Veracruz
Flag Coat of arms
Location within Mexico
Country	Mexico
Capital	Xalapa
Municipalities	212
Largest City	Veracruz
Government
- Governor	Fidel Herrera Beltrán (PRI)
- Federal Deputies	PRI: 6 PAN: 11 PRD: 2 Convergencia: 2
- Federal Senators	PRD: 1 PAN: 1 Convergencia: 1
Area Ranked 11th
- Total	71,699 km² (27,683.1 sq mi)
Population (2005)
- Total	7,110,214 (Ranked 3rd)
HDI (2004)	0.7457 - medium Ranked 28th
ISO 3166-2	MX-VER
Postal abbr.	Ver.

View of central Veracruz, taken from the far end of the city's boardwalk (malecón). The cathedral can be seen in the far background.

The state of Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave is one of the 31 states that constitute Mexico. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links Mexico_map,_MX-VER.svg‎ my edits licensed under File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Mexico. ... Xalapa Cathedral Xalapa (or Jalapa) is the capital city of the Mexican state of Veracruz. ... Municipal Palace of Veracruz Municipalities (municipios in Spanish) are the second-level administrative division in Mexico (where the first-level administrative division is the estado, or state). ... List of largest cities in Mexico: See also: List of cities List of Cities and States and information about them in English and Spanish (in Spanish and English) Database of all Towns, cities, municipalities, and postal codes in Mexico (in Spanish) Ranking of Mexican Cities Categories: | ... Veracruz from space, July 1997 The city of Veracruz is a major port city and municipality on the Gulf of Mexico in the Mexican state of Veracruz. ... The United Mexican States ( Mexico) is a federal republic comprising 31 states and one federal district (the Mexican Federal District, or Distrito Federal). ... Fidel Herrera Beltrán (Nopaltepec, Veracruz, March 7, 1949) is a Mexican politician and current governor of Veracruz. ... The Chamber of Deputies (Spanish: Cámara de Diputados) is the lower house of Mexicos bicameral legislature, the Congress of the Union. ... The Institutional Revolutionary Party (Spanish: Partido Revolucionario Institucional or PRI) is a Mexican political party that wielded hegemonic power in the country—under a succession of names—for more than 70 years. ... The National Action Party (Spanish: Partido Acción Nacional), known by the acronym PAN, is a conservative and Christian Democratic party and one of the three main political parties in Mexico. ... The Party of the Democratic Revolution (in Spanish: Partido de la Revolución Democrática, PRD) is one of the three main political parties in Mexico. ... The Senate (Spanish: Cámara de Senadores or Senado) is the upper house of Mexicos bicameral Congress. ... Convergence (Spanish: Convergencia) is a political party in Mexico. ... This article is about the physical quantity. ... Political division of Mexico The following table presents a listing of Mexicos 31 federal states (and its Federal District, officially not a state), ranked in order of their surface area. ... Square kilometre (US spelling: Square kilometer), symbol km², is an SI unit of surface area. ... A square mile is an English unit of area equal to that of a square with sides each 1 statute mile (≈1,609 m) in length. ... Political division of Mexico The following table presents a listing of Mexicos 31 federal states (and its Federal District, officially not a state), ranked in order of their total population (per year 2000 census data from INEGI). ... World map indicating Human Development Index (2006). ... States of Mexico colored by HDI The following table presents a listing of Mexicos 31 federal states (and its Federal District, officially not a state), ranked in order of their Human Development Index, as reported by the United Nations in 2004. ... ISO 3166-2 is the second part of the ISO 3166 standard. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1600 × 1200 pixels, file size: 416 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1600 × 1200 pixels, file size: 416 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ... The United Mexican States or Mexico (Estados Unidos Mexicanos or México) is a federal republic made up of 31 states (estados) and one Federal District, (Distrito Federal), which contains the capital, Mexico City. ...

Location

It is located in the east central part of the Gulf of Mexico country, between 17°10' and 22°38' North and between 93°55' and 98°38' West. It has a mainland area of 72,815 square kilometers (28,114 sq mi) and includes several islands in the Gulf of Mexico totalling another 58 square kilometers (22.4 sq mi). Square kilometre (U.S. spelling: square kilometer), symbol km², is a decimal multiple of SI unit of surface area square metre, one of the SI derived units. ... A square mile is an English unit of area equal to that of a square with sides each 1 statute mile (≈1,609 m) in length. ...

Veracruz borders the states of Tamaulipas to the north, Oaxaca and Chiapas to the south, Tabasco to the southeast, Puebla, Hidalgo, and San Luis Potosi to the west, and the Gulf of Mexico to the east. Tamaulipas is a state in the northeast of Mexico. ... Catedral de Santo Domingo The Free and Sovereign State of Oaxaca or simply Oaxaca   is one of the 31 states of Mexico, located in the southern part of Mexico, west of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec. ... Location within Mexico Country  Mexico Capital Tuxtla Gutiérrez Municipalities 118 Largest City Tuxtla Gutiérrez Government  - Governor Juan José Sabines Guerrero ( PRD)  - Federal Deputies PRI: 7 PRD: 5  - Federal Senators PRI: 1 PRD: 1 PVEM: 1 Area Ranked 8th  - State 74,211 km²  (28,653 sq mi) Population (2005... This article is about the Mexican state of Tabasco. ... The Mexican state of Puebla is located in the center of the country, to the east of Mexico City. ... Hidalgo is a state in central Mexico, with an area of 20,502 km². In 2000 the state had a population of some 2,231,000 people. ... Other Mexican States Capital San Luis Potosí, SLP Other major cities Matehuala list of municipalities Area 63,068 km² Ranked 15th Population (2000 census) 2,296,360 Ranked 16th Governor (2003-09) Jesús Marcelo de los Santos Fraga (PAN) Federal Deputies (7) PAN = 4 PRI/PVEM = 3 Federal Senators... Gulf of Mexico in 3D perspective. ...

On the coastal plains and throughout most of the state, the climate is hot and humid. On the foothills of the mountains, the climate is cool and humid. The climate only becomes cold in the mountain regions, where it also rains copiously. Veracruz is occasionally affected by hurricanes from June to October. Cyclone Catarina, a rare South Atlantic tropical cyclone viewed from the International Space Station on March 26, 2004 Hurricane and Typhoon redirect here. ...

This state has a tropical climate and impressive natural scenery, such as the Citlatapetl Volcano, or Pico de Orizaba, the highest peak in the nation. You’ll also see picturesque cities and towns that have preserved their local architecture. Along the coast you can visit the Costa Esmeralda, a 50 kilometers (31 mi) beach strip north of the port, amd the archaeological zone of El Tajin, which also was declared an UNESCO World Heritage Site. In Mexico, El Pico de Orizaba is the highest volcano, and the third highest in North America at a height of 18, 490 feet, or 6,163 meters. ... El Tajín is a Pre-Columbian archaeological site near the city of Papantla, in the state of Veracruz, Mexico. ...

Its capital is Xalapa, located in the central western part of the state. With more than 7 million inhabitants, the state of Veracruz is the third most populous in the nation, after the Federal District and the State of Mexico. Xalapa Cathedral Xalapa (or Jalapa) is the capital city of the Mexican state of Veracruz. ... The Mexican Federal District, known in Spanish as Distrito Federal (D.F.), is an area within Mexico that is not part of any of the Mexican states, but an independent self-governing city-state and the seat of the Federal Government. ... Location within Mexico Country Capital Municipalities 126 Largest City Ecatepec Government  - Governor Enrique Peña Nieto (PRI)  - Federal Deputies PRI: 7 PAN: 11 PRD: 20 Convergencia: 2  - Federal Senators Yeidckol Polevnsky (PRD) Héctor Bautista (PRD) Ulises Ramírez (PAN) Area Ranked 25th  - Total 21,355 km² (8,245. ...

History

Local history begins on April 1518, when Juan de Grijalva disembarked on an islet near the shore that was called San Juan de Ulúa. However, real significance commences the next year, on April 22, 1519, when Hernan Cortez disembarked on Chalchihuecan beach, where he decided to found a village and form the first colonial settlement in Mexico. That day was Good Friday, the day of Holy Week known as the day of La Vera Cruz, which means, True Cross, -- hence he chose the name of La Villa Rica de la Vera Cruz. Juan de Grijalva (born around 1489 in Cuéllar - January 21, 1527) was a Spanish conquistador. ... Hernán Cortés Hernán Cortés (1485 - December 2, 1547) (who was known as Hernando or Fernando Cortés during his lifetime and signed all his letters Fernán Cortés) was the conquistador who conquered Mexico for Spain. ...

It was from this base in August 1519 that Cortez began his course of conquest inland to Tenochtitlan, Mexico, while his subsidiary conquistador commanders pacified other regions that today shapes the entity of Veracruz. Tenochtitlan, looking east. ...

From this beginning, Veracruz as the entry point for conquest, became the principal point of communication and harbor between Spain and New Spain. From this port was shipped many products to Europe like cotton, rice, wheat, domestic animals, powder, textiles, wine and the considerable produce from this rich colony and particular territory. map of New Spain in red, with territories claimed but not controlled in orange. ...

Vegetation

• Banana
• Pitaya
• Mango
• Guava
• Melons
• Guanabana
• Lemons
• Oranges
• Mandarin orange
• Plums
• Jicama

This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Pitaya fruit Examples of pitaya bonsai The pitaya (also known as pitahaya, dragon fruit, huǒ lóng guǒ (火龍果/火龙果), strawberry pear, nanettikafruit, or thanh long) is the fruit of several cactus species, especially of the genus Hylocereus, but also see Stenocereus. ... Species About 35 species, including: Mangifera altissima Mangifera applanata Mangifera caesia Mangifera camptosperma Mangifera casturi Mangifera decandra Mangifera foetida Mangifera gedebe Mangifera griffithii Mangifera indica Mangifera kemanga Mangifera laurina Mangifera longipes Mangifera macrocarpa Mangifera mekongensis Mangifera odorata Mangifera pajang Mangifera pentandra Mangifera persiciformis Mangifera quadrifida Mangifera siamensis Mangifera similis Mangifera... Species About 100 species, see text. ... This article is about the fruits called melons. ... Binominal name Annona muricata The soursop or guanabana (Annona muricata L.) is a broadleaf flowering evergreen tree native to the South American country of Brazil and a distant relative of the pawpaw. ... Binomial name Citrus X limon {{{author}}} Lemons are the citrus fruit from the tree Citrus X limon. ... Orange blossoms and oranges on tree For other uses of orange, see orange (disambiguation) The Orange Citrus x sinensis is a Citrus tree, and the fruits of this tree. ... Binomial name The Mandarin orange or mandarin (瓯柑) is a small citrus tree (Citrus reticulata) with fruit resembling the orange. ... Plum is also a nickname for British humorist P. G. Wodehouse. ... Species Pachyrhizus ahipa Pachyrhizus erosus Pachyrhizus ferrugineus Pachyrhizus panamensis Pachyrhizus tuberosus Ref: ILDIS Version 6. ...

Economy

Despite its relative importance as the oldest established state in post-columbian Mexico, having the third largest population in Mexico (after Mexico state and the Federal District), and being the origin, processing, and transport hub for much of the country's oil reserves, Veracruz is one of the poorest states in the country.^{[citation needed]} Relative to the industrious northern and central states, Veracruz has few job opportunities for the educated middle class. This is specially true outside of the small Veracruz-Boca del Rio and Coatzacalcos areas. While quality basic education through the high school level is provided by the state, the main university lacks experienced faculty (very few have doctorate or postgraduate degrees), and has almost no research infrastructure. Young capable professionals usually migrate to out-of-state industrial hubs such as Mexico City, Toluca, or Monterrey, to find jobs.^{[citation needed]}

Tourism

the "La Grand Cafe de la Parroquia is the most famous coffehouse in Veracruz. Its signature drink is the "lechero" which consists of expresso coffee mixed with steamed milk.

• Mandinga

This is a traditional place for eating shellfish and has a boat tour to enjoy the outdoors. Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1600 × 1200 pixels, file size: 473 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1600 × 1200 pixels, file size: 473 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ...

• Isla de Sacrificios

In pre-Hispanic era, this was inhabited by the Totonacs and the Olmecs, and was named Chalchihuitlapazco. It was discovered in 1518 by Captain Juan de Grijalva, during the exploration of the Gulf of Mexico. Besides being one of the biggest isle around Boca del Río, this site is surrounded by one of the most beautiful coral banks in the world. hmdkl;f gjdfjriop fick yopui

• La Antigua

This was the second settlement from Villa Rica de la Veracruz. It is located 25 kilometers away from Veracruz City. It features the house where Hernan Cortez lived surrounded by big trees. Nowadays, it is a small town that also holds the first Catholic chapel built in the American continent which is still standing.

• Papantla

This was founded by Totonacs. It is located 198 meters above the sea level between Cazones and Tecolutla rivers.^[1].

Spanish

Spanish is the dominant language in Veracruz, although you will sometimes find people who know English.

Municipalities

The state of Veracruz is subdivided into 212 municipalities (municipios). See municipalities of Veracruz. A municipality is an administrative entity composed of a clearly defined territory and its population and commonly referring to a city, town, or village, or a small grouping of them. ... The Mexican state of Veracruz is subdivided into 210 municipalities (municipios): Categories: Lists of municipalities of Mexico | Mexican states ...

Major communities

• Acayucan
• Actópan
• Camarón de Tejeda
• Catemaco
• Coatepec
• Coatzacoalcos
• Córdoba
• Martínez de la Torre
• Minatitlán
• Orizaba
• Papantla (Papantla de Olarte)
• Poza Rica (Poza Rica de Hidalgo)
• San Andrés Tuxtla
• Tuxpan (Túxpam/Túxpam de Rodríguez Cano)
• Veracruz
• Xalapa (Xalapa-Enríquez)

Acayucan is a city and its surrounding municipality of the same name, located in the southeastern part of the state of Veracruz, Mexico. ... Camarón de Tejeda, Veracruz, Mexico is a town 5,613 inhabitants (2000), famous for the 1863 Battle of Camarón at the towns Hacienda Camarón. ... Catemaco is a small town located in the southern Sierra de los Tuxtlas region of the Mexican state of Veracruz. ... The municipality of Coatepec, Mexico, has as head city Coatepec City. ... Coatzacoalcos stands on the Gulf coast of the Isthmus de Tehuantepec Coatzacoalcos is a major port city in the southern part of the Mexican state of Veracruz, on the Coatzacoalcos River. ... Córdoba (founded in 1617) is a city in Veracruz, central Mexico. ... Martínez de la Torre is a city and its surrounding municipality of the same name located in the central part of the state of Veracruz in Mexico. ... MINATITLAN, MEXICO - The air smelled like charred oil, and behind him smoke from one of Mexicos largest oil refineries blocked out the early morning sun, but Gonzalo Rodríguez Merales was beaming. ... Orizaba is a city in Veracruz, Mexico. ... Papantla is a city in the northern part of the state of Veracruz, Mexico. ... Poza Rica (formally: Poza Rica de Hidalgo) is a city and its surrounding municipality in the Mexican state of Veracruz. ... San Andrés Tuxtla is a city in southern Veracruz, Mexico. ... Tuxpan or Túxpam (IPA: ) in Nahuatl, the language of the ancient Toltecs, literally means Place of Rabbits. Tuxpan is a city located in the Mexican state of Veracruz. ... Veracruz from space, July 1997 The city of Veracruz is a major port city and municipality on the Gulf of Mexico in the Mexican state of Veracruz. ... Xalapa Cathedral Xalapa (or Jalapa) is the capital city of the Mexican state of Veracruz. ...

Climate

References

External links

• (Spanish) Turismo En Veracruz
• (Spanish) Veracruz State government
• (Spanish) Veracruz Gallery
• (Spanish) museum of the city
• (Spanish) Facultad de Pedagogia

v • d • e States of Mexico
Aguascalientes · Baja California · Baja California Sur · Campeche · Chiapas · Chihuahua · Coahuila · Colima · Durango · Distrito Federal · Guanajuato · Guerrero · Hidalgo · Jalisco · México · Michoacán · Morelos · Nayarit · Nuevo León · Oaxaca · Puebla · Querétaro · Quintana Roo · San Luis Potosí · Sinaloa · Sonora · Tabasco · Tamaulipas · Tlaxcala · Veracruz · Yucatán · Zacatecas

Coordinates: 19°26′05″N, 96°22′59″W The United Mexican States are a federation made up by thirty-one free and sovereign states. ... Aguascalientes IPA: is a state of Mexico, situated in the center of the country. ... Location within Mexico Municipalities of Baja California Country Capital Municipalities 5 Largest City Tijuana Government  - Governor José Guadalupe Osuna Millán (PAN)  - Federal Deputies PAN: 8  - Federal Senators Alejandro González (PAN) Rafael Díaz (PAN) Fernando Castro (PRI) Area Ranked 12th  - Total 69,921 km² (26,996. ... Baja California Sur (English: South Lower California) is one of the 31 States of Mexico, occupying the part of the Baja California Peninsula south of the 28th parallel. ... Location within Mexico Country Capital Municipalities 11 Largest City San Francisco de Campeche Government  - Governor Jorge Carlos Hurtado Valdez (PRI)  - Federal Deputies PRI:2  - Federal Senators PRI:2 PAN:1 Area Ranked 18th  - State 50,812 km²  (19,618. ... Location within Mexico Country  Mexico Capital Tuxtla Gutiérrez Municipalities 118 Largest City Tuxtla Gutiérrez Government  - Governor Juan José Sabines Guerrero ( PRD)  - Federal Deputies PRI: 7 PRD: 5  - Federal Senators PRI: 1 PRD: 1 PVEM: 1 Area Ranked 8th  - State 74,211 km²  (28,653 sq mi) Population (2005... This article is about the state in Mexico. ... Coahuila (formal name: Coahuila de Zaragoza) is one of Mexicos 31 component states. ... Location within Mexico Country  Mexico Capital Colima Municipalities 10 Largest City Manzanillo Government  - Governor Jesus Silverio Cavazos Ceballos (PRI)  - Federal Deputies PAN: 2  - Federal Senators PAN: 2 PRI: 1 Area Ranked 29th  - State 5,191 km²  (2,004. ... Durango (IPA pronunciation ) is one of the constituent states of Mexico. ... Nickname: Motto: Capital en movimiento Location of Mexico City in south central Mexico Coordinates: , Country Federal entity Boroughs The 16 delegaciones Founded c. ... Guanajuato is a state in the central highlands of Mexico. ... Guerrero is a state in the United Mexican States. ... Hidalgo is a state in central Mexico, with an area of 20,502 km². In 2000 the state had a population of some 2,231,000 people. ... Location within Mexico Country Capital Municipalities 126 Largest City Guadalajara Government  - Governor Emilio González Márquez (PAN)  - Federal Deputies PAN: 18 PRI: 1  - Federal Senators Eva Contreras (PAN) Héctor Pérez (PAN) Ramiro Hernández (PRI) Area Ranked 6th  - State 30,534. ... Location within Mexico Country Capital Municipalities 126 Largest City Ecatepec Government  - Governor Enrique Peña Nieto (PRI)  - Federal Deputies PRI: 7 PAN: 11 PRD: 20 Convergencia: 2  - Federal Senators Yeidckol Polevnsky (PRD) Héctor Bautista (PRD) Ulises Ramírez (PAN) Area Ranked 25th  - Total 21,355 km² (8,245. ... Location within Mexico Country Capital Municipalities 113 Government  - Governor Lázaro Cárdenas Batel (PRD)  - Federal Deputies PAN:12  - Federal Senators Jesús Mendez Arroyo García (PAN) Juan Humberto Vasquez ( (PRI) Marko A. Cortés (PAN) Area Ranked 16th  - State 59,928 km²  (23,138. ... Location within Mexico Country Capital Municipalities 33 Government  - Governor Marco Adame Castillo (PAN)  - Federal Deputies PAN: 3 PRD: 1 PRI: 1  - Federal Senators Adrián Rivera (PAN) Martha Rivera (PAN) Graco Ramírez (PRD) Area Ranked 30th  - State 4,950 km²  (1,911. ... Location within Mexico Country Capital Municipalities 20 Government  - Governor Ney González Sánchez (PRI)  - Federal Deputies PRI: 2 PRD: 1  - Federal Senators PRI: 2 PRD: 1 Area Ranked 23rd  - State 26,979 km²  (10,416. ... Nuevo León (Spanish for New León, after the former kingdom in Spain) is a state located in northeastern Mexico. ... Catedral de Santo Domingo The Free and Sovereign State of Oaxaca or simply Oaxaca   is one of the 31 states of Mexico, located in the southern part of Mexico, west of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec. ... The Mexican state of Puebla is located in the center of the country, to the east of Mexico City. ... Querétaro (formal name: Querétaro Arteaga) is a state in central Mexico. ... Quintana Roo is a state of Mexico, on the eastern part of the Yucatán Peninsula. ... The Mexican state of San Luis Potosí has an area of 62,848 km² (24,266 mi²). It is in the north-central part of the Mexican republic, bordered by the states of Jalisco, Guanajuato, Querétaro, Hidalgo, Veracruz, Tamaulipas, Nuevo León, Coahuila, and Zacatecas. ... Sinaloa is a state in northwestern Mexico. ... Sonora is a state in northwestern Mexico, bordering the states of Chihuahua to the east, Sinaloa to the south, and Baja California to the northwest. ... This article is about the Mexican state of Tabasco. ... Tamaulipas is a state in the northeast of Mexico. ... For other uses, see Tlaxcala (disambiguation). ... Location within Mexico Country Capital Municipalities 106 Government  - Governor Ivonne Ortega Pacheco PRI  - Federal Deputies PAN: 4 PRI: 1  - Federal Senators Hugo Laviada (PAN) Alfredo Rodríguez (PAN) Cleominio Zoreda (PRI) Area Ranked 20th  - State 38,402 km²  (14,827. ... Zacatecas is one of the 31 constituent states of Mexico. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Mexico. ... Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ...