Venus Flytrap
Venus Flytrap leaf
Conservation status
Vulnerable (IUCN 2.3)[1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae Division: Magnoliophyta Class: Magnoliopsida Order: Caryophyllales Family: Droseraceae Genus: Dionaea Species: D. muscipula
Binomial name
Dionaea muscipula Sol. ex Ellis (1768)
Venus Flytrap distribution
Synonyms
Dionaea corymbosa (Raf.) Steud. (1840) Dionaea crinita Sol. (1990) nom.superfl. Dionaea dentata D'Amato (1998) nom.nud. Dionaea heterodoxa D'Amato (1998) nom.nud. Dionaea muscicapa St.Hil. (1824) sphalm.typogr. Dionaea sensitiva Salisb. (1796) Dionaea sessiliflora (auct. non G.Don: Raf.) Steud. (1840) Dionaea uniflora (auct. non Willd.: Raf.) Steud. (1840) Drosera corymbosa Raf. (1833) Drosera sessiliflora auct. non G.Don: Raf. (1833) Drosera uniflora auct. non Willd.: Raf. (1833)

The Venus Flytrap, Dionaea muscipula, is a carnivorous plant that catches and digests animal prey (mostly insects and arachnids). The trapping structure is formed by the terminal portion of each of the plant's leaves. The plant's common name refers to Venus, the Roman goddess of love, whereas the genus name refers to Dione.^{[citation needed]} Dionaea is a monotypic genus closely related to the waterwheel plant and sundews. The Venus Flytrap (Dionaea muscipula) is a carnivorous plant that catches and digests animal prey (mostly insects and arachnids). ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1527x1670, 761 KB) Summary Description: The trap of a Venus fly trap, showing trigger hairs. ... The conservation status of a species is an indicator of the likelihood of that species remaining extant either in the present day or the near future. ... Image File history File links Status_iucn2. ... This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it. ... The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (also known as the IUCN Red List and Red Data List), created in 1963, is the worlds most comprehensive inventory of the global conservation status of plant and animal species and can be found here. ... Scientific classification redirects here. ... For other uses, see Plant (disambiguation). ... Classes Magnoliopsida - Dicots Liliopsida - Monocots The flowering plants (also angiosperms or Magnoliophyta) are one of the major groups of modern plants, comprising those that produce seeds in specialized reproductive organs called flowers, where the ovulary or carpel is enclosed. ... Magnoliopsida is the botanical name for a class of flowering plants. ... Families See text. ... Genus Aldrovanda Dionaea Drosera Drosophyllum The Droseraceae are a family of carnivorous plants, commonly known as the sundew family. ... Latin name redirects here. ... Daniel Carlsson Solander (February 19, 1733 – May 16, 1782) was a Swedish botanist. ... John Ellis FRS (c1710 - October 15, 1776) was an British linen merchant and naturalist. ... Image File history File links Dionaea_distribution. ... In scientific nomenclature, synonyms are different scientific names used for a single taxon. ... Nepenthes mirabilis in flower, growing on a road cut in Palau Carnivorous plants (sometimes called insectivorous plants) are plants that derive some or most of their nutrients (but not energy) from trapping and consuming animals or protozoans, most focusing on insects and other arthropods. ... Orders Subclass Apterygota Archaeognatha (bristletails) Thysanura (silverfish) Subclass Pterygota Infraclass Paleoptera (Probably paraphyletic) Ephemeroptera (mayflies) Odonata (dragonflies and damselflies) Infraclass Neoptera Superorder Exopterygota Grylloblattodea (ice-crawlers) Mantophasmatodea (gladiators) Plecoptera (stoneflies) Embioptera (webspinners) Zoraptera (angel insects) Dermaptera (earwigs) Orthoptera (grasshoppers, etc) Phasmatodea (stick insects) Blattodea (cockroaches) Isoptera (termites) Mantodea (mantids) Psocoptera... For other uses, see Arachnid (disambiguation). ... Marble Venus of the Capitoline Venus type, Roman (British Museum) Venus was a major Roman goddess principally associated with love and beauty, the rough equivalent of the Greek goddess Aphrodite. ... Dione in Greek mythology is a vague goddess presence who has her most concrete form in Book V of Homers Iliad as the mother of Aphrodite: Aphrodite journeys to Diones side after she has been wounded in battle while protecting her favorite son Aeneas. ... Monotypic is an adjective, that refers to a taxonomic group with only one type: in botany it means that a taxon has only one species; Ginkgo is a monotypic genus, while Ginkgoaceae is a monotypic family. ... For other uses, see Genus (disambiguation). ... Binomial name Aldrovanda vesiculosa L. Distribution Aldrovanda vesiculosa, known as the waterwheel plant, is the sole extant species in the flowering plant genus Aldrovanda of the family Droseraceae. ... This article is about the plant. ...

Description

Illustration of the Venus Flytrap from Curtis's Botanical Magazine.

The Venus Flytrap is a small herb, forming a rosette of four to seven leaves, which arise from a short subterranean stem that is actually a bulb-like rhizome. Each leaf reaches a maximum size of about three to seven centimeters, depending on the time of year;^[2] longer leaves with robust traps are generally formed after flowering. Flytraps that appear to have more leaves are generally colonies, formed by rosettes that have divided beneath the ground. Download high resolution version (488x863, 112 KB)A drawing of a Venus Flytrap, by William Curtis (1746-1799). ... Download high resolution version (488x863, 112 KB)A drawing of a Venus Flytrap, by William Curtis (1746-1799). ... Curtiss Botanical Magazine is an illustrated gardening and botanical journal started by William Curtis in the 18th century. ... This article is about the plants used in cooking and medicine. ... For other uses, see Rhizome (disambiguation). ... This is a biological article: For a territory administered by another territory see: Colony For a group attempting to affiliate with a Fraternity or Sorority see: Colony (fraternity) In biology, a colony (from Latin colonia) refers to several individual organisms of the same species living closely together, usually for mutual...

The leaf blade is divided into two regions: a flat, heart shaped photosynthetic capable petiole, and a pair of terminal lobes hinged at the midrib, forming the trap which is actually the true leaf. The upper surface of these lobes contains red anthocyanin pigments and its edges secrete mucilage. The lobes exhibit rapid plant movements, snapping shut when stimulated by prey. The trapping mechanism is tripped when prey items stumble against one of the three hair-like trichomes that are found on the upper surface of each of the lobes. The trapping mechanism is so specialized that it can distinguish between living prey and non-prey stimuli such as falling raindrops;^[3] two trigger hairs must be touched in succession or one hair touched twice,^[3] whereupon the lobes of the trap will snap shut in about 0.1 seconds.^[4] The edges of the lobes are fringed by stiff hair-like protrusions or cilia, which mesh together and prevent large prey items from escaping. (These protrusions, and the trigger hairs, are probably homologous with the tentacles found in this plant’s close relatives, the sundews.) The holes in the meshwork allow small prey to escape, presumably because the benefit that would be obtained from them would be less than the cost of digesting them. If the prey is too small and escapes, the trap will reopen within 12 hours. If the prey moves around in the trap, it tightens and digestion begins more quickly. Leaf of Dog Rose (Rosa canina), showing the petiole and two leafy stipules In botany, the petiole is the small stalk attaching the leaf blade to the stem. ... Plants with abnormally high anthocyanin quantities are popular as ornamental plants - here, a selected purple-leaf cultivar of European Beech Anthocyanins (from Greek: (anthos) = flower + (kyanos) = blue) are water-soluble vacuolar flavonoid pigments that appear red to blue, according to pH. They are synthesized exclusively by organisms of the plant... Mucilage is a thick gluey substance, often produced by plants. ... Rapid plant movement encompasses movement in plant structures occurring over a very short period of time, usually under one second. ... Trichomes, from the Greek meaning growth of hair, are fine outgrowths or appendages on plants and protists. ... In biology, homology is any similarity between structures that is due to their shared ancestry. ... This article is about the plant. ...

Speed of closing can vary depending on the amount of humidity, light, size of prey, and general growing conditions. The speed with which traps close can be used as an indicator of a plant's general health. Venus Flytraps are not as humidity dependent as are some other carnivorous plants, such as Nepenthes, Cephalotus, most Heliamphora, and some Drosera. Species See text The genus Nepenthes (Tropical Pitcher Plants or Monkey Cups) in the monotypic family Nepenthaceae contains roughly 80-100 species, (depending on author), several natural and many cultivated hybrids. ... Binomial name Cephalotus follicularis Cephalotus is a monotypic genus of southwest Australian pitcher plants, containing the single species Cephalotus follicularis, commonly called the Albany Pitcher Plant or the Western Australian Pitcher Plant. ... The genus Heliamphora contains approximately eight species of pitcher plants native to South America. ... Categories: Plant stubs | Carnivorous plants | Magnoliopsida ...

The Venus Flytrap exhibits variations in petiole shape and width and whether the leaf lies flat on the ground or extends up at an angle of about 40-60 degrees. The four major forms are: 'typica', the most common, with broad decumbent petioles; 'erecta', with leaves at a 45 degree angle; 'linearis', with narrow petioles and leaves at 45 degrees; and 'filiformis', with extremely narrow or linear petioles. Except for 'filiformis', all of these can be stages in leaf production of any plant depending on season (decumbent in summer versus short versus semi-erect in spring), length of photoperiod (long petioles in spring versus short in summer), and intensity of light (wide petioles in low light intensity versus narrow in brighter light).^{[citation needed]}

Mechanism of trapping

Closeup of one of the hinged trigger hairs.

The Venus Flytrap is one of a very small group of plants that are capable of rapid movement, such as Mimosa, the Telegraph plant, sundews and bladderworts. Image File history File links Dionaea-muscipula-Ausloeseborste-Mikroskopaufnahme. ... Image File history File links Dionaea-muscipula-Ausloeseborste-Mikroskopaufnahme. ... Rapid plant movement encompasses movement in plant structures occurring over a very short period of time, usually under one second. ... For other uses, see Mimosa (disambiguation). ... Binomial name Desmodium motorium (Houtt. ... This article is about the plant. ... Species See text The genus Utricularia contains the 200 or more species of bladderworts, belonging to the Bladderwort family (Lentibulariaceae). ...

The mechanism by which the trap snaps shut involves a complex interaction between elasticity, turgor and growth. In the open, untripped state, the lobes are convex (bent outwards), but in the closed state, the lobes are concave (forming a cavity). It is the rapid flipping of this bistable state that closes the trap,^[4] but the mechanism by which this occurs is still poorly understood. When the trigger hairs are stimulated, an action potential (mostly involving calcium ions — see calcium in biology) is generated, which propagates across the lobes and stimulates cells in the lobes and in the midrib between them.^[5] Exactly what this stimulation does is still debated: cells in the outer layers of the lobes and midrib may rapidly secrete protons into their cell walls, loosening them and allowing them to swell rapidly by osmosis and acid growth; alternatively, cells in the inner layers of the lobes and midrib may rapidly secrete other ions, allowing water to follow by osmosis, and the cells to collapse. Both, either or neither of these mechanisms may play a role.^[6] Elasticity is a branch of physics which studies the properties of elastic materials. ... Turgor (also called turgor pressure or osmotic pressure) is the pressure that can build in a space that is enclosed by a membrane that is permeable to a solvent of a solution such as water but not to the solutes of the soluton. ... Something that is bistable can be resting in two states. ... A. A schematic view of an idealized action potential illustrates its various phases as the action potential passes a point on a cell membrane. ... Calcium (Ca2+) plays a vital role in the anatomy, physiology and biochemistry of organisms and of the cell, particularly in signal transduction pathways. ... Is a strenthened vein which is located down the middle of a leaf or flower peltal. ... For other uses, see Proton (disambiguation). ... Osmosis is the spontaneous net movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from a region of low solute concentration to a solution with a high solute concentration, down a solute concentration gradient. ... Acid growth refers to the ability of plant cells to quickly stretch. ... This article is about the electrically charged particle. ...

If the prey is unable to escape, it will continue to stimulate the inner surface of the lobes, and this causes a further growth response that forces the edges of the lobes together, eventually sealing the trap hermetically and forming a 'stomach' in which digestion occurs. Digestion is catalysed by enzymes secreted by glands in the lobes. Digestion takes about ten days, after which the prey is reduced to a husk of chitin. The trap then reopens, and is ready for reuse, even though the trap rarely catches more than three insects in its lifetime.^{[citation needed]} For the industrial process, see anaerobic digestion. ... Catalyst redirects here. ... Ribbon diagram of the enzyme TIM, surrounded by the space-filling model of the protein. ... Structure of the chitin molecule, showing two of the N-Acetylglucosamine units that repeat to form long chains in beta-1,4 linkage. ...

Habitat

The Venus Flytrap is found in nitrogen-poor environments, such as bogs. Although it has been successfully transplanted and grown in many locales around the world, it is found natively only in North and South Carolina in the United States, specifically within a 100 mile radius of Wilmington, North Carolina. There also appears to be a naturalised stand of Venus Flytraps in northern Florida. It may have been introduced to that area by birds dropping the seeds in their feces as the area is on a bird flyway from North and South Carolina. One such place is North Carolina's Green Swamp. The nutritional poverty of the soil is the reason that the plant relies on such elaborate traps: insect prey provide the nitrogen for protein formation that the soil cannot. The Venus Flytrap is not a tropical plant and can tolerate mild winters. In fact, Venus Flytraps that do not go through a period of winter dormancy will weaken and die after a period of time. General Name, symbol, number nitrogen, N, 7 Chemical series nonmetals Group, period, block 15, 2, p Appearance colorless gas Standard atomic weight 14. ... Lütt-Witt Moor, a bog in Henstedt-Ulzburg in northern Germany. ... Wilmington is a city in New Hanover County, North Carolina, United States. ... In the heart of Central Florida just west of Highway 27 in Polk, Lake, Sumter, Hernando and Pasco Counties lies a unique natural area known as the Green Swamp. ... A representation of the 3D structure of myoglobin showing coloured alpha helices. ...

Cultivation

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Venus Flytraps are very popular as cultivated plants, although they have a large reputation for being difficult to grow. This reputation is almost exclusively due to inappropriate treatment of the plants by retailers and their consequent ill-health on purchase. However, Venus Flytraps are safely grown in pots under conditions that mimic those in their natural habitat. Image File history File links Emblem-important. ... Wikibooks logo Wikibooks, previously called Wikimedia Free Textbook Project and Wikimedia-Textbooks, is a wiki for the creation of books. ...

Time-lapse photography of a growing trap.

Venus flytraps can be grown on a deck, window sill, or position in the garden that receives at least 6-8 hours of sunlight per day.^[7] In areas of lower humidity, the plant can survive with frequent watering and a drainage system to prevent fungal growth. It is also beneficial to keep it in a tray with about an inch of water to maintain higher humidity levels. Stagnant water is dangerous for the plant, so using pebbles to elevate the plant from the water is safer for the plant. Venus flytraps grow better still in a greenhouse which often leads to healthy, vigorous and colourful plants. The colour of the trap leaves may be used as an indicator of sufficient light; in appropriate conditions the inside of each trap should be bright red in colour for most varieties. Insufficient light leads to the inside of the trap turning light green. Low light also causes etiolation and makes plants more susceptible to diseases. Image File history File links Venus. ... Image File history File links Venus. ... Etiolation is a plant response to stimuli. ...

Venus flytraps are best grown in mixtures of sphagnum peat moss and/or peat often with the addition of sand, perlite or other inert salt free material. Soil pH should be in the range of 3.9 to 4.8. Species See text. ... Peat in Lewis, Scotland Peat is an accumulation of partially decayed vegetation matter. ... For other uses, see PH (disambiguation). ...

The 'Dentate' cultivar of the venus fly trap in cultivation

Venus Flytraps ideally should not be watered with tap water as accumulated salts in tap water may kill carnivorous plants. Soft water with TDS of 100 ppm or less yields good growth, both distilled water or clean rain water are ideal. The soil should be kept constantly moist by placing the pot in a tray full of water, with the root bulb of the plant allowed to be above the level of the water at least part of the time, to prevent root rot in stagnant water. There is no danger of over-watering. Venus flytraps can survive short periods of immersion underwater.^[7] Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1024x768, 176 KB) This is my own plant picture. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1024x768, 176 KB) This is my own plant picture. ... Bottled mineral water usually contains higher TDS levels than tap water Total dissolved solids (often abbreviated TDS) is an expression for the combined content of all inorganic and organic substances contained in a liquid which are present in a molecular, ionized or micro-granular (colloidal sol) suspended form. ... Laboratory distillation set-up: 1: Heat source 2: Still pot 3: Still head 4: Thermometer/Boiling point temperature 5: Condenser 6: Cooling water in 7: Cooling water out 8: Distillate/receiving flask 9: Vacuum/gas inlet 10: Still receiver 11: Heat control 12: Stirrer speed control 13: Stirrer/heat plate...

Some horticulturists have experimented with giving small amounts of fertiliser to Venus flytraps, usually applying diluted solutions of products formulated for epiphytes, using cotton swabs, to the plant's foliage. Another method of fertiliser application is a spray bottle or pump. Beginners, however, and those without expendable plants, would be wise to avoid fertiliser in favor of insects. Horticulture (Latin: hortus (garden plant) + cultura (culture)) are classically defined as the culture or growing of garden plants. ... Fertilizers are chemicals given to plants with the intention of promoting growth; they are usually applied either via the soil or by foliar spraying. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ...

Healthy venus flytraps produce flowers in the spring

Venus flytraps are entirely capable of catching their own food; thus, feeding them manually is not necessary. If for some reason a grower wishes to feed a flytrap, live insects no larger than 1/3 of the size of the trap may be used, as larger insects tend to have a detrimental effect on the plant as they often drastically shorten the individual trap's life and/or cause it to die. Algal growth near the plant is an indicator of overfeeding, as is an abundance of dead, black traps. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1600x1200, 75 KB) La bildo estas kopiita de wikipedia:de. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1600x1200, 75 KB) La bildo estas kopiita de wikipedia:de. ... A seaweed (Laurencia) up close: the branches are multicellular and only about 1 mm thick. ...

Healthy Venus flytraps will produce scapes of white flowers in spring, however, many growers remove the flowering stem early, as flowering consumes some of the plant's energy, and reduces the rate of trap production. If allowed to flower, successful pollination will result in the production of dozens of small, shiny black seeds. Spring is one of the four temperate seasons. ...

Venus flytraps have a necessary winter dormancy period, triggered by nighttime temperatures below 10 °C (50 °F) and reduced day length.^[7] In climates with mild winters they can be kept outside to overwinter (hardiness zone 9 or greater). The soil should be kept slightly moist and the area well ventilated to prevent the growth of grey mold. Those who live in areas with extremely cold winters (hardiness zone 8 or less) might consider placing plants in a plastic bag in the refrigerator for two to three months, starting in Autumn, although they can survive freeze-over for brief periods of time.^[7] For other uses, see Celsius (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Fahrenheit (disambiguation). ... Temperature scale of hardiness zones, showing the average annual minimum temperature boundaries for the zones A hardiness zone is a geographically-defined zone in which a specific category of plant life is capable of growing, as defined by temperature hardiness, or ability to withstand the minimum temperatures of the zone. ... A grey fungus, Botrytis cinerea or Botrytis, that affects wine grapes. ... Temperature scale of hardiness zones, showing the average annual minimum temperature boundaries for the zones A hardiness zone is a geographically-defined zone in which a specific category of plant life is capable of growing, as defined by temperature hardiness, or ability to withstand the minimum temperatures of the zone. ...

Plants can be propagated by seed, although seedlings will take several years to mature. More commonly, they may be propagated by division in spring or summer.

Cultivars

Typical variety of the Venus Flytrap.

Dionaea muscipula 'Akai Ryu', Japanese for 'Red Dragon', in cultivation.

Venus Flytraps are, by far, the most commonly recognized and cultivated carnivorous plant. They are sold as houseplants and are often found at florists, hardware stores and supermarkets. Although the genus is monotypic, during the past ten years or so, large quantities of cultivars have come into the market through tissue culture of select genetic mutations. It is through tissue culture that great quantities of plants are raised for commercial markets. Image File history File links Species  Dionaea muscipula Family  Droseraceae File links The following pages link to this file: Venus Flytrap ... Image File history File links Species  Dionaea muscipula Family  Droseraceae File links The following pages link to this file: Venus Flytrap ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (900x675, 145 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Venus Flytrap ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (900x675, 145 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Venus Flytrap ... Monotypic is an adjective, that refers to a taxonomic group with only one type: in botany it means that a taxon has only one species; Ginkgo is a monotypic genus, while Ginkgoaceae is a monotypic family. ... Plant tissue culture, also called micropropagation, is a practice used to propagate plants under sterile conditions, often to produce clones of a plant. ...

Some of the registered cultivars (cultivated varieties) include (name of originator in brackets): This Osteospermum Pink Whirls is a successful cultivar. ...

• Dionaea muscipula 'Akai Ryu' {R.Gagliardo}
• Dionaea muscipula 'Big Mouth' {T.Camilleri}
• Dionaea muscipula 'Bohemian Garnet' {M.Srba}
• Dionaea muscipula 'Clayton's Red Sunset' {C.Clayton}
• Dionaea muscipula 'Clumping Cultivar' {D'Amato}
• Dionaea muscipula 'Dentate' {D'Amato}
• Dionaea muscipula 'Dentate Traps' {B.Meyers-Rice}
• Dionaea muscipula 'Dente' {D'Amato}
• Dionaea muscipula 'Fused Tooth' {D'Amato}
• Dionaea muscipula 'Jaws' {L.Song}
• Dionaea muscipula 'Kinchyaku' {K.Kondo}
• Dionaea muscipula 'Red Piranha' {E.Read}
• Dionaea muscipula 'Red Rosetted' {D'Amato}
• Dionaea muscipula 'Royal Red' {AUPBR 464}
• Dionaea muscipula 'Sawtooth' {B.Meyers-Rice}

An unofficial list includes many more names, with more added annually. None of these "variation names" are officially recognized unless the name is properly documented, registered and accepted by the only official CP name registrant, the International Carnivorous Plant Society. Dionaea muscipula Bohemian Garnet is a cultivar of Dionaea muscipula, the Venus flytrap. ...

Popular culture

See also: Venus Trap

Venus Flytrap-like plants are common in fictional works, usually in a much larger (and sometimes sentient) form capable of digesting a human being. Probably the most famous is Audrey II in Little Shop of Horrors, a flytrap-like alien plant that lives on human blood and eventually grows large enough to swallow people whole (the off-Broadway play was based on a low-budget black comedy, The Little Shop of Horrors, in which the plant was named Audrey Junior). The Addams Family had a large, monstrous Venus Flytrap named Cleopatra, which Morticia took care of. Other fictional outings include the Philippine comic Darna, where the villain Flaviana turns Venus Flytraps into monsters as a defense. A one-time villain on Mighty Morphin Power Rangers was the Invenusable Flytrap, a humanoid plant creature. There was also a character named Venus Flytrap on the television sitcom WKRP in Cincinnati. Venus Trap may refer to: Venus Flytrap The Venus Trap, a 1988 German film starring Sonja Kirchberger Venus Trap, an episode of Garth comic strip The Venus Trap (An Inner Sanctum Mystery), a 1966 mystery novel by James Michael Ullman [1] The Venus Trap, a 1972 science fiction book by... Not to be confused with sapience. ... 1982 Cast Album of the original off-Broadway production of ORIGINAL OFF-BROADWAY CAST: Seymour Krelborn - Lee WIlkoff Audrey - Ellen Greene Mr. ... Off-Broadway plays or musicals are performed in New York City in smaller theatres than Broadway, but larger than Off-Off-Broadway, productions. ... This article is about a tone of comedy. ... This article is about 1960 Roger Corman film. ... For the TV series, see The Addams Family (TV series). ... Darna is a fictional character and superheroine created by Filipino komiks (Philippine colloquial term for comics) legend Mars Ravelo. ... Mighty Morphin Power Rangers (MMPR) is an American live-action television series, created for the American market, based on the sixteenth installment of the Japanese Super Sentai franchise, Kyōryū Sentai Zyuranger. ... Venus Flytrap is a character on the television situation comedy WKRP in Cincinnati (1978-82). ... WKRP in Cincinnati (1978–1982) is an American situation comedy that featured the misadventures of the staff of a struggling radio station in Cincinnati, Ohio. ...

Cartoons frequently make use of monstrous plants; examples include, but certainly are not limited to Inspector Gadget, the alien hero Wildvine from the Cartoon Network original series Ben 10, Darkwing Duck, The Simpsons and Zetsu, a villain character in the manga series, Naruto. Video games such as Super Mario Bros. use similar creatures called piranha plants as enemies and Rampage: Total Destruction has a venus fly trap-like plant named Venus. Another video game, called Venus The Flytrap, involves a robotic fly which tries to destroy other robotic insects.^[8] The Infocom text adventure game Leather Goddesses of Phobos features a giant (mobile) flytrap which attempts to eat the player's character. The Sims 2: University features an unlockable object, the Cow Plant, which will lure non-player characters with a cake lure and eat them if not fed regularly. The Gravemind in Halo 2 resembles a large venus flytrap. The Deku Babas, Twilit Babas and Boko Babas in The Legend of Zelda all resemble venus flytraps. In Pokemon Diamond and Pearl, Carnivine's design is based on the Venus Flytrap; its Japanese name, Muskippa, is based on the scientific name muscipula. Creepshow 2 features a series of animated shorts about a young boy who purchases Giant Venus Flytrap bulbs and tricks a group of bullies into following him to where the large plant is rooted, only for them to be devoured one by one. In the computer game The Neverhood there are 2 venus flytraps in different areas of the game that Klaymen, the protagonist, needs to jump into in order to pass the level. The Plant Control powerset in City of Villains includes a Giant Flytrap pet. For the 1999 live-action film, see Inspector Gadget (film). ... “XLR8” redirects here. ... For Cartoon Network outside of the United States, see Cartoon Network around the world. ... Ben 10 is an American animated television series created by Man of Action (a group consisting of Duncan Rouleau, Joe Casey, Joe Kelly, and Steven T. Seagle), and produced by Cartoon Network Studios. ... Darkwing Duck is an Emmy-nominated American animated television series produced by The Walt Disney Company that ran from 1991-1995 on both the syndicated programming block The Disney Afternoon and Saturday mornings on ABC. It featured an eponymous superhero anthropomorphic duck with the alter ego of Drake Mallard (voiced... Simpsons redirects here. ... The Akatsuki roster as of Naruto manga Chapter 317. ... This article is about the comics created in Japan. ... Serialized in Weekly Shonen Jump Shonen Jump BANZAI! Shonen Jump Weekly Comic Original run November 1999 – Ongoing No. ... This article is about the Super Mario Brothers video game for the NES. For other uses, see Super Mario Bros. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into List of Mario series enemies. ... Venus The Flytrap is a post-apocalyptic side-scrolling video game released in 1990 for the Amiga and Atari ST. Venus The Flytrap at MobyGames Categories: | | ... Zork universe Zork games Zork Anthology Zork trilogy Zork I   Zork II   Zork III Beyond Zork   Zork Zero Enchanter trilogy Enchanter   Sorcerer   Spellbreaker Other games Wishbringer   Return to Zork Zork: Nemesis   Zork Grand Inquisitor Zork: The Undiscovered Underground Topics in Zork Encyclopedia Frobozzica Characters   Kings   Creatures Timeline   Magic   Calendar Zorkmid... Zork, an early work of interactive fiction, running on a modern interpreter Interactive fiction, often abbreviated as IF, is a simulated environment in which players use text commands to control characters. ... Cover of the Lane Mastodon comic—the instruction manual for the game Leather Goddesses of Phobos is an interactive fiction game published and developed by Infocom in 1986 for the DOS, Apple II, Apple Macintosh, Atari ST and Commodore 64 computers. ... The Sims 2: University Categories: Computer and video game stubs | 2005 computer and video games ... Gravemind is a fictional character featured in the video game Halo 2. ... Halo 2 is a science fiction first-person shooter video game developed by Bungie Studios. ... This article is about the first game in the series. ... Pokémon Diamond and Pearl are new Pokémon games to be released for the Nintendo DS. Not much is known about them. ... Carnivine , Muskippa in original Japanese language versions) is one of the 493 fictional species of Pokémon creatures from the multi-billion-dollar[1] Pokémon media franchise – a collection of video games, anime, manga, books, trading cards and other media, created by Satoshi Tajiri. ... Creepshow 2 is a 1987 horror anthology film directed by Michael Gornick (who was George A. Romeros cinematographer on the original Creepshow). ... The Neverhood is a 1996 PC CD-ROM Claymation video game created by animator Doug TenNapel and released by Dreamworks Studios. ... From: The Neverhood (PC Game,1996), Skullmonkeys (Playstation game,1996) Klaymen, a curious, chearful klay being. ... City of Villains is a massively multiplayer online role-playing computer game based on the superhero comic book genre, developed by Cryptic Studios and published by NCSoft. ...

30 Seconds to Mars' second album, A Beautiful Lie, includes a single called The Kill. The single's album art has a Venus flytrap in the front. 30 Seconds to Mars (or Thirty Seconds to Mars) is an alternative rock band from Los Angeles, California, featuring Jared Leto, Shannon Leto and Tomo Milicevic // Created in 1998 by Jared Leto and his brother, Shannon, 30 Seconds to Mars began as a small family project. ... Alternate Cover The Deluxe Edition cover of A Beautiful Lie. ... The Kill (subtitled in its single release in America as Bury Me and in the UK as Rebirth) is the second single from 30 Seconds to Marss second album, A Beautiful Lie. ...

References

1. ^ Schnell, D., Catling, P., Folkerts, G., Frost, C., Gardner, R., et al. (2000). Dionaea muscipula. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN 2006. Retrieved on 11 May 2006. Listed as Vulnerable (VU A1acd, B1+2c v2.3)
2. ^ Venus Flytraps. The Carnivorous Plant FAQ. Retrieved on 2005-06-13.
3. ^ ^{a b} Raven, Evert and Eichhorn,"Biology of Plants" (7th edition), W.H. Freeman and Company, 2005
4. ^ ^{a b} Forterre, Y., J.M. Skotheim, J. Dumais & L. Mahadevan 2005. How the Venus flytrap snaps.PDF (318 KiB) Nature 433: 421–425. doi:10.1038/nature03185
5. ^ Hodick D, Sievers A (1989). "The action potential of Dionaea muscipula Ellis". Planta 174: 8-18. doi:10.1007/BF00394867. 
6. ^ Hodick D, Sievers, A (1988). "On the mechanism of closure of Venus Flytrap (Dionaea muscipula Ellis)". Planta 179: 32-42. doi:10.1007/BF00395768. 
7. ^ ^{a b c d} Venus Flytrap : Beautiful Carnivorous Plants for Sale by Sarracenia Northwest
8. ^ MobyGames page for Venus the Flytrap

The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (also known as the IUCN Red List and Red Data List), created in 1963, is the worlds most comprehensive inventory of the global conservation status of plant and animal species and can be found here. ... The World Conservation Union or International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) is an international organization dedicated to natural resource conservation. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 164th day of the year (165th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... “PDF” redirects here. ... A kibibyte (a contraction of kilo binary byte) is a unit of information or computer storage, commonly abbreviated KiB (never kiB). 1 kibibyte = 210 bytes = 1,024 bytes The kibibyte is closely related to the kilobyte, which can be used either as a synonym for kibibyte or to refer to... A digital object identifier (or DOI) is a standard for persistently identifying a piece of intellectual property on a digital network and associating it with related data, the metadata, in a structured extensible way. ... A digital object identifier (or DOI) is a standard for persistently identifying a piece of intellectual property on a digital network and associating it with related data, the metadata, in a structured extensible way. ... A digital object identifier (or DOI) is a standard for persistently identifying a piece of intellectual property on a digital network and associating it with related data, the metadata, in a structured extensible way. ...

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

Dionaea muscipula

• Images and movies of the Venus Flytrap (Dionaea muscipula) at ARKive
• How to grow a Venus flytrap
• The Carnivorous Plant FAQ
• The Mysterious Venus Flytrap
• Discovery explains how the Venus Flytrap snaps.
• How Venus Flytraps Work
• Venus Flytrap evolution
• Carolina Beach State Park, "Fly trap Trail"
• Botanical Society of America, Dionaea muscipula - The Venus Flytrap
• Save The Venus Flytrap