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Encyclopedia > Velarized alveolar lateral approximant
IPA – number 209
IPA – text ɫ
IPA – image {{{imagesize}}}
Entity ɫ
X-SAMPA 5
Kirshenbaum l<vzd>
Sound sample (help· info)


The velarized alveolar lateral approximant, which may actually be uvularized or pharyngealized, also known as dark l, is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. Not to be confused with the NATO phonetic alphabet, which has also informally been called the “International Phonetic Alphabet”. For information on how to read IPA transcriptions of English words, see IPA chart for English. ... IPA symbols, detail from Image:Ipa-chart-diacritics. ... HTML has been in use since 1991 (note that the W3C international standard is now XHTML), but the first standardized version with a reasonably complete treatment of international characters was version 4. ... The Extended SAM Phonetic Alphabet (X-SAMPA) is a variant of SAMPA developed in 1995 by John C. Wells, professor of phonetics at the University of London. ... Kirshenbaum, sometimes called ASCII-IPA, is a system used to represent the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) in ASCII. It was developed for Usenet, notably the newsgroups sci. ... Image File history File links Velarized alveolar lateral approximant. ... In articulatory phonetics, a consonant is a sound in spoken language that is characterized by a closure or stricture of the vocal tract sufficient to cause audible turbulence. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...


Features

Features of the velarized alveolar lateral approximant:

In linguistics, manner of articulation describes how the tongue, lips, and other speech organs involved in making a sound make contact. ... Approximants are speech sounds that could be regarded as intermediate between vowels and typical consonants. ... Places of articulation (passive & active): 1. ... Alveolar consonants are articulated with the tongue against or close to the superior alveolar ridge, which is called that because it contains the alveoli (the sockets) of the superior teeth. ... An apical consonant is a phone produced by obstructing the air passage with the apex of the tongue (i. ... A laminal consonant is a phone produced by obstructing the air passage with the blade of the tongue, which is the flat top front surface just behind the tip of the tongue. ... An alveolar ridge is one of the two jaw ridges either on the roof of the mouth between the upper teeth and the hard palate or on the bottom of the mouth behind the lower teeth. ... Secondary articulation refers to co-articulated consonants (consonants produced simultaneously at two places of articulation) where the two articulations are not of the same manner. ... Velarization is a secondary articulation of consonants by which the back of the tongue is raised toward the velum during the articulation of the consonant. ... Pharyngealisation is a secondary feature of phonemes in a language. ... This article includes a list of works cited or a list of external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks in-text citations. ... The soft palate, or velum, is the soft tissue comprising the back of the roof of the mouth. ... This is a disambiguation page &#8212; a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... Diagram showing the uvula, tonsils, soft palate, and tongue Uvula without tonsils (after tonsillectomy) The uvula (IPA: ) is a small, mucosa-covered set of muscles, musculus uvulae, hanging down from the soft palate, near the back of the throat. ... In phonetics, phonation is the use of the laryngeal system to generate an audible source of acoustic energy, i. ... An oral consonant is a consonant sound in speech that is made by allowing air to escape from the mouth. ... Laterals are L-like consonants pronounced with an occlusion made somewhere along the axis of the tongue, while air from the lungs escapes at one side or both sides of the tongue. ... In phonetics, initiation is the action by which an air-flow is created through the vocal tract. ... This page is a candidate to be moved to Wiktionary. ... Respiratory system The lungs flank the heart and great vessels in the chest cavity. ... The space between the vocal cords is called the glottis. ...

In English

In many dialects of English, including Received Pronunciation, the velarized lateral alveolar approximant occurs in syllable coda position, as in bell and milk. In syllable onset position, however, the non-velarized or "plain" alveolar lateral approximant is found. In other words, the dark l is the l-sound used in bell and milk, as opposed to the clear l, which is the l-sound used in lad or lip. The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ... Note: This page or section contains IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. ... Note: This page contains phonetic information presented in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) using Unicode. ... In phonetics and phonology, a syllable onset is the part of a syllable that precedes the syllable nucleus. ... The alveolar lateral approximant is a type of consonantal sound used in some spoken languages. ...


Some other dialects of English, such as Scottish English, use a velarized or dark l in all positions, while Hiberno-English (Irish English) uses clear l everywhere. Some English accents, such as Cockney, Estuary English, South Australian English, and, to a lesser extent, the African American Vernacular English use [w], [u] or [o] instead of dark l's, a process known as l-vocalization (so that bell becomes "beww" and milk becomes "miwk"). Similar changes are found in other languages, such as Serbian, as seen in the Serbian name Beograd of Belgrade. Scottish English is usually taken to mean the standard form of the English language used in Scotland, often termed Scottish Standard English. ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... St Mary-le-Bow The term cockney refers to working-class inhabitants of London, particularly east London, and the slang used by these people. ... Estuary English is a name given to the form of English widely spoken in South East England, especially along the river Thames and its estuary. ... South Australian English is the collective name given to the varieties of English spoken in the Australian State of South Australia. ... Note: This page or section contains IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. ... In linguistics, l-vocalization is a process by which an sound (a lateral consonant) is replaced by a vowel or semivowel sound. ... Serbian (српски језик; srpski jezik) is one of the standard versions of the Shtokavian dialect, used primarily in Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Croatia, and by Serbs everywhere. ... Belgrade (Serbian: Београд or Beograd  ) is the capital and the largest city of Serbia. ...


In other languages

  • Albanian: phoneme /ɫ/ is spelled "ll", as in halla [ˈhaɫa] "armpit" (contrasts with phoneme /l/ spelled "l")
  • Catalan: the velarized sound [ɫ] is the usual allophone of Catalan alveolar lateral phoneme /l/ spelled "l" (contrasts with the palatal lateral phoneme /ʎ/ spelled "ll"), and this "dark l" sound is seen as a stereotypical marker of Catalan speakers in Spain, because it contrasts with the "clear l" pronunciation of Spanish speakers.
  • European Portuguese: Gilberto [ʒiɫˈbeɾtu] (personal name)
  • German: Many Austrian and Southern German dialects have a "dark l" (e.g., the Meidlinger L from Vienna) that is especially noticeable in contrast to the more common "clear l" of High German.
  • Polish (eastern dialects): łapa [ˈɫapa], "paw"
  • Russian: малый [ˈmaɫɨj], "small"
  • Scottish Gaelic uses the dark l as an allophone of [ʎ] and standard [l] to show grammatical differences, the dark l being a "broad l," (followed by a broad vowel, "a" "o" or "u") and [ʎ] being a "slender l" (followed by "e" or "i") where these two sounds occur at the beginning of a word. The broad l in the middle of a word does not change, although the slender l becomes [l] in the middle of words. The slender l also changes to [l] in instances of lenition.
  Consonants (List, table) See also: IPA, Vowels  
Pulmonics Bilabial Lab'den. Dental Alveolar Postalv. Retroflex Palatal Velar Uvular Pharyn. Epiglottal Glottal Non-pulmonics and other symbols
Nasals m ɱ n̪ n ɳ ɲ ŋ ɴ Clicks  ʘ ǀ ǃ ǂ ǁ
Plosives p b p̪ b̪ t̪ d̪ t d ʈ ɖ c ɟ k ɡ q ɢ ʡ ʔ Implo­­sives  ɓ ɗ ʄ ɠ ʛ
Fricatives  ɸ β f v θ ð s z ʃ ʒ ʂ ʐ ç ʝ x ɣ χ ʁ ħ ʕ ʜ ʢ h ɦ Ejec­­tives  pʼ tʼ kʼ qʼ sʼ
Approximants  β̞ ʋ ð̞ ɹ ɻ j ɰ Other laterals  ɺ ɫ
Trills ʙ r • ʀ • Co-articulated approximants ʍ w ɥ
Flaps & Taps ѵ̟ ѵ ɾ ɽ • Co-articulated fricatives ɕ ʑ ɧ
Lat. Fricatives ɬ ɮ • • • Affricates  ʦ ʣ ʧ ʤ
Lat. Appr'mants l ɭ ʎ ʟ Co-articulated stops  k͡p ɡ͡b ŋ͡m
This page contains phonetic information in IPA, which may not display correctly in some browsers. [Help]
Where symbols appear in pairs, the one to the right represents a voiced consonant. Shaded areas denote pulmonic articulations judged impossible.

  Results from FactBites:
 
Science Fair Projects - Velarized alveolar lateral approximant (422 words)
Its place of articulation is alveolar which means it is articulated with the tip of the tongue against the alveolar ridge.
It is a lateral consonant, which means it is produced by allowing the airstream to flow over the sides of the tongue, rather than the middle of the tongue.
The velarized lateral alveolar approximant occurs in English, and it is the sound denoted by the letter 'l' in bell and milk.
Velarized alveolar lateral approximant - definition of Velarized alveolar lateral approximant in Encyclopedia (290 words)
The velarized lateral alveolar approximant occurs in English, and it is the sound denoted by the letter "l" in bell and milk.
Its place of articulation is alveolar which means it is articulated with the tip of the tongue against the alveolar ridge.
It is a lateral consonant, which means it is produced by allowing the airstream to flow over the sides of the tongue, rather than the center of the tongue.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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