. ...
Contact dermatitis is a term for a skin reaction resulting from exposure to allergens or irritants. ...
Erythroderma refers to a skin disorder characterized by the widespread reddening of the skin. ...
Lichen simplex chronicus is a skin disorder characterized by chronic itching and scratching. ...
Prurigo nodularis (PN) is a skin disease characterised by pruritic (itchy) nodules which usually appear on the arms or legs. ...
For other uses, see Itch (disambiguation). ...
Pruritus ani is a medical term which refers to persistent itching of the anus (and in Latin means literally the same thing). ...
Nummular dermatitis is one of the many forms of dermatitis. ...
Late stage of dyshidrosis on the hands Also known as Dyshidrotic Eczema Dyshidrotic Dermatitis Pompholyx Dyshidrosis is a skin condition that is characterized by small blisters on the hands or feet. ...
Pityriasis alba is a common skin condition mostly occurring in children and usually seen as dry, fine scaled, pale patches on their faces. ...
A papulosquamous disorder is a condition which presents with both papules and scales,[1] or both scaly papules and plaques. ...
Psoriatic arthritis (or Arthropathic psoriasis) is a type of inflammatory arthritis that affects around 20% of people suffering from the chronic skin condition Psoriasis. ...
Parapsoriasis refers to one of a group of skin disorders that are characterized primarily by their resemblance to psoriasis (red, scaly lesions), rather than by their underlying etiology. ...
Pityriasis Lichenoides et Varioliformis Acuta, or Mucha Habermanns Disease, short form PLEVA, is a disease of the immune system. ...
Pityriasis lichenoides chronica is the chronic version of the Pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta, also called Mucha Habermanns Disease. ...
Pityriasis rosea is a skin disease marked by patches of pink, oval rash. ...
Lichen planus is an inflammatory disease that affects the skin and the oral mucosa. ...
Pityriasis Rubra Pilaris (PRP) is a chronic rare skin disorder characterized by reddish orange color of the skin, and scaling, flaky skin. ...
Lichen nitidus is a chronic inflammatory disease of unknown etiology[1], characterized by 1-2mm, discrete and uniform, shiny, flat-topped, pale flesh-colored or reddish-brown papules[2][3] that may be hypopigmented in blacks, and, occasionally, minimal scaling is present or can be induced by rubbing the surface...
Erythema is redness of the skin caused by capillary congestion. ...
Seen in about 5 percent of the population, Dermatographism is caused by Mast cells in the surface of the skin releasing histamines upon light scratching of the skins surface. ...
Cholinergic urticaria is subcategory of physical urticaria (aka hives) that is a skin rash brought on by a hypersensitive reaction to body heat. ...
Erythema is redness of the skin caused by capillary congestion. ...
Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) is a severe and potentially life-threatening (15% of cases) disease, it is a hypersensitivity complex affecting the skin and the mucous membranes, a severe expression of erythema multiforme (EM) (and so SJS is also called erythema multiforme major). ...
Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) is a severe and life-threatening condition. ...
Toxic epidermal necrolysis is a life-threatening and usually drug-induced dermatological condition that occurs more often in women than in men. ...
Erythema nodosum is a form of inflammation of the subcutaneous fatty tissue. ...
Erythema annulare centrifugum is a descriptive term for a skin lesion consisting of redness (=erythema) in a ring form (=annulare) that spreads from the center (= centrifugum). ...
Erythema marginatum is described as the presence of pink rings on the trunk and inner surfaces of the arms and legs which come and go for as long as several months. ...
For other uses, see Radiation (disambiguation). ...
Actinic keratosis (also called solar keratosis, or AK) is a premalignant condition of thick, scaly, or crusty patches of skin. ...
Polymorphic Light Eruption (PLE) is a skin complaint caused by sunlight. ...
Radiodermatitis is a skin disease associated with prolonged exposure to radiation. ...
Erythema ab igne (EAI, or dermatitis ab igne) refers to skin that is reddened due to repeated exposure to heat radiation. ...
Skin appendages are appendages that are associated with the skin and serve a particular function. ...
Nail diseases are in a separate category from diseases of the skin. ...
Onychocryptosis, commonly known as ingrown nails (unguis incarnatus) or ingrowing nails, is a common form of nail disease. ...
Onychogryposis, also called rams-horn nail, is a thickening and increase in curvature of the nail. ...
Beaus lines: Deep grooved lines that run from side to side on the fingernail. ...
Yellow Nail Syndrome is the term that describes the triad of pleural effusions, lymphoedema and yellow dystrophic nails. ...
Alopecia is a set of disorders ranging from male and female pattern alopecia (alopecia androgenetica), to alopecia areata, which involves the loss of some of the hair from the head, alopecia totalis, which involves the loss of all head hair, to the most extreme form, alopecia universalis, which involves the...
Alopecia totalis is the loss of all head hair. ...
Alopecia universalis is a medical disorder in which the afflicted are unable to grow hair on the entire body. ...
Ophiasis is a form of alopecia areata characterized by the the loss of hair in the shape of a wave at the circumference of the head. ...
Telogen Effluvium is characterized by sudden, diffuse hair loss caused by an interruption in the normal hair growth cycle. ...
A form of Alopecia (gradual hair loss) caused primarily by pulling force being applied to the hair. ...
Lichen planus is an inflammatory disease that usually affects the skin, the mouth, or sometimes both. ...
Trichorrhexis nodosa is a defect in the hair shaft characterized by thickening or weak points (nodes) that cause the hair to break off easily. ...
Hypertrichosis is a medical term, also known as Wolfitis, referring to a condition of excessive body hair. ...
Hirsutism (from Latin hirsutus = shaggy, hairy) is defined as excessive and increased hair growth in women in locations where the occurrence of terminal hair normally is minimal or absent. ...
This article is about a skin disease commonly found during adolescence. ...
Rosacea (IPA: ) is a common but often misunderstood condition that is estimated to affect over 45 million people worldwide. ...
Perioral dermatitis Perioral dermatitis, a condition related to acne vulgaris, consists of red superficial pustules around the mouth and chin and the sides of the nose. ...
Rhinophyma is a descriptive term for a large, bulbous, ruddy appearance of the nose caused by granulomatous infiltration. ...
An epidermoid cyst is a benign cyst, developed out of ectodermal tissue. ...
Close-up of an infected sebaceous cyst that has abscessed, located behind the ear lobe. ...
Steatocystoma multiplex is a congenital conditions resulting in multiple cysts on the body. ...
Pseudofolliculitis barbae (pronounced //) is a medical term for persistent inflammation caused by shaving. ...
Hidradenitis suppurativa or HS is a skin disease that affects areas bearing apocrine sweat glands and hair follicles; such as the underarms, groin and buttocks. ...
Folliculitis is inflammation of one or more hair follicles. ...
A diagrammatic sectional view of the skin (magnified). ...
Not to be confused with malaria. ...
Anhidrosis means lack of sweating. ...
Sweating (also called perspiration or sometimes transpiration) is the loss of a watery fluid, consisting mainly of sodium chloride and urea in solution, that is secreted by the sweat glands in the skin of mammals. ...
Bromhidrosis or body odor (also called bromidrosis, osmidrosis and ozochrotia) is the smell of bacteria growing on the body. ...
Chromhidrosis is a rare condition characterized by the secretion of colored sweat. ...
Fox-Fordyce disease is a chronic blockage of the sweat gland ducts with a secondary, nonbacterial inflammatory response to the secretions and cellular debris in the cysts. ...
Not to be confused with alphos, a form of leprosy once called vitiligo. ...
Melasma (also known as chloasma or the mask of pregnancy when present in pregnant women) is a tan or dark facial skin discoloration. ...
Freckles are small colored spots of melanin on the exposed skin or membrane of people with complexions fair enough for them to be visible. ...
Café au lait spots or cafe-au-lait spots (CAL) are pigmented birthmarks. ...
Lentigo is a type of brown skin lesion. ...
Liver spots are blemishes on the skin associated with ageing and exposure to ultra-violet radiation from the sun. ...
Seborrheic keratosis (Seborrhoeic keratosisis) a kind of benign skin growth that is very common among people over 40 years of age. ...
Acanthosis nigricans is a brown to black, poorly defined, velvety hyperpigmentation of the skin, usually present in the posterior and lateral folds of the neck, the axilla, groin, umbilicus, and other areas. ...
This article is about calluses and corns of human skin. ...
Bedsores, more properly termed pressure ulcers, are ulcers (sores) caused by pressure, friction or shear on vulnerable areas of the body, such as bony or cartilaginous areas. ...
Lichen sclerosus (LS) (also known as lichen sclerosus et atrophicus (LSA), white-spot disease) is an uncommon disease of unknown cause that results in white patches on the skin, which may cause scarring on and around genital skin[1]. Several risk factors have been proposed, including autoimmune diseases, infections and...
Acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans (ACA) also known as Pick-Herxheimer disease, is a skin rash indicative of the third or late stage of European Lyme borreliosis. ...
A keloid is a special type of scar which results in an overgrowth of tissue at the site of a healed skin injury. ...
Granuloma annulare is a chronic skin disease consisting of a rash with reddish bumps arranged in a circle or ring. ...
Necrobiosis lipoidica is a necrotizing skin condition that usually occurs in patients with diabetes. ...
Granuloma faciale (GF) is an uncommon benign chronic skin disease of unknown origin characterized by single or multiple cutaneous nodules, usually occurring over the face. ...
Her first appearance was in Atari Force #1, Morphea is a DC Comics character who is an alien Canopian in the DC Universe. ...
Calcinosis cutis (or cutaneous calcification) is a type of calcinosis wherein calcium deposits form in the skin. ...
Sclerodactyly is a localized thickening and tightness of the skin of the fingers or toes. ...
Ainhum disease is the autoamputation of the fifth toe. ...
Livedoid vasculitis (also known as livedo vasculitis, livedo reticularis, and livedoid vasculopathy) is a vascular disorder mostly affecting women. ...
Pyogenic granuloma, also referred to as pregnancy tumor, is a primarily oral pathologic condition that appears in the mouth as an overgrowth of tissue due to irritation or trauma. ...
// Q00-Q99 - Congenital malformations, deformations and chromosomal abnormalities (Q00-Q07) Congenital malformations of the nervous system (Q00) Anencephaly and similar malformations (Q01) Encephalocele (Q02) Microcephaly (Q03) Congenital hydrocephalus (Q04) Other congenital malformations of brain (Q05) Spina bifida (Q06) Other congenital malformations of spinal cord (Q07) Other congenital malformations of nervous...
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