Vasily Kalinnikov (January 13 (January 1, Old Style), 1866 – January 11, 1901) was a Russian composer of two symphonies, several additional orchestral works and numerous songs, all of them imbued with characteristics of folksong. His symphonies, particularly the First, were frequently performed in the early 20th century. In recent years his fame has diminished but the symphonies are available in recordings conducted January 13 is the 13th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... January 1 is the first day of the calendar year in both the Julian and Gregorian calendars. ... In Britain and countries of the British Empire, Old Style or O.S. after a date means that the date is in the Julian calendar, in use in those countries until 1752; New Style or N.S. means that the date is in the Gregorian calendar, adopted on 14 September... 1866 is a common year starting on Monday. ... January 11 is the 11th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1901 (MCMI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ...

Kalinnikov studied at the seminary at Oryol, becoming director of the choir there at fourteen. Later he went to the Moscow Conservatory, but he couldn't pay his tuition fees there. On a scholarship he went to the Philharmonic Society School at Moscow, where he received bassoon and composition lessons from Alexander Il'yinsky. He played bassoon, timpani and violin in theater orchestras. He supplemented his income by working as a music copyist. Orel or Oryol (Орёл) is a city in Russia, administrative center of the Oryol Oblast. ... The Moscow Conservatory is a prominent music school in Russia. ... Moscow (Russian: Москва́, Moskva, IPA: ▶ (help· info)) is the capital of Russia, located on the river Moskva. ...

In 1892, Tchaikovsky recommended Kalinnikov for director of the Malïy Theater, and later that same year to the Moscow Italian Theater. Due to his worsening health and tuberculosis, Kalinnikov had to resign his theater appointments and move to the warmer, southern clime of the Crimeas. He lived at Yalta for the rest of his life, and it was here that he wrote his two Symphonies and the incidental music for Alexey Tolstoy's Tsar Boris. Thanks to Sergei Rachmaninoff's help, the publisher Jurgensen bought three Kalinnikov songs for 120 rubles, and later the Symphony No. 2 in A major. The Symphony No. 1 in G minor, which uses some cyclic principles, was performed in Berlin, Vienna and Moscow during his lifetime, but not published until after his death, so Jurgensen increased the fees he would have paid Kalinnikov, and paid them to his widow. He was also survived by a brother, Viktor, who composed choral music and taught at the Philharmonic School. Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky (Russian Пётр Ильи́ч Чайко́вский, sometimes transliterated as Piotr, Anglicised as Peter Ilich), (May 7, 1840 – November 6, 1893 (N.S.); April 25, 1840 – October 25, 1893 (O.S.)) was a Russian composer of the Romantic era. ... Tuberculosis (commonly shortened to TB) is an infection caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which most commonly affects the lungs (pulmonary TB) but can also affect the central nervous system (meningitis), lymphatic system, circulatory system (Miliary tuberculosis), genitourinary system, bones and joints. ... The Crimea /kraɪˈmia/ is a peninsula and an autonomous republic of Ukraine on the northern coast of the Black Sea. ... View of Yalta Yalta (Russian: Ялта) is a town in the Crimea in southern Ukraine, on the north coast of the Black Sea. ... Coat of arms of Count Leo Tolstoy Tolstoy, or Tolstoi (Russian: ) is a prominent family of Russian nobility, descending from one Andrey Kharitonovich Tolstoy (i. ... Sergei Vasilievich Rachmaninoff (Russian: , Sergej Vasilevič Rahmaninov, April 1, 1873 (N.S.) or March 20, 1873 (O.S.) – March 28, 1943) was a Russian-born American composer, pianist, and conductor. ...

In 2000, one of the lesser known works by Kalinnikov, overture Bylina (probably composed around 1892), unexpectedly came into the public light. One of the lyrical themes in the overture (repeated several times in the second half of the overture) turned out to be strikingly similar to the beginning of Alexander Alexandrov's Soviet anthem music composed in 1936–1943. This similarity was used as one of the arguments for restoring the Soviet anthem tune in the State Duma debate. Indeed, Alexandrov's music with new words became the anthem of Russia the same year. The causal link between Bylina and the anthem has not been established; the similarity might well be a mere coincidence.en:Vasilij Kalinnikov This article is about the year 2000. ... The National Anthem of the Soviet Union (or Hymn, Russian Гимн Советского Союза, Gimn Sovetskogo Soyuza) replaced the Internationale as the national anthem on March 15, 1944. ... The State Duma (Russian: Государственная дума (Gosudarstvennaya Duma), common abbreviation: Госдума (Gosduma)) in the Russian Federation is the lower house of the Federal Assembly of Russia (legislature), the upper house being the Federation Council of Russia. ... The National Anthem of Russia (Russian: ) is composed by Alexander Alexandrov, lyrics written by Sergey Mikhalkov. ...