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The vertebral arteries are branches of the subclavian arteries. Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (600x864, 203 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Hyoid bone Subclavian artery Strangling External carotid artery Internal carotid artery Wikipedia:Grays Anatomy images with missing...
The subclavian artery is a major artery of the upper thorax that mainly supplies blood to the head and arms. ...
The basilar artery is one of the arteries which the brain supplies with oxygen-rich blood. ...
Image File history File links Diagram of cerebellum blood supply. ...
Latin is an ancient Indo-European language originally spoken in Latium, the region immediately surrounding Rome. ...
The subclavian artery is a major artery of the upper thorax that mainly supplies blood to the head and arms. ...
The meningeal branches of vertebral artery (posterior meningeal branch) springs from the vertebral opposite the foramen magnum, ramifies between the bone and dura mater in the cerebellar fossa, and supplies the falx cerebelli. ...
The posterior spinal artery (dorsal spinal artery) arises from the vertebral, at the side of the medulla oblongata; passing backward, it descends on this structure, lying in front of the posterior roots of the spinal nerves, and is reinforced by a succession of small branches, which enter the vertebral canal...
In human anatomy, the anterior spinal artery is the blood vessel that supplies the anterior portion of the spinal cord. ...
The posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) is one of the three main arterial blood supplies for the cerebellum. ...
The basilar artery is one of the arteries which the brain supplies with oxygen-rich blood. ...
The vertebral vein is formed in the suboccipital triangle, from numerous small tributaries which spring from the internal vertebral venous plexuses and issue from the vertebral canal above the posterior arch of the atlas. ...
Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) is a huge controlled vocabulary (or metadata system) for the purpose of indexing journal articles and books in the life sciences. ...
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The subclavian artery is a major artery of the upper thorax that mainly supplies blood to the head and arms. ...
Cervical They arise, one on each side of the body, then enter deep to the transverse process of the level of the 6th cervical vertebrae (C6). In vertebrates, cervical vertebrae (singular: vertebra) are those vertebrae immediately behind (caudal to) the skull. ...
It then proceeds superiorly, under the transverse process of each cervical vertebra until C1. A diagram of a thoracic vertebra. ...
A diagram of a thoracic vertebra. ...
This path is largely parallel to, but distinct from, the route of the carotid artery ascending through the neck. In human anatomy, the carotid artery is a major artery of the head and neck. ...
At the C1 level the vertebral arteries travel across the posterior arch of the atlas before entering the foramen magnum. For other uses, see Atlas (disambiguation). ...
In anatomy, the foramen magum is the large hole through the occipital bone in the base of the skull, through which the medulla oblongata (an extension of the spinal cord) exits the skull vault. ...
Cranial Inside the skull, the two vertebral arteries join up to form the basilar artery at the base of the medulla oblongata. The basilar artery is one of the arteries which the brain supplies with oxygen-rich blood. ...
The medulla oblongata is the lower portion of the brainstem. ...
The basilar artery is the main blood supply to the brainstem and connects to the Circle of Willis to potentially supply the rest of the brain if there is compromise to one of the carotids. The basilar artery is one of the arteries which the brain supplies with oxygen-rich blood. ...
The brain stem is the stalk of the brain below the cerebral hemispheres. ...
The circle of Willis (also called the cerebral arterial circle or arterial circle of Willis) is a circle of arteries that supply blood to the brain. ...
In human anatomy, the carotid artery is a major artery of the head and neck. ...
At each cervical level, the vertebral artery sends branches to the surrounding musculature via anterior spinal arteries. In human anatomy, the anterior spinal artery is the blood vessel that supplies the anterior portion of the spinal cord. ...
Division into four parts The vertebral artery may be divided into four parts:
First part The first part runs upward and backward between the Longus colli and the Scalenus anterior. The Longus colli muscle is a muscle of the human body. ...
The Scalenus anterior (Scalenus anticus) lies deeply at the side of the neck, behind the Sternocleidomastoideus. ...
In front of it are the internal jugular and vertebral veins, and it is crossed by the inferior thyroid artery; the left vertebral is crossed by the thoracic duct also. The internal jugular vein collects the blood from the brain, from the superficial parts of the face, and from the neck. ...
The vertebral vein is formed in the suboccipital triangle, from numerous small tributaries which spring from the internal vertebral venous plexuses and issue from the vertebral canal above the posterior arch of the atlas. ...
The inferior thyroid artery passes upward, in front of the vertebral artery and Longus colli; then turns medialward behind the carotid sheath and its contents, and also behind the sympathetic trunk, the middle cervical ganglion resting upon the vessel. ...
In human anatomy, the thoracic duct is an important part of the lymphatic system — it is the largest lymphatic vessel in the body. ...
Behind it are the transverse process of the seventh cervical vertebra, the sympathetic trunk and its inferior cervical ganglion. A diagram of a thoracic vertebra. ...
The sympathetic trunk (sympathetic chain, gangliated cord) is a bundle of nerve fibers that runs from the base of the skull to the coccyx. ...
It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into cervical ganglia. ...
Second part The second part runs upward through the foramina in the transverse processes of the upper six cervical vertebræ, and is surrounded by branches from the inferior cervical sympathetic ganglion and by a plexus of veins which unite to form the vertebral vein at the lower part of the neck. In anatomy, a foramen is any opening. ...
The transverse processes of a vertebra, two in number, project one at either side from the point where the lamina joins the pedicle, between the superior and inferior articular processes. ...
It is situated in front of the trunks of the cervical nerves, and pursues an almost vertical course as far as the transverse process of the atlas, above which it runs upward and lateralward to the foramen in the transverse process of the atlas. The transverse processes of a vertebra, two in number, project one at either side from the point where the lamina joins the pedicle, between the superior and inferior articular processes. ...
Third part The third part issues from the latter foramen on the medial side of the Rectus capitis lateralis, and curves backward behind the superior articular process of the atlas, the anterior ramus of the first cervical nerve being on its medial side; it then lies in the groove on the upper surface of the posterior arch of the atlas, and enters the vertebral canal by passing beneath the posterior atlantoöccipital membrane. For the muscle of the eye, see Lateral rectus muscle The Rectus capitis lateralis, a short, flat muscle, arises from the upper surface of the transverse process of the atlas, and is inserted into the under surface of the jugular process of the occipital bone. ...
The posterior atlantoöccipital membrane (posterior atlantoöccipital ligament), broad but thin, is connected above, to the posterior margin of the foramen magnum; below, to the upper border of the posterior arch of the atlas. ...
This part of the artery is covered by the Semispinalis capitis and is contained in the suboccipital triangle—a triangular space bounded by the Rectus capitis posterior major, the Obliquus superior, and the Obliquus inferior. The Semispinalis capitis (Complexus) is situated at the upper and back part of the neck, beneath the Splenius, and medial to the Longissimus cervicis and capitis. ...
The suboccipital triangle is a region of the neck bounded by the following three muscles: Rectus capitis posterior major - above and medially Obliquus capitis superior - above and laterally Obliquus capitis inferior - below and laterally It is covered by a layer of dense fibro-fatty tissue, situated beneath the Semispinalis capitis. ...
The Rectus capitis posterior major (Rectus capitis posticus major) arises by a pointed tendon from the spinous process of the axis, and, becoming broader as it ascends, is inserted into the lateral part of the inferior nuchal line of the occipital bone and the surface of the bone immediately below...
The superior oblique muscle, or obliquus oculi superior, is a fusiform muscle in the upper, medial side of the orbit whose primary action is intorsion and whose secondary actions are to abduct (laterally rotate) and depress the eyeball (i. ...
The Obliquus oculi inferior (inferior oblique) is a thin, narrow muscle, placed near the anterior margin of the floor of the orbit. ...
The first cervical or suboccipital nerve lies between the artery and the posterior arch of the atlas. The first spinal nerve, the suboccipital nerve exits the spinal cord between the skull and the first cervical vertebra, the atlas. ...
In a cervical vertebra, the posterior arch forms about two-fifths of the circumference of the ring: it ends behind in the posterior tubercle, which is the rudiment of a spinous process and gives origin to the Recti capitis posteriores minores. ...
Fourth part The fourth part pierces the dura mater and inclines medialward to the front of the medulla oblongata; it is placed between the hypoglossal nerve and the anterior root of the first cervical nerve and beneath the first digitation of the ligamentum denticulatum. The dura mater (from the Latin hard mother), or pachymeninx, is the tough and inflexible outermost of the three layers of the meninges surrounding the brain. ...
The medulla oblongata is the lower portion of the brainstem. ...
The hypoglossal nerve is the twelfth cranial nerve. ...
The pia mater has 26 pairs of denticulate ligaments which attach it to the arachnoid and dura maters. ...
At the lower border of the pons it unites with the vessel of the opposite side to form the basilar artery. Position of the pons in the human brain The pons (sometimes pons Varolii after Costanzo Varolio) is a knob on the brain stem. ...
The basilar artery is one of the arteries which the brain supplies with oxygen-rich blood. ...
Asymmetry The left vertebral artery is usually larger and carries more blood.[1] In fluid dynamics, the volumetric flow rate, also volume flow rate and rate of fluid flow, is the volume of fluid which passes through a given volume per unit time (for example gallons per minute or squeaks per parsec). ...
See also In human anatomy, arcuate foramen, also known as ponticulus posticus (Latin for little posterior bridge), refers to a bony bridge on the atlas (C1 vertebra) that covers the groove for the vertebral artery. ...
References - ^ (2007) "Doppler sonography evaluation of flow velocity and volume of the extracranial internal carotid and vertebral arteries in healthy adults". J Clin Ultrasound 35 (1): 27-33. PMID 17149761.
Additional images Section of the neck at about the level of the sixth cervical vertebra. Image File history File links Gray384. ...
| The arteries of the base of the brain. Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (600x681, 186 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Circle of Willis Wikipedia:Grays Anatomy images with missing articles 11 Cerebral circulation Posterior communicating artery List...
| Diagram of the arterial circulation at the base of the brain. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ...
| Upper part of medulla spinalis and hind- and mid-brains; posterior aspect, exposed in situ. Image File history File links Gray792. ...
| Posterior primary divisions of the upper three cervical nerves. Image File history File links Gray800. ...
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External links Vertebral Artery Dissection The State University of New York Health Science Center at Brooklyn, better known as SUNY Downstate Medical Center, is an academic medical center and is the only one of its kind in the Borough of Brooklyn in New York City. ...
A garden sign welcomes residents and visitors to Rogers Park as home of Loyola University Chicago. ...
The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (UM, U of M or U-M) is a coeducational public research university in the state of Michigan. ...
eMedicine is an online clinical medical knowledge base that was founded in 1996. ...
Georgetown University, incorporated as the The President and Directors of the College of Georgetown, is a private university in the United States, located in Georgetown, a historic neighborhood of Washington, D.C. With roots extending back to March 25, 1634 and founded in its current form on January 23, 1789...
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| Arteries of head and neck | | CC, EC: Anterior | superior thyroid (superior laryngeal) - lingual (sublingual)
facial: cervical branches (ascending palatine - tonsillar - submental - glandular) - facial branches (inferior labial - superior labial - lateral nasal - angular)
| | EC: Posterior and ascending | occipital - posterior auricular (stylomastoid) - ascending pharyngeal (meningeal branches) | | EC: Terminal, superficial temporal | transverse facial - middle temporal (zygomaticoörbital) - anterior auricular - frontal - parietal
| | EC: Terminal, maxillary | 1st part: anterior tympanic - deep auricular - middle meningeal (superior tympanic) - accessory meningeal - inferior alveolar (mylohyoid)
2nd part: deep temporal - pterygoid branches - masseteric - buccal
Section of an artery For other uses, see Artery (disambiguation). ...
Head and neck anatomy is a specialized study of the human body quite frequently studied in depth by surgeons, dentist, and dental technicians. ...
Left Common Carotid Artery- One of three arteries that originate along the aortic arch. ...
The carotid artery is a major artery of the head and neck. ...
The superior thyroid artery arises from the external carotid artery just below the level of the greater cornu of the hyoid bone and ends in the thyroid gland. ...
The superior laryngeal artery accompanies the internal laryngeal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve, beneath the Thyreohyoideus; it pierces the hyothyroid membrane, and supplies the muscles, mucous membrane, and glands of the larynx, anastomosing with the branch from the opposite side. ...
The lingual artery arises from the external carotid between the superior thyroid and facial artery. ...
The Sublingual Artery arises at the anterior margin of the Hyoglossus, and runs forward between the Genioglossus and Mylohyoideus to the sublingual gland. ...
The facial artery (external maxillary artery in older texts) is a branch of the external carotid artery that supplies structures of the face. ...
The ascending palatine artery is an artery in the head that branches off the facial artery and runs up the superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle. ...
The tonsillar branch of the facial artery ascends between the Pterygoideus internus and Styloglossus, and then along the side of the pharynx, perforating the Constrictor pharyngis superior, to ramify in the substance of the palatine tonsil and root of the tongue. ...
The submental artery is a branch of the facial artery that runs on the underside of the chin. ...
The glandular branches of the facial artery (submaxillary branches) consist of three or four large vessels, which supply the submaxillary gland, some being prolonged to the neighboring muscles, lymph glands, and integument. ...
The Iinferior labial artery (inferior labial branch of facial artery) arises near the angle of the mouth; it passes upward and forward beneath the Triangularis and, penetrating the Orbicularis oris, runs in a tortuous course along the edge of the lower lip between this muscle and the mucous membrane. ...
The superior labial artery (superior labial branch of facial artery) is larger and more tortuous than the inferior labial artery. ...
The lateral nasal branch of facial artery (lateral nasal artery) is derived from the facial artery as that vessel ascends along the side of the nose. ...
The Angular Artery is the terminal part of the external maxillary; it ascends to the medial angle of the orbit, imbedded in the fibers of the angular head of the Quadratus labii superioris, and accompanied by the angular vein. ...
occipital artery ...
The posterior auricular artery is small and arises from the external carotid, above the Digastricus and Stylohyoideus, opposite the apex of the styloid process. ...
The Stylomastoid Artery enters the stylomastoid foramen and supplies the tympanic cavity, the tympanic antrum and mastoid cells, and the semicircular canals. ...
The ascending pharyngeal artery, the smallest branch of the external carotid, is a long, slender vessel, deeply seated in the neck, beneath the other branches of the external carotid and under the Stylopharyngeus. ...
The Meningeal Branches of the ascending pharyngeal artery are several small vessels, which supply the dura mater. ...
Arteries of the neck - right side. ...
The transverse facial artery is an artery that branches from the superficial temporal artery and runs across the face. ...
The middle temporal artery arises immediately above the zygomatic arch, and, perforating the temporal fascia, gives branches to the Temporalis, anastomosing with the deep temporal branches of the internal maxillary. ...
The middle temporal artery occasionally gives off a zygomaticoörbital branch, which runs along the upper border of the zygomatic arch, between the two layers of the temporal fascia, to the lateral angle of the orbit. ...
The anterior auricular branches of the superficial temporal artery are distributed to the anterior portion of the auricula, the lobule, and part of the external meatus, anastomosing with the posterior auricular. ...
The frontal branch of superficial temporal artery (anterior temporal) runs tortuously upward and forward to the forehead, supplying the muscles, integument, and pericranium in this region, and anastomosing with the supraorbital and frontal arteries. ...
The parietal branch of superficial temporal artery (posterior temporal), larger than the frontal, curves upward and backward on the side of the head, lying superficial to the temporal fascia, and anastomosing with its fellow of the opposite side, and with the posterior auricular and occipital arteries. ...
The maxillary artery is the larger of the two terminal branches of the external carotid artery. ...
The Anterior Tympanic Artery (tympanic artery) passes upward behind the temporomandibular articulation, enters the tympanic cavity through the petrotympanic fissure, and ramifies upon the tympanic membrane, forming a vascular circle around the membrane with the stylomastoid branch of the posterior auricular, and anastomosing with the artery of the pterygoid canal...
The Deep Auricular Artery often arises in common with the anterior tympanic artery. ...
The middle meningeal artery is typically the first branch of the first part (retromandibular part) of the maxillary artery; one of the two terminal branches of the external carotid artery. ...
The superior tympanic artery, a branch of the middle meningeal on entering the cranium, runs in the canal for the Tensor tympani, and supplies this muscle and the lining membrane of the canal. ...
The middle meningeal artery is typically the first branch of the first part (retromandibular part) of the maxillary artery; one of the two terminal branches of the external carotid artery. ...
The Inferior Alveolar Artery (inferior dental artery) descends with the inferior alveolar nerve to the mandibular foramen on the medial surface of the ramus of the mandible. ...
As the inferior alveolar artery enters the mental foramen, it gives off a mylohyoid branch which runs in the mylohyoid groove, and ramifies on the under surface of the Mylohyoideus. ...
The deep temporal arteries, two in number, anterior and posterior, ascend between the Temporalis and the pericranium; they supply the muscle, and anastomose with the middle temporal artery; the anterior communicates with the lacrimal artery by means of small branches which perforate the zygomatic bone and great wing of the...
The pterygoid branches of the maxillary artery, irregular in their number and origin, supply the lateral pterygoid muscle and medial pterygoid muscle. ...
The Masseteric Artery is small and passes lateralward through the mandibular notch to the deep surface of the Masseter. ...
The Buccinator Artery (buccal artery) is small and runs obliquely forward, between the Pterygoideus internus and the insertion of the Temporalis, to the outer surface of the Buccinator, to which it is distributed, anastomosing with branches of the external maxillary and with the infraorbital. ...
3rd part: posterior superior alveolar - infraorbital (anterior superior alveolar) - descending palatine - artery of the pterygoid canal - sphenopalatine | | CC, IC: portions #1 and 2 | cervical portion - petrous portion (Vidian, caroticotympanic) | | IC: cavernous portion/ophthalmic | orbital group: lacrimal - supraorbital - posterior ethmoidal - anterior ethmoidal - medial palpebral - supratrochlear - dorsal nasal
ocular group: central retinal - ciliary (short posterior, long posterior, anterior) - superior hypophysial - inferior hypophyseal
| | IC: cerebral portion | ACA - anterior communicating - MCA - posterior communicating - anterior choroidal - circle of Willis | | SUBCLAVIAN: vertebral | meningeal branches - posterior spinal - anterior spinal - PICA - basilar (pontine - labyrinthine - AICA - SCA - PCA) | | SUBCLAVIAN: thyrocervical | inferior thyroid (inferior laryngeal, tracheal, esophageal, ascending cervical) - suprascapular - transverse cervical - dorsal scapular | |
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