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Encyclopedia > Velupillai Prabhakaran
Velupillai Pirapakaran
Born Velupillai Pirapakaran
26 November 1954 (age 53)
Velvettithurai
Residence Northern Sri Lanka
Other names Pirabaharan or as Thambi
Occupation Leader of LTTE
Political party Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam
Spouse Mathivathani Erambu
Children Three[1]

Sri Lankan Conflict Image File history File links Unbalanced_scales. ... Image File history File links Unbalanced_scales. ... is the 330th day of the year (331st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1954 (MCMLIV) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... LTTE is an acronym or initialism for: Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam Known for their guerilla warfare forcibly killing every other independent groups aiming for seperate state. ... LTTE is an acronym or initialism for: Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam Known for their guerilla warfare forcibly killing every other independent groups aiming for seperate state. ... Combatants Military of Sri Lanka Indian Peace Keeping Force Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam Commanders Junius Richard Jayawardene (1983-89) Ranasinghe Premadasa (1989-93) Dingiri Banda Wijetunge (1993-94) Chandrika Kumaratunga (1994-2005) Mahinda Rajapaksa (2005-present) Velupillai Prabhakaran (1983-present) Strength 111,000[1] 11,000[1] The Sri...

Background
Sri Lanka • History of Sri Lanka
Origins of the Civil War
Origins of the Civil War
Black JulyRiots and pogroms
Human rightsAllegations of state terror
Tamil militant groups
LTTE
LTTE • Attacks • Expulsion of Muslims from Jaffna
Current major figures
Mahinda Rajapaksa
Velupillai Prabhakaran
Karuna Amman
Gotabaya Rajapaksa
Sarath Fonseka
Indian Involvement
Operation Poomalai
Indo-Sri Lanka Accord
Indian Peace Keeping Force
Rajiv GandhiRAW
See also
Military of Sri Lanka
TMVPEPDP
Notable assassinationsChild soldiers
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Velupillai Prabhakaran (Tamil: வேலுப்பிள்ளை பிரபாகரன்; born November 26, 1954), also known as Thambi,[2] is the leader of the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam, a rebel organization that seeks an independent Tamil nation in part of the territory of Sri Lanka. The recorded History of Sri Lanka boasts of 25 chronicled centuries. ... The origins of the Sri Lankan civil war lie in sharp disagreements over language, access to universities, and riots between Sri Lankas majority Sinhalese, mostly Buddhist, and minority Tamil, mostly Hindu and Christian, community. ... Location of Sri Lanka Black July is the commonly used name of the pogroms starting in Sri Lanka on July 23, 1983. ... Following is a List of riots and pogroms in Sri Lanka. ... The situation of human rights in Sri Lanka is generally considered to be very poor[1]. Major human rights groups such as Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch have repeatedly expressed concern about the states of human rights in Sri Lanka. ... Burnt shell of the post event library Several groups have alleged that there have been instances of state terrorism in Sri Lanka. ... Sri Lankan Tamil militant groups rose to prominence in the 1970s to fight the state of Sri Lanka to create an independent Tamil Eelam. ... This article is about Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Percy Mahendra Mahinda Rajapaksa () (born November 18, 1945) is the current President of the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka. ... Karuna Amman was the second highest commanding officer of the LTTE who broke away due to Tigers attacks on civilians in Batticaloa, corruption within LTTE and the recruitment of child soldiers. ... Gotabhaya Rajapaksa Lieutenant Colonel (Ret) Gotabhaya Rajapaksa RWP, RSP, GR is the current Permanent Secretary to the Ministry of Defence of the Government of Sri Lanka. ... Category: ... Operation Poomalai or Eagle Mission 4 was the codename assigned to a mercy mission undertaken by the Indian Air Force to airdrop humanitarian relief supplies over the town of Jaffna and Jaffna Peninsula on 4 June 1987. ... The Indo-Sri Lanka Peace Accord was an accord signed in Colombo on July 29, 1987, between Indian Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi and President J.R. Jayewardene. ... Indian Peace Keeping Force (IPKF), was the Indian military contingent performing a peacekeeping operation in Sri Lanka between 1987 and 1990. ... Rajiv Ratna Gandhi राजीव गाधीं (IPA: ), born in Mumbai, (August 20, 1944 – May 21, 1991), the eldest son of Indira and Feroze Gandhi, was the 7th Prime Minister of India (and the 2nd from the Gandhi family) from his mothers death on 31 October 1984 until his resignation on December 2... This article is about the Indian intelligence agency. ... The Military of Sri Lanka consists of Three Branches which are the Army, Navy, Air Force which comes under the Ministry of Defence. ... Tamileela Makkal Viduthalai Pulikal (Tamil: தமிழீழ மக்கள் விடுதலைப்புலிகள், English: Tamileela Peoples Liberation Tigers) is a political party and paramilitary group formed in 2004 by break-away LTTE Military Head of Batticaloa district V. Muralitharan (Colonel Karuna). ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... Since the onset of the Sri Lankan Civil War in 1983, militant and paramilitary groups have assassinated many public figures on suspicion of being sympahtizers or informants, in retaliation for killings and attacks, to eliminate competition from rival groups, or to stifle dissent. ... Military use of children in Sri Lanka has been an internationally recognized problem since the inception of the Sri Lankan civil war in 1983. ... Tamil ( ; IPA ) is a Dravidian language spoken predominantly by Tamils in India and Sri Lanka, with smaller communities of speakers in many other countries. ... is the 330th day of the year (331st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1954 (MCMLIV) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam. ... Tamil ( ; IPA ) is a Dravidian language spoken predominantly by Tamils in India and Sri Lanka, with smaller communities of speakers in many other countries. ...


He is currently wanted by Interpol for terrorism, murder, organized crime and terrorism conspiracy.[3] Although during an interview he stated that the LTTE are not yet ready to give up the demand for an independent state, he has suggested that this may be a possibility once the "Tamil homeland, Tamil nationality and Tamil right to self-determination" are politically recognised and accepted. This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Terrorist redirects here. ... Organized crime or criminal organizations are groups or operations run by criminals, most commonly for the purpose of generating a monetary profit. ... In the criminal law, a conspiracy is an agreement between natural persons to break the law at some time in the future, and, in some cases, with at least one overt act in furtherance of that agreement. ...

Contents

Spelling of the name

There are different approaches to render his name in Latin script, which appear very different at first sight. The most straightforward option is a transliteration according to the Library of Congress transliteration schema. Given that the name is வேலுப்பிள்ளை பிரபாகரன in Tamil, this yields Vēluppillai Pirapākaran. People unfamilar with this transliteration model tend to mispronounce the name, which is why outside academia, a more phonetic rendering (a transcription) is often found. The pronunciation of the name is [ʋeːlʊppɨllaəppɨraːbaharan]. This is approximated in a spelling based on English conventions by "Pirapakaran", "Pirapaharan" or "Pirabaharan". A third option is to trace the history of the name back to its origins in Sanskrit, and then apply the Library of Congress transliteration rules. This gives the version most often used in Western media, namely "Prabhakaran". In Tamil, there is no contrast in voicing or aspiration of stops, so that for Tamils it is not immediately obvious why they should care about the difference between p and bh in Sanskrit, when this is not important in their language. Given that Tamils prefer to be seen as distinct from Indo-Aryans, the Sanskrit spelling of the name is not popular in English language Tamil media. The Latin alphabet, also called the Roman alphabet, is the most widely used alphabetic writing system in the world, the standard script of the English language and most of the languages of western and central Europe, and of those areas settled by Europeans. ... The National Library at Kolkata romanization is the most widely used transliteration scheme in dictionaries and grammars of Indic languages. ... Look up Transcription in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Etymologies redirects here. ... Sanskrit ( , for short ) is a classical language of India, a liturgical language of Hinduism, Buddhism, Sikhism, and Jainism, and one of the 23 official languages of India. ... In linguistics, distinctive features are the elements which distinguish one phoneme or allophone from one another. ... The term voicing may refer to: In phonetics, a type of phonation. ... Look up aspiration, aspirate in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Look up stop in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... In human language, a phoneme is the theoretical representation of a sound. ... Tamil nationalism is a strong aspiration by some Tamils to establish traditional Tamil homelands in parts of India and Sri Lanka as separate nations. ...


Biography

Prabhakaran was born in the northern coastal town of Velvettithurai, Sri Lanka to Thiruvenkadam Velupillai and Vallipuram Parvathy. Velupillai Prabhakaran is belonging to Karaiyar community in Velvettithurai.[1] In 1972, at the age of 18, Velupillai Pirapakaran founded an organization named Tamil New Tigers (TNT) which was a successor to many initial organizations that protested against the post colonial political direction of the country that pitted the minority Sri Lankan Tamils against the majority Sinhalese people.Political situation[›] Velvettithurai is a small costal village in the north-eastern cost of Jaffna peninsula, Sri Lanka. ... ... Velvettithurai is a small costal village in the north-eastern cost of Jaffna peninsula, Sri Lanka. ... ... Sri Lankan Tamils also known as Eelam Tamils, Ceylonese or Ceylon Tamils and Jaffna Tamils are today a trans-national minority, and are Tamil people from Sri Lanka. ... Language(s) Sinhala Religion(s) Theravada Buddhism, Christianity, small groups of atheists, agnostics, Muslims, others Related ethnic groups Indo-Aryans, Dravidians, Veddahs, Bengalis The Sinhalese are the main ethnic group of Sri Lanka. ...


In 1975, after becoming heavily involved in the Tamil movement, he carried out his first political murder by murdering the mayor of Jaffna, Alfred Duraiappah, by shooting him at point blank range while he was about to enter the Hindu temple at Punnelary. The assassination was in response to the 1974 Tamil conference incident, and the Tamil radicals had blamed Alfred Duraiappah,[4] because he backed the then Sri Lanka Freedom Party(SLFP) implicated in the violence as well as for allegedly betraying the Tamil nationalist sentiments in the Jaffna peninsula.[5] Jaffna District. ... Alfred Duriappah was a former MP and mayor of Jaffna, Sri Lanka, whose murder allgedly by the LTTE leader Velupillai Prabhakaran marks the beginning of violent phase of the Sri Lankan civil war. ... 1974 Tamil conference incident is when during the fourth World Tamil Research Conference was held in the city of Jaffna between January 3 and 9, 1974, police action resulted in the tragic loss of nine lives, the loss of civilian property and more than 50 civilians sustaining severe injuries. ... The Sri Lanka Freedom Party is one of the major political parties in Sri Lanka. ... Jaffna District. ... A peninsula in Croatia A peninsula is a piece of land that is bordered on three or more sides by water. ...


On May 5, 1976, the TNT was renamed the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE), commonly known as the Tamil Tigers.[1] is the 125th day of the year (126th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1976 Pick up sticks(MCMLXXVI) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...



Religion is not a major factor in his philosophy or ideology. The LTTE is also an organization that does not cite any material from religion or religious texts in any of its ideological documents and propaganda but are driven only by the idea of Sri Lankan Tamil nationalism and considers it as the only single-minded approach and inspiration towards the attainment of an independent Tamil Eelam.


For instance, upper caste Hindus traditionally cremate their dead yet others don't, but LTTE fighters are buried. A few of the leading LTTE officers bare Catholic names, such as Anton Balasingham. Pirapakaran named his son Charles Anthony, after one of his most trusted associates, Charles Lucas Anthony, alias Seelan, who was killed in 1983. The crematorium at Haycombe Cemetery, Bath, England. ... Anton Stanislaus Balasingham (March 4, 1938-December 14, 2006) was the chief political strategist and chief negotiator of the separatist militant group Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam. ...


Personal life

There are not many insights onto Pirapakaran's personal life, either from his interviews or from cited media sources, although it is widely known that he is married to Mathivathani Erambu.[1] Their marriage was held in Tirupporur, near Madras (now Chennai) on 1 October 1984. They have a daughter named Duwaraka, a son named Charles Anthony and another son named Balachandran. Their whereabouts are not known, but it is widely speculated that they are not in Sri Lanka.[1] Madras refers to: the Indian city of Chennai, formerly known as Madras, the former Indian state, now known as Tamil Nadu (Plural of Madra): Ancient people of Iranian affinites, who lived in northwest Panjab in the Uttarapatha division of ancient India. ... Madras redirects here. ... is the 274th day of the year (275th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the year. ...


Velupillai Pirapakaran studied up to G.C.E. Ordinary level (Grade 12) at Chidampara College. Pirapakaran is also known to suffer from high blood pressure, diabetes, and TIAs.[1] A sphygmomanometer, a device used for measuring arterial pressure. ... This article is about the disease that features high blood sugar. ... A transient ischemic attack (TIA, often colloquially referred to as mini stroke) is caused by the temporary disturbance of blood supply to a restricted area of the brain, resulting in brief neurologic dysfunction that usually persists for less than 24 hours. ...



"Prabhakaran's wife, Mathivathani, would never have participated in a public function in Kilinochchi last Sunday (Dec 16) if her husband was in bed with a grievous injury. Also, she would never have attended a public function if the security situation was so bad," the journalist, who did not want to be identified | date=2007-12-23 | publisher= | url =http://www.defence.lk/new.asp?fname=20071223_01 | work =Ministry of Defence | pages = | accessdate = 2007-12-26 | language = }}</ref>


Sunday interview

In 1984, the Indian news magazine Sunday featured an interview with Pirapakaran in its March 11-17 issue. The interviewer was Anita Pratap, then a rookie journalist covering the Sri Lanka conflict. Pirapakaran would later offer her many more interviews, allowing Pratap to bring him and his motivations to life. She documented her insights into the conflict in her book Island of Blood: Frontline Reports From Sri Lanka, Afghanistan and Other South Asian Flashpoints (2001).


Authorities had been using a childhood picture found in a family album.[6]


Press conference at Killinochchi

Pirapakaran's first and only major press conference was held in Killinochchi on 10 April 2002. [7] It was reported that more than 200 journalists from the local and foreign media attended this event, and they had to go through a 10-hour security screening before the event[7] in which Anton Balasingham introduced the LTTE leader as the "President and Prime minister of Tamil Eelam" is the 100th day of the year (101st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Also see: 2002 (number). ...


A number of questions were asked about LTTE's commitment towards the erstwhile peace process and Pirapakaran and Dr. Anton Balasingham jointly answered the questions.


Answering a question from one of the reporters Pirapakaran said that he has instructed the LTTE cadres to kill [prabakaran] if he compromised on the goal of independent state. [7]


Repeated questions of his involvement in the Rajiv Gandhi assassination were only answered in a sober note by both Balasingham and Pirapakaran. They called it a "tragic incident" ("Thunbiyal Chambavam", as quoted in Tamil) and they requested the press "not to dig into an incident that happened 10 years ago". Rajiv Ratna Gandhi राजीव गाधीं (IPA: ), born in Mumbai, (August 20, 1944 – May 21, 1991), the eldest son of Indira and Feroze Gandhi, was the 7th Prime Minister of India (and the 2nd from the Gandhi family) from his mothers death on 31 October 1984 until his resignation on December 2...


During the interview he stated that the right condition has not risen to give up the demand of Tamil Eelam. He further mentioned that "There are three fundamentals. That is Tamil homeland, Tamil nationality and Tamil right to self-determination. These are the fundamental demands of the Tamil people. Once these demands are accepted or a political solution is put forward by recognising these three fundamentals and our people are satisfied with the solutions we will consider giving up the demand for Eelam." He further added that Tamil Eelam was not only the demand of the LTTE but also the demand of the Tamil people. [8]


Pirapakaran also answered a number of questions in which he reaffirmed their commitment towards peace process, quoted "We are sincerely committed to the peace process. It is because we are sincerely committed to peace that we continued a four month cessation of hostilities" and was also firm in de-proscription of the LTTE by Sri Lanka and India, "We want the government of India to lift the ban on the LTTE. We will raise the issue at the appropriate time."


Pirapakaran also insisted firmly that only de-proscription would bring forth an amenable solution to the ongoing peace process mediated by Norway: "We have informed the government, we have told the Norwegians that de-proscription is a necessary condition for the commencements of talks".[9][10]


Philosophy and ideology of Pirapakaran

Pirapakaran has not expressed an all encompassing systematic philosophy or ideology as such, but has declared his ideology to be driven by 'Revolutionary socialism and the creation of an egalitarian society'. He joined the Tamil nationalist movement in his youth and quickly established himself as a strong willed militant leader by founding LTTE. His rare interviews, his annual Tamil Eelam Heroes Day speeches, and the policies and actions of the LTTE can be taken as indicators of Pirapakaran’s philosophy and ideology. The following are important areas when considering philosophy and ideology of Pirapakaran. For other uses, see Philosophy (disambiguation). ... An ideology is an organized collection of ideas. ... The word militant has come to refer to any individual or party engaged in aggressive physical or verbal combat, normally for a cause. ...


Sri Lankan Tamil nationalism

Pirapakaran’s source of inspiration and direction is Sri Lankan Tamil nationalismSri Lankan Tamil Nationalism[›] . His stated and ultimate ideal is to get Tamil Eelam recognised as a nation as per the U.N. Charter that guarantees the right of a people to political independence[11] which has been given in their official web page. The LTTE also proposed the formation of an Interim Self-Governing Authority during Peace Negotiations in 2003. Area of Sri Lanka claimed for Tamil Eelam Political status Unrecognized state Languages      Tamil (de facto official) English Capital Trincomalee[1][2] (claimed) Kilinochchi (effective) Independence (from Sri Lanka) No official declaration   Area 19,509 km² claimed[3] Population (of claimed area) 3,162,254 (2001)[4] Currency Sri Lankan... For other uses, see Nation (disambiguation). ...


Militarism of the LTTE

As per his own views, Pirapakaran has explicitly stated that an armed struggle is the only way to resist an Asymmetric warfare, in which one side - that of the Sri Lankan government is armed and the other comparatively unarmed. He argues that he chose military means only after observing that non–violent means have been ineffectual and obsolete, especially after the Thileepan incident. Thileepan, a colonel rank officer adopted Gandhian means to protest against the IPKF killings by staging a fast unto death from 15 August 1987 and by abstaining from food or water till 27 August, he passed away in front of thousands of Tamils who had come there to fast along with him. This further strengthened Pirabahakaran's resolve that peaceful protests would either be ignored or crushed but never heard [12]. Asymmetric warfare originally referred to war between two or more actors or groups whose relative power differs significantly. ... Nonviolence (or non-violence), whether held as a moral philosophy or only employed as an action strategy, rejects the use of physical violence in efforts to attain social, economic or political change. ... Thileepan also known as Lt. ... Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (October 2, 1869 – January 30, 1948) (Devanagari: मोहनदास करमचन्द गांधी, Gujarati મોહનદાસ કરમચંદ ગાંધી), called Mahatma Gandhi, was the charismatic leader who brought the cause of Indias independence from British colonial rule to world attention. ... is the 227th day of the year (228th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1987 (MCMLXXXVII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link displays 1987 Gregorian calendar). ... is the 239th day of the year (240th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...


Modus Operandi

Pirapakaran is widely reported to have operated in India, primarily in Tamil Nadu prior to 1990s. Since his return to Sri Lanka, he has not traveled abroad. Tamil Nadu (தமிழ் நாடு, Land of the Tamils) is a state at the southern tip of India. ...


Perspectives on his approach

Velupillai Pirapakaran has been accused of building the LTTE around a personality cult. He is called "the great leader" and his picture is hung everywhere in rebel held areas. The LTTE claims they are the sole representative of Tamil people, and has steeped the entire culture into one of self-sacrifice and martyrdom.[13]


Those who wish to join the LTTE Black Tiger suicide squad have to write Pirapakaran a letter of application. Before they carry out their suicide missions they are granted a personal meal with him.[13]


Criminal indictments

Velupillai Pirapakaran has been wanted by Interpol and many other organizations since 1991 for "terrorism", "murder", "organized crime" and "terrorism conspiracy".[3] He has been issued a death warrant[14] by the Madras High Court in India for plotting the assassination of former Indian Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi in May, 1991 and in 2002 Judge Ambepitiya issued an open warrant to arrest him in connection with the 1996 Central Bank Bombing.[15] The judge found him guilty on 51 counts and sentenced him to 200 years in prison. This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Rajiv Ratna Gandhi राजीव गाधीं (IPA: ), born in Mumbai, (August 20, 1944 – May 21, 1991), the eldest son of Indira and Feroze Gandhi, was the 7th Prime Minister of India (and the 2nd from the Gandhi family) from his mothers death on 31 October 1984 until his resignation on December 2... The Central Bank Bombing was one of the most devastating terrorist bombings in the 1990s, and was the deadliest attack in the long civil war in Sri Lanka between the government and the Tamil Tigers. ...


Notes

  • ^ Political situation: Sri Lanka’s nation-building program became intimately linked with a Sinhalisation of the state directive.[16] One form of extremism and violence led to the other and by 1970's there were some minority radical Tamil youth who were legitimizing terrorist attacks against the state as a response to alleged state violence. [17]
  • ^ Sri Lankan Tamil Nationalism: Sri Lankan Tamil nationalism is expressed in the political desire by some to form an independent nation state called Tamil Eelam for the minority Sri Lankan Tamil people. Both moderate TULF and TNA and militant groups such as LTTE, EPRLF, PLOTE, EPDP etc have expressed such political goals either in the past or now.[18]

Sinhalisation is a term used to describe a cultural change in which ethnically non-Sinhalese become Sinhalese. ... This article is becoming very long. ... State Violence are all forms of violence practiced by nation-states on each other, the individual, or socio-culturaly identifiable groups. ... Area of Sri Lanka claimed for Tamil Eelam Political status Unrecognized state Languages      Tamil (de facto official) English Capital Trincomalee[1][2] (claimed) Kilinochchi (effective) Independence (from Sri Lanka) No official declaration   Area 19,509 km² claimed[3] Population (of claimed area) 3,162,254 (2001)[4] Currency Sri Lankan... The definition of a minority group can vary, depending on specific context, but generally refers to either a sociological sub-group that does not form either a majority or a plurality of the total population, or a group that, while not necessarily a numerical minority, is disadvantaged or otherwise has... see Sri Lankan Tamils ... TULF Election Symbol The Tamil United Liberation Front (in Tamil: தமிழர் ஐக்கிய விடுதலை முன்னணி, in Sinhala: Dravida Eksath Vimukthi Peramuna) is a political party in Sri Lanka, which seeks autonomy or independence for the Tamil-populated areas of Sri Lanka, which they call Tamil Eelam. ... TNA may refer to: TNA (nucleic acid) Tamil National Alliance, a political coalition in Sri Lanka The National Archives, in United Kingdom The New Amsterdams, a band Tonga Nurses Association Total Nonstop Action Wrestling Trinitroaniline T & A Category: ... LTTE is an acronym or initialism for: Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam Known for their guerilla warfare forcibly killing every other independent groups aiming for seperate state. ... The Eelam Peoples Revolutionary Liberation Front was a Tamil separatist group in Sri Lanka. ... PLOTE stands for Peoples Liberation Organisation of Tamil Eelam. ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ...

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f Asian Triune Health Profile of Prabakaran
  2. ^ "Political murders, blunders: LTTE goes scot free", The Sunday Times Sri Lanka, 1996-10-27. Retrieved on 2007-11-22. 
  3. ^ a b Wanted: VELUPILLAI, Pirabhakaran. Interpol (2006-10-04). Retrieved on 2006-10-06.
  4. ^ Welcome to UTHR, Sri Lanka
  5. ^ Asia Times: Sri Lanka: The Untold Story
  6. ^ Sabaratnam, T. (2004-12-10). Pirapaharan, Chapter 28 (Volume 2). Retrieved on 2006-10-06.
  7. ^ a b c The Hindu : Time not ripe to give up Eelam goal: Prabakaran
  8. ^ The Hindu : Time not ripe to give up Eelam goal: Prabakaran
  9. ^ Assignment Colombo at page xv(15), ISBN 81-220-0499-7, published by Konark Publishers Pvt Ltd, delhi
  10. ^ Wages of Sin by Sl Gunasekera
  11. ^ UN Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
  12. ^ http://www.hindustantimes.com/news/181_1806875,001302310000.htm
  13. ^ a b Discipline, death and martyrdom (2006-06-09). Retrieved on 2006-10-20.
  14. ^ Sri Lanka Monitor
  15. ^ LTTE Tamil Tiger Terrorists Bomb Central Bank in Sri Lanka killing 58 Civilians
  16. ^ (1999) "The Failure of State Formation, Identity Conflict and Civil Society Responses - The Case of Sri Lanka". Brad.edu. Retrieved on 2006-04-16. 
  17. ^ How it Came to This – Learning from Sri Lanka’s Civil Wars By Professor John Richardson. paradisepoisoned.com. Retrieved on 2006-03-30.
  18. ^ Sri Lankan Tamil Nationalism: Its Origins and Development in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries, By Professor A. Jeyaratnam Wilson Publisher: University of British Columbia Press (March 2000) (ISBN 1-850-65338-0)

Year 1996 (MCMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar). ... is the 300th day of the year (301st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 326th day of the year (327th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 277th day of the year (278th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 279th day of the year (280th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 344th day of the year (345th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 279th day of the year (280th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 160th day of the year (161st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 293rd day of the year (294th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 106th day of the year (107th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 89th day of the year (90th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The University of British Columbia (UBC) is a Canadian public research university with campuses in Vancouver and Kelowna. ...

Further reading

  • Rajan Hoole. (2001) 'The Arrogance of power ', UTHR(J), Colombo.

Prabhakaran;inside an elusive mind by M.K.Narayan Swamy Vijitha yapa publications, Sri Lanka Tigers of Lanka by M.K.narayan swamy Vijitha yapa Pblications, sri Lanka Island of blood by Anita Pratab Vijitha Yapa Publications, sri Lanka Rendering unto Caesar by Bradman weerakoon Vijitha yapa Publications, sri Lanka voices from a war zone by Nirupama Subramanian Vijitha yapa Publications, Sri Lanka History of Sri Lanka by K.M.de silva Vijitha Yapa Publications, Sri Lanka


External links

Reports

Articles Emblem of the United States Pacific Command New emblem: [1] The United States Pacific Command (USPACOM), led by the Commander, Pacific Command (CDRUSPACOM), is the supreme military authority for the various branches of the Armed Forces of the United States serving within its area of responsibility (AOR). ...

Interviews & speeches

Websites

  • Official website of LTTE

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Prabhakaran is believed to be in the dense jungles of northern Sri Lanka where he receives considerable aid and support from the local population which is mostly Tamil.
Indiainfo.com -> Spotlight -> Lanka peace process -> Prabhakaran demands self-rule, warns of secession (539 words)
Colombo: In a significant move, LTTE (Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam) leader Velupillai Prabhakaran on November 27 announced that he was ready to accept regional autonomy for his people but warned any failure to fulfil this may compel the Tamils to secede.
Prabhakaran's opposition to any "conceptual limits" was an apparent attempt to pre-empt any demand that the Tamil Tigers disarm, abjure their ultimate goal or renounce violence prior to final political negotiations.
Prabhakaran praised Prime Minister Ranil Wickremesinghe's government for taking concrete steps to redress immediate problems of the Tamil people, unlike the previous regime, which, he charged, was against addressing such problems in the early stages of peace talks.
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