Vicente Fox Quesada
President of Mexico
In office December 1, 2000 – November 30, 2006
Preceded by	Ernesto Zedillo
Succeeded by	Felipe Calderón
Governor of Guanajuato
In office 1995 – 2000
Preceded by	Carlos Medina Plascencia
Succeeded by	Ramón Martín Huerta
Born	July 2, 1942 (1942-07-02) (age 65) Mexico City, Mexico
Nationality	Mexican
Political party	( PAN) National Action Party
Spouse	Marta Sahagún (2001-Present) Lilian de la Concha (1970-1990)
Religion	Roman Catholic

Vicente Fox Quesada (born July 2, 1942) was the President of Mexico from 2000 to 2006. He is currently Co-President (with Pier Ferdinando Casini) of the Centrist Democratic International, an international organization of Christian Democratic political parties (which includes Mexico's National Action Party as a member). ^[1] Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1312x2000, 99 KB) English / Español Picture of Vicente Fox, president of Mexico. ... The President of the United Mexican States is the head of state of Mexico. ... is the 335th day of the year (336th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2000 (MM) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full 2000 Gregorian calendar). ... is the 334th day of the year (335th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Ernesto Zedillo Ponce de León (born December 27, 1951) was President of Mexico from 1994 to 2000. ... Felipe de Jesús Calderón Hinojosa (b. ... This is a list of the governors of the Mexican state of Guanajuato since 1917. ... Carlos Medina Plascencia (b. ... Ramón Martín Huerta (January 24, 1957 — September 21, 2005) was a Mexican politician affiliated to the National Action Party (PAN). ... is the 183rd day of the year (184th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1942 (MCMXLII) was a common year starting on Thursday (the link will display the full 1942 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Mexico. ... Nickname: Motto: Capital en movimiento Location of Mexico City in south central Mexico Coordinates: , Country Federal entity Boroughs The 16 delegaciones Founded c. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... The National Action Party (Spanish: Partido Acción Nacional), known by the acronym PAN, is a conservative and Christian Democratic party and one of the three main political parties in Mexico. ... The National Action Party (Spanish: Partido Acción Nacional), known by the acronym PAN, is a conservative and Christian Democratic party and one of the three main political parties in Mexico. ... Marta Sahagún de Fox (born Marta María Sahagún Jiménez) (frequently called Martita in a more familiar tone) became the First Lady of Mexico on July 2, 2001 when she married President Vicente Fox Quesada. ... The Roman Catholic Church, most often spoken of simply as the Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with over one billion members. ... is the 183rd day of the year (184th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1942 (MCMXLII) was a common year starting on Thursday (the link will display the full 1942 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... The President of the United Mexican States is the head of state of Mexico. ... Pierferdinando Casini Pier Ferdinando (or Pierferdinando) Casini (born on 3 December 1955 in Bologna, Italy) is an Italian politician, President of the Italian Chamber of Deputies from 2001 to 2006, President of the Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU) and member of the Union of Christian and Centre Democrats (UDC) party. ... The Christian Democrat International (CDI) was formerly known as the Christian Democrat and Peoples Parties International. ... Christian democracy is a diverse political ideology and movement. ... The National Action Party (Spanish: Partido Acción Nacional), known by the acronym PAN, is a conservative and Christian Democratic party and one of the three main political parties in Mexico. ...

Fox was elected President of Mexico in the 2000 presidential election, an historically significant election that made him the first president elected from an opposition party since Álvaro Obregón in 1920. The 2000 election was also significant because it was the first presidential election since the end of the Mexican Revolution to be generally considered competitive and fair. He was elected with 42 percent of the vote, marking the first time that the then-dominant Institutional Revolutionary Party had lost a presidential election. Mexico held a general election on Sunday, 2 July 2000. ... General Álvaro Obregón Salido (February 19, 1880 – July 17, 1928) was President of Mexico from 1920 to 1924. ... 1920 (MCMXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday. ... This article is about the Mexican Revolution of 1910. ... The Institutional Revolutionary Party (Spanish: Partido Revolucionario Institucional or PRI) is a Mexican political party that wielded hegemonic power in the country—under a succession of names—for more than 70 years. ...

After serving as president of Mexico for six years, President Fox returned to his home state of Guanajuato, where he resides with his wife and family. Since leaving the presidency, Vicente Fox has been involved in public speaking and the construction of the Fox Center, Mexico's first presidential library.^[2] Guanajuato is a state in the central highlands of Mexico. ... The Vicente Fox Center of Studies, Library and Museum also known as Foxilandia, is a center founded by former President of Mexico (2000-2006) Vicente Fox near his ranch in Guanajuato. ...

Personal life

Early life and education

Vicente Fox was born in Mexico City on July 2, 1942, the second of nine children. His father was José Luis Fox Pont, an American citizen^[3] and his mother was Mercedes Quesada Etxaide, a Basque immigrant from Donostia-San Sebastián. His paternal grandfather, José Luis Fox Flach, was born Joseph Louis Fuchs in Cincinnati, Ohio, United States, son of German Catholic immigrants Louis Fuchs and Catherina Elisabetha Flach. Nickname: Motto: Capital en movimiento Location of Mexico City in south central Mexico Coordinates: , Country Federal entity Boroughs The 16 delegaciones Founded c. ... is the 183rd day of the year (184th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1942 (MCMXLII) was a common year starting on Thursday (the link will display the full 1942 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Basque may refer to: Look up Basque in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Location Image:Donostia (San Sebastian), Euskadi location. ... “Cincinnati” redirects here. ...

It was believed that Vicente Fox's grandfather was of Irish descent, but the Cincinnati Federal Census records (1850, 1860) show that he was of German descent. The Fuchs ('fox' in German) family changed the spelling of their last name to Fox after 1870. In 1890, Joseph L. Fox worked as a shipping clerk for Emerson & Fisher, the carriage makers.^[4] Given the company's failure,^[5] and Cincinnati's economic stagnation, Joseph emigrated in 1898 to the nearest region that welcomed Catholic immigrants, Mexico, and changed the spelling of his name to José Luis Fox Flach. In 1915 he purchased a ranch in San Francisco del Rincón in Guanajuato,^[6] since then the Fox family seat. Cincinnati, Ohio viewed from the SW, across the Ohio River from Kentucky. ... San Francisco del Rincón is city in the in the state of Guanajuato, Mexico. ... Guanajuato is a state in the central highlands of Mexico. ...

Fox spent his childhood and adolescence at the family ranch. He moved back to Mexico City to attend the Universidad Iberoamericana where he pursued a business degree until 1964 and obtained a diploma in Top Management Skills from the Business School of Harvard University.^[7] The Ibero-American University (commonly known as Ibero, Spanish: Universidad Iberoamericana) is a private higher education institution sponsored by the Society of Jesus. ...

President of Coca-Cola Mexico

In 1964, he went to work for The Coca-Cola Company where he started as a route supervisor and drove a delivery truck. He quickly rose in the company to become supervisor of Coca-Cola's operations in Mexico, and later in all of Latin America. As President of Coca Cola Mexico, Vicente Fox helped oust Pepsi as Mexico's top-selling soft drink, increasing Coca-Cola's sales by almost 50%.^[8] The Coca-Cola Company (NYSE: KO) is one of the largest manufacturers, distributors and marketers of nonalcoholic beverage concentrates and syrups in the world. ... Latin America consists of the countries of South America and some of North America (including Central America and some the islands of the Caribbean) whose inhabitants mostly speak Romance languages, although Native American languages are also spoken. ... Pepsi Cola is a non-alcoholic carbonated beverage produced and manufactured by PepsiCo. ...

Marriage

Vicente Fox married a receptionist at Coca-Cola, Lilian de la Concha. They adopted four children, Ana Cristina, Vicente, Paulina and Rodrigo^[9]. In 1990, after 20 years of marriage, Lilian filed for divorce.^[10]

Vicente Fox married for the second time while in office. He married Marta Sahagún Jiménez (until then his spokesperson) on July 2, 2001, the first anniversary of his presidential election and his 59th birthday. For both, this was their second marriage.^{[citation needed]} Marta Sahagún de Fox (born Marta María Sahagún Jiménez) (frequently called Martita in a more familiar tone) became the First Lady of Mexico on July 2, 2001 when she married President Vicente Fox Quesada. ... is the 183rd day of the year (184th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2001 (MMI) was a common year starting on Monday (link displays the 2001 Gregorian calendar). ...

Early political career

After retiring from Coca-Cola, Vicente Fox began to participate in various public activities in Guanajuato, where he created the Patronato de la Casa Cuna Amigo Daniel, an orphanage. He was president of Patronato Loyola, a sponsor of the León campus of the Universidad Iberoamericana and the Lux Institute.^{[citation needed]} Calle 5 de Mayo. ... The Ibero-American University (commonly known as Ibero, Spanish: Universidad Iberoamericana) is a private higher education institution sponsored by the Society of Jesus. ...

With the support of Manuel Clouthier, Vicente Fox joined the PAN on March 1, 1988. That same year he ran for and was elected as a member of the congress representing the III Federal District in Guanajuato. During this period, he was the Coordinator of the Farming Commissions of the PAN fraction.^{[citation needed]} Manuel Clouthier Manuel de Jesús Clouthier del Rincón, also known as Maquío (June 13, 1934 – October 1, 1989) was a Mexican businessman and politician affiliated to the conservative National Action Party (PAN). ... is the 60th day of the year (61st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1988 (MCMLXXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Friday (link displays 1988 Gregorian calendar). ...

Governor of Guanajuato

After serving in the Chamber of Deputies, Fox returned to Guanajuato to seek the governorship. In 1991, he sought the position of governor of Guanajuato but lost to Ramón Aguirre Velázquez of the PRI. Following the election, local discontent was so great that the state Congress appointed Carlos Medina Plasencia of the National Action Party (PAN) as interim governor.^[7] Four years later, Fox decided to run again and was elected governor with a large margin at the age of 52^[8]. According to Mexico’s Federal Electoral Institute, the result was 58% for Fox, to 32% for the candidate of the PRI.^[11] Congress (formally: Congreso de la Unión or Congress of the Union) is the legislative branch of the Mexican government. ... Year 1991 (MCMXCI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the 1991 Gregorian calendar). ... Guanajuato is a state in the central highlands of Mexico. ... The Federal Electoral Institute (IFE) is an autonomous, public organization responsible for organizing federal elections in Mexico, that is, those related to the election of president of the United Mexican States and to the election of Lower and Upper Chamber members that constitute the Mexican Union Congress. ...

Since Vicente Fox was elected governor of Guanajuato, the state continues to be governed by candidates of Fox’s party, the PAN.

Campaign for President

In 2000, Vicente Fox decided to run for President of Mexico. In spite of opposition within his party, Fox secured his candidacy representing the Alliance for Change, a political coalition formed by the National Action Party and the Ecological Green Party of Mexico. During the course of his campaign a presidential debate was organized. There was a disagreement between the three main contenders, Fox, Francisco Labastida of the PRI and Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas of the PRD, and some of the arguments were broadcast on national television, notably the one on whether the debate should be held that same day or the following Friday^[12]. For minutes, Fox kept repeating the word "Hoy" meaning "today", originating the famous phrase "hoy, hoy, hoy!". The other candidates decided to postpone the debate, but Fox used that day's airtime anyway. At first the action brought criticism to Fox, but it soon backfired against his opponents when Fox started using his new phrase to gain new supporters as he campaigned for a better future "today". He claimed that his opponents wanted to leave everything for tomorrow, including Mexico's problems^[13]. The President of the United Mexican States is the head of state of Mexico. ... The Alliance for Change (Spanish: Alianza para el cambio) was a political alliance formed in Mexico for the purpose of fighting the general election of 2 July 2000. ... Francisco Labastida Ochoa is a Mexican politician affiliated to the Partido Revolucionario Institucional, who lost the presidential election to Vicente Fox in 2000, the first opposition president in 70 years. ... Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas (right) with Lionel Jospin. ...

During the presidential debate Francisco Labastida, his main opponent, claimed in a nationally televised debate that Vicente Fox had repeatedly called him a "sissy" and a "cross-dresser".^[14] For other uses, see Sissy (disambiguation). ... This articles is about cross-dressing in general, that is the act of wearing the clothing of another gender for any reason. ...

His campaign slogans were "Hoy, hoy, hoy!" ("Today, today, today!"), "Ya ganamos" ("We won" or "We've already won") and "Vota Alianza por el Cambio" meaning "Vote for Alliance for Change".

Amigos de Fox

Amigos de Fox ("Friends of Fox") was a non-profit fund raising group that was instrumental in getting Vicente Fox elected President of Mexico. The phrase was also used as a campaign slogan referring to the millions of people supporting Fox in the 2000 presidential elections. ^[15] Amigos de Fox was the name of the civil organization of support of Vicente Fox as the President of Mexico. ...

In 2003, money-laundering charges were lodged against the fund raising group, but were dropped a fortnight before the July 2003 mid-term elections.^[16] 2003 : January - February - March - April - May - June - July - August - September - October - November - December A timeline of events in the news for July, 2003. ...

Election results

Vicente Fox on inauguration day alongside two of his children in a mass rally and parade around Mexico City.

On July 2, 2000, the day of his 58th birthday, Vicente Fox won the presidential election with 43% (15,989,636 votes) of the popular vote, followed by the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) candidate Francisco Labastida with 36% (13,579,718 votes), and Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas of the Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD) with 17% (6,256,780 votes). Vicente Fox declared victory that same night, a victory which was ratified by President Zedillo. After the final results were announced, President-elect Vicente Fox met with thousands of supports at the Angel of Independence monument in Mexico City, to address his supporters and celebrate his victory. His opponents conceded the election later that night. Image File history File linksMetadata No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File linksMetadata No higher resolution available. ... is the 183rd day of the year (184th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2000 (MM) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full 2000 Gregorian calendar). ... The Institutional Revolutionary Party (Spanish: Partido Revolucionario Institucional or PRI) is a Mexican political party that wielded hegemonic power in the country—under a succession of names—for more than 70 years. ... Francisco Labastida Ochoa is a Mexican politician affiliated to the Partido Revolucionario Institucional, who lost the presidential election to Vicente Fox in 2000, the first opposition president in 70 years. ... Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas (right) with Lionel Jospin. ... The Party of the Democratic Revolution (in Spanish: Partido de la Revolución Democrática, PRD) is one of the three main political parties in Mexico. ... El Ángel de la Independencia (The Angel of Independence), most commonly known by the shortened name El Ángel, is a monument located on a roundabout over Paseo de la Reforma in downtown Mexico City. ... Nickname: Motto: Capital en movimiento Location of Mexico City in south central Mexico Coordinates: , Country Federal entity Boroughs The 16 delegaciones Founded c. ...

President-elect Vicente Fox received an enormous amount of media coverage, as well as many congratulating messages and phone calls from world leaders including the President of the United States at the time, Bill Clinton. William Jefferson Bill Clinton (born William Jefferson Blythe III[1] on August 19, 1946) was the 42nd President of the United States, serving from 1993 to 2001. ...

Fox administration

Cabinet

In contrast with his predecessors,^[17] President Fox chose the members of his cabinet through head hunters.^[18][19] At the beginning of his term, Fox dubbed his Cabinet as "el gabinetazo" ("the Super Cabinet"), as a way to recognize the capacity of the Cabinet members.^[20] Fox had originally stated that the Cabinet chosen at the beginning of his term would last 6 years, throughout his term, however, this did not happen.^[21]. One of the members of his cabinet was Felipe Calderón Hinojosa (subsequently elected President of Mexico), who served as Secretary of Energy for eight months, and resigned under pressure for his Presidential ambitions,^[22][23] when competing for the nomination of his party against Secretary of the Interior, Santiago Creel.^[24][25] The President of the United Mexican States is the head of state of Mexico. ... Francisco Ramirez Acuña (2006–present) The Secretary of the Interior (Secretario de Gobernación) is the head of the Secretariat of the Interior of Mexico. ... Santiago Creel Miranda, born december 11th, 1954, is Mexicos current Secretario de Gobernación (equivalent to the US Secretary of the Interior). ... Carlos María Abascal Carranza (b. ... In Mexico, the Minister of Foreign Affairs (Secretario de Relaciones Exteriores) is a member of the federal executive cabinet. ... Jorge Germán Castañeda Gutman (b. ... Dr. Luis Ernesto Derbez Derbez with Condoleezza Rice Dr. Luis Ernesto Derbez Bautista (born April 1, 1947 in Mexico City) is a Mexican politician. ... This is an article about the modern meaning of the term public safety. ... Ramón Martín Huerta (January 24, 1957 — September 21, 2005) was a Mexican politician affiliated to the National Action Party (PAN). ... Eduardo Medina-Mora Icaza is a Mexican lawyer who is the current Secretary of Public Safety in Mexico. ... In Mexico the Office of the Attorney General (Spanish: Procuraduría General de la República) is an institution belonging to the Federal executive branch that is responsible of the investigation and prosecution of federal crimes. ... Rafael Macedo de la Concha (b. ... Dr. Julio Frenk Mora Dr. Julio Frenk Mora (December 1953, Mexico City) is a Mexican physician and the head of the Ministry of Health of the Mexican government. ... Reyes Tamez Guerra (b. ... Dr. Luis Ernesto Derbez Derbez with Condoleezza Rice Dr. Luis Ernesto Derbez Bautista (born April 1, 1947 in Mexico City) is a Mexican politician. ... Fernando de Jesús Canales Clariond (b. ... Sergio García de Alba Zepeda is a Mexican busisnessman and accountant who is the current Secretary of Economy. ... Carlos María Abascal Carranza (b. ... Francisco Javier Salazar Sáenz is a Mexican politician affiliated to the National Action Party (PAN). ... Ernesto Martens Rebolledo (Tilapan, Veracruz, January 28, 1933). ... Felipe de Jesús Calderón Hinojosa (b. ... Fernando Elizondo Barragán Fernando Elizondo Barragán is a Mexican Senator affiliated to the National Action Party. ... Fernando de Jesús Canales Clariond (b. ... In Mexico The Secretary of Finance is the head of the Department of Finance and Public Credit (Secretaría de Hacienda y Crédito Público or SHCP). ... Francisco Gil Díaz (b. ... Communication is a process that allows organisms to exchange information by several methods. ... Pedro Cerisola Pedro Cerisola y Weber (b. ... Mexicos Secretaría de la Defensa Nacional (Secretariat of National Defense) is one of the many members of the State Secretariat that help the President of Mexico run the country. ... Gerardo Clemente R. Vega García (b. ... The Mexican Navy (official name Secretaría de Marina or SEMAR) is a branch of the Mexican Military responsible for conducting naval operations. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... In Mexico the Secretary of Social Development is the head of the Secretariat of Social Development (Secretaría de Desarrollo Social or SEDESOL). ... Josefina Eugenia Vázquez Mota (born January 20, 1961 in Mexico City) is a Mexican economist and politician who was recently appointed as secretary of education of Mexico by president elect Felipe Calderon starting 1 december 2006. ... Ana Teresa Aranda Orozco (b. ... Alberto Cárdenas Alberto Cárdenas Jiménez (b. ... Tourist redirects here. ... Bertha Leticia Navarro Ochoa (b. ... Rodolfo Elizondo Torres Rodolfo Elizondo Torres (b. ... Francisco Javier Barrio Terrazas (b. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ...

Economy

Vicente Fox was one of the few Presidents to avoid a major economic upheaval during office. During the three decades before Fox was elected, Mexico experienced some level of economic devaluations at the end of three of the four presidential terms from 1970 to 1994, until Ernesto Zedillo who let the peso-dollar parity float at the beginning of his term (1994-2000). Zedillo inherited the office to Fox without any economic urgency. In 2006, Vicente Fox, like Zedillo did in 2000, left the office to his successor without any currency devaluation or other financial trouble. Ernesto Zedillo Ponce de León (born December 27, 1951) was President of Mexico from 1994 to 2000. ...

According to Banco de México (Mexico's Central Bank), inflation rates during Fox's term went from 11%, in January 2000, at the beginning of his term, to 4.05% on December 2006, at the end of his term. Throughout most of Fox's term, inflation was consistently below 6%, mostly around 4.5%. According to the Central Bank, inflation hadn't been as low as during Fox's term since before 1973 (the lowest inflation record between January 1973 and December of 1999 was above 6%, most frequently going in double, sometimes triple-digits).^[26] Thanks to the Fox government's disciplined spending, Mexico created an estimated 1 million new jobs in 2006, a record.^[27] The Bank of Mexico (Spanish: Banco de México), abbreviated BdeM or Banxico, is Mexicos central bank and lender of last resort. ... 2000 : January - February - March - April - May - June - July - August - September - October - November - December Events: January 1- Millennium celebrations take place throughout the world. ... December 2006 is the twelfth and final month of the year and will begin in 2 day(s). ...

GDP growth dropped from an average of 5.1% in the Zedillo administration ^[28] to the lowest in a decade, an average of 2.2% during Fox's administration^[29]. According to Fox's first government report address (equivalent to the state of the union address in the United States)^[30], some sectors affected were mining ((-1.5% growth), manufacturing (-2.28% growth), and construction (-5.36%). At the same time the following sectors did not decrease: electricity, gas and water (1.76% growth), services (2.65%). Chuquicamata, the second largest open pit copper mine in the world, Chile. ...

Fox's cabinet blamed the low growth on the slow-down of the Economy of the United States, but as this country started growing again in 2002-2003 Mexico did not grow at the same pace and was surpassed by China as the second import partner of the United States^[31]. Fox had promised growth of 7% during his campaign and blamed Congress for the low economic growth but his administration had foreseen growth of 3.4% even without the approval of structural reforms, especially fiscal reforms. The United States economy has the worlds largest gross domestic product (GDP), $13. ...

Tax revenue as a proportion of GDP fell from 10.6% at the beginning of his administration to 9.7% at the end of his term^[32]. In contrast with previous administrations, debt as a proportion of GDP did not grow during Fox's term^[33].

Minimum wages during Fox's administration increased at a nominal rate of 34% from $35.12 pesos per day in January 2000 to $47.05 in December 2006. However, when translated to Purchasing Power Parity (PPP), real wages during Fox decreased 3.8%, from $80.27 PPP pesos in January 2000, to $77.07 PPP pesos in December 2006. According to Banco de México, this compares favorably to previous administrations, for wages had decreased by 305% from $296.22 PPP pesos per day in January 1976, to $73.91 PPP pesos per day on December of 1999. Minimum wages had decreased, in real terms, an average of 38% per Presidential administration from 1976 to 2000.^[34] The minimum wage is the minimum rate a worker can legally be paid (usually per hour) as opposed to wages that are determined by the forces of supply and demand in a free market. ... ISO 4217 Code MXN User(s) Mexico Inflation 3. ... December 2006 is the twelfth and final month of the year and will begin in 2 day(s). ... PPP The purchasing power parity (PPP) theory was developed by Gustav Cassel in 1920. ... 2000 : January - February - March - April - May - June - July - August - September - October - November - December Events: January 1- Millennium celebrations take place throughout the world. ... -1...

During Vicente Fox's term, the number of registered taxpayers grew by 35%. According to data by the Tributary Administration Service, the main driver behind this increase was growth in salary-based workers, starting in 2004, and that amounted to a 217% rate of growth compared to 2000 for this group of taxpayers. The more than 12 million salary-based workers who are registered to pay tax constitute 56% of the taxpaying base.^[35]

Job creation stalled during the first four years of Fox's administration. According to the Economist Intelligence Unit^[36] not only jobs were not created from 2000-2004 but the number of street vendors increased 40%. This workforce does not pay income or sales tax and significant minority of it participates on illicit activities such as smuggling of foreign goods and piracy. The latter grew during Fox's term to a multi-billion industry that produces 8 billion dollars a year^[37]. Net sales of the clothing industry in Mexico is calculated at approximately 1,500 million dollars, of which 910 million dollars are from clothing smuggled into the country^[38]. This entity, also known as EIU is part of The Economist Group. ...

The number of registered workers afiliated to the Mexican Social Security Institute decreased from 11,026,370 in December 2000 to 10,881,160^[36]. Unemployment increased from 2.7% in 2002 to 3.2 in 2003, and the number of non-payroll workers increased to 20 million people or roughly half of the population able to work. Jobs in maquiladoras decreased by 30%^[39] The Mexican Social Security Institute (Spanish: Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, IMSS) a governmental organization that attends to public health, pensions and social security in Mexico. ... A maquiladora or maquila is a factory that imports materials and equipment on a duty-free and tariff-free basis for assembly or manufacturing and then re-exports the assembled product, usually back to the originating country. ...

Housing was among Vicente Fox's top priorities. By 2006, the Infonavit, the federal fund for workers' housing, had 60% "market share" in the mortgage business, granting 435,000 credits a year, with an expected yearly growth of 24%.^[40]

During Vicente Fox's presidency, the Mexican Stock Exchange reached record highs throughout his term.^{[41] [42] [43]} The record highs were caused by a better economic outlook throughout his term, larger international reserves, and a better debt rating that led to lower interest rates.^[44] The Bolsa Mexicana de Valores or BMV is Mexicos main stock exchange. ...

In 2002, Mexico reached a GDP per capita of 9,381 dollars per year and thus became a medium-high income country^[45]. Five years later, Mexico went from beneficiary to full contributor of the United Nations Development Program. The United Nations Development Programe (UNDP), the United Nations global development network, is the largest multilateral source of development assistance in the world. ...

Mexico suffered a drop in competitiveness during Fox's administration. In 2006, Mexico took the 56th place of 60 countries in the World Competitiveness Yearbook due to poor infrastructure and ease of doing business as well as the inability of reducing manufacturing costs such as electricity. ^[38]. Regrettably the large investment in infrastructure in the country during his presidency did not translate in lower costs for manufacturers. The efforts of Fox's government did not produce the expected results because of a lack of coordination between government bodies. To address this in 2004, Fox launched an Economic Policy for Competitivity ("Política Económica para la Competitividad" or PEC) however, improvement in this area is not expected until after the year 2013^[38]. Competitiveness is a comparative concept of the ability and performance of a firm, sub-sector or country to sell and supply goods and/or services in a given market. ...

Human Development

The Human Development Index (HDI) is a comparative measure of life expectancy, literacy, education, and standard of living for countries worldwide. The table on the right shows the Human Development Index (HDI) of Mexico from 1975 to 2003 along with yearly percentage increases. The United Nations Development Programe (UNDP), the United Nations global development network, is the largest multilateral source of development assistance in the world. ... The United Nations Development Programe (UNDP), the United Nations global development network, is the largest multilateral source of development assistance in the world. ... This article is about the measure of remaining life. ... The traditional definition of literacy is considered to be the ability to read and write, or the ability to use language to read, write, listen, and speak. ... The standard of living refers to the quality and quantity of goods and services available to people and the way these services and goods are distributed within a population. ...

HDI improved in the first three years of the Fox administration 0.206% annually, the lowest increase in almost three decades. During the last year of the Zedillo administration Mexico reached for the first time in history, a HDI of 0.8 which is considered to represent high development.^[46].

In addition, it is important to note that during the first three years of the presidency of Vicente Fox, many countries such as Canada, France and Great Britain, reported low increases and even some decreases^[46] while countries like Cuba^[47] surpassed Mexico at 0.817 as well as Costa Rica with a 0.838 HDI^[48] and Argentina with a 0.863 HDI^[49], Brazil's HDI increased 1.17% from 2000 to 2003^[50] while Mexico's HDI only increased 0.62%^[51] from 2000 to 2003.

According to Trinity University economics department Chairman Jorge Gonzalez, the Fox record on human development is remarkable and thanks to the thoughtful initiatives of President Fox, "Mexico is finally acting like a developed nation."^[52]

Relations with Congress

In his inaugural speech, Vicente Fox said that with his Presidency started a new era of relations between the three political powers. "The President will propose, and the Congress will dispose", he said. This implied that, contrary to what was perceived of Presidents before him, Fox would respect the separation of powers and negotiate with Congress any reform that he wished to undertake^[53]. The Politics series Politics Portal This box:      Separation of powers is a term coined by French political Enlightenment thinker Baron de Montesquieu[1][2], is a model for the governance of democratic states. ... Congress (formally: Congreso de la Unión or Congress of the Union) is the legislative branch of the Mexican government. ...

The first major controversy between Fox and Congress occurred during the discussion of a comprehensive tax reform^[54] that included a value added tax of 15% on all products, including food and medicine, to replace the complex system of discretionary exceptions that still exists today. Congress rejected the reform as proposed by Fox. Tax reform is the process of changing the way taxes are collected or managed by the government. ... Tax rates around the world Tax revenue as % of GDP Economic policy Monetary policy Central bank   Money supply Fiscal policy Spending   Deficit   Debt Trade policy Tariff   Trade agreement Finance Financial market Financial market participants Corporate   Personal Public   Banking   Regulation        Value added tax (VAT), or goods and services tax (GST), is...

From then on, Fox's term was characterized by the strained relation between the Legislative and the Executive. Lawmakers from the opposition parties admitted they had a hard time dealing with Fox, while lawmakers from Fox's party claimed that there were "legislative excesses".^[55] A legislatureis a type of representative deliberative assembly with the power to ratify laws. ...

In his last annual state of the union address in September 2006, President Fox was prevented by leftist lawmakers from delivering his speech. He became the first president to not read his report before Congress and instead gave a televised address to the nation ^[56]. September 2006 is the ninth month of 2006 and has begun on a Friday. ...

Foreign policy

Before Vicente Fox, Mexico had a foreign policy "doctrine" known as the Estrada Doctrine, so named after its creator, Genaro Estrada (Secretary of Foreign Affairs during the Presidency of Pascual Ortiz Rubio). The Estrada Doctrine was a foreign policy directorate that favored an enclosed view of sovereignty. It claimed that foreign governments should not judge, for good or bad, governments or changes in governments in other nations, because it would imply a breach of their sovereignty^[57] . The Estrada Doctrine is the name of Mexicos core Foreign Policy ideal from 1930 to 2000. ... Pascual Ortiz Rubio (10 March 1877 – 4 November 1963) was a Mexican politician. ...

President Fox appointed Jorge Castañeda to be his Secretary of Foreign Affairs. Castañeda immediately broke with the Estrada Doctrine, promoting what was called by critics the Castañeda Doctrine. The new foreign policy called for an openness and an acceptance of criticism from the international community, and the increase of national involvement in Foreign Affairs.^[58] Jorge Germán Castañeda Gutman (b. ... In Mexico, the Secretary of Foreign Affairs (Secretario de Relaciones Exteriores) is a member of the federal executive cabinet. ...

During Fox's term, Mexico actively sought (and gained) a temporary seat on the UN Security Council.^[59]. However, Luis Ernesto Derbez, Fox's Secretary of Foreign Affairs after Castañeda, unsuccessfully ran for the position of Secretary General of the Organization of American States, losing to Chilean José Miguel Insulza. A session of the Security Council in progress The United Nations Security Council is the most powerful organ of the United Nations. ... Dr. Luis Ernesto Derbez Derbez with Condoleezza Rice Dr. Luis Ernesto Derbez Bautista (born April 1, 1947 in Mexico City) is a Mexican politician. ... According to the Charter of the Organization of American States: The Secretary General shall direct the General Secretariat, be the legal representative thereof, and [...] be responsible to the General Assembly for the proper fulfillment of the obligations and functions of the General Secretariat. ... Headquarters Washington, D.C. Official languages English, French, Spanish, Portuguese Membership 35 countries Leaders  -  Secretary General José Miguel Insulza (since 26 May 2005) Establishment  -  Charter first signed 30 April 1948 in effect 1 December 1951  Website http://www. ... José Miguel Insulza Secretary General-Elect of the Organization of American States José Miguel Insulza Salinas (born June 2, 1943) is a Chilean socialist politician and Chiles former Interior Minister. ...

Mexico hosted several international summits during Fox's administration^[60]. In the Monterrey Summit of 2001, which ended in the adoption of the Monterrey Consensus, President Fox and his Foreign Relations cabinet were protagonists of one of the most serious diplomatic scandals of his administration. For the Summit, many heads of State were invited to the International Conference on Financing for Development. However, in the early stages of the meeting Cuban President Fidel Castro surprisingly stood and said that he was leaving the city because of a "a special situation created by my participation in this Summit". Fox repeatedly denied Castro's allegations that he was asked to leave the summit, as per the U.S. request.^[61] A few days after the incident, a recorded phone call between Fox and Castro where the Mexican president asks Castro to leave before George Bush arrived at the summit was leaked to the press.^[62]. Nickname: Motto: El Trabajo templa el Espíritu Location of Monterrey in northern Mexico Coordinates: , Country State Founded 20 September 1596 Government  - Mayor Adalberto Madero ( PAN) Area  - City 860 km²  (332 sq mi) Elevation 537 m (1,762 ft) Population (2005)  - City 1,133,814  - Density 1,989/km² (5... Year 2001 (MMI) was a common year starting on Monday (link displays the 2001 Gregorian calendar). ... The Monterrey Consensus was adopted by Heads of State and Government on 22 March 2002 at the United Nations International Conference on Financing for Development (see: http://www. ... The Monterrey Consensus was the outcome of the 2002 Monterrey Conference, the United Nations International Conference on Financing for Development. ... Fidel Alejandro Castro Ruz (born on August 13, 1926) is the current President of Cuba but on indefinite medical hiatus. ... George Walker Bush (born July 6, 1946) is the forty-third and current President of the United States of America, originally inaugurated on January 20, 2001. ...

Relations with the United States

US President George W. Bush, Fox and Canada's Prime Minister Stephen Harper stand in front of "El Castillo", Chichen Itza on Thursday, March 30, 2006.

In the opinion of editorialists in the media and think tanks like COHA, the Castañeda Doctrine was "overtly submissive" to the United States. COHA's opinion was based on Mexico's support of Guatemala for a seat in the UN Security council, instead of supporting Venezuela, the contending candidate for the seat^[63]. Andrés Manuel López Obrador criticized the "Castañeda Doctrine", saying that Mexico should not "get involved in the internal lives of other people, because we do not want other people involved in our internal lives"^[64]. Indeed, the new foreign policy doctrine openly invited other nations to scrutinize Mexican internal affairs, in contrast with the previously prevalent Estrada Doctrine, which was criticized as an excuse to negate foreign criticism on the previous establishment^[58]. Finally, José Galán, an editorialist in La Jornada, accused the Fox administration of not doing enough to stop border violence against Mexican nationals^[65]. However, during the country's appointment to the UN Security Council, Mexico did not support the U.S. lead invasion of Iraq,^[66] damaging US-Mexico relations.^[67] Image File history File linksMetadata Bush_Fox_Harper. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Bush_Fox_Harper. ... George Walker Bush (born July 6, 1946) is the forty-third and current President of the United States of America, originally inaugurated on January 20, 2001. ... Stephen Joseph Harper (born April 30, 1959) is the 22nd and current Prime Minister of Canada and leader of the Conservative Party of Canada. ... El Castillo, Chichen Itza West side of El Castillo Plumed Serpent Ballcourt, from El Castillo El Castillo (Spanish for The Castle) is the nickname of a spectacular Mesoamerican step-pyramid that dominates the center of the Chichen Itza archaeological site in the Mexican state of Yucatán. ... Temple of the Warriors Chichen Itza is the largest of the Pre-Columbian archaeological sites in Yucat n, Mexico. ... is the 89th day of the year (90th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the institution. ... ... Andrés Manuel López Obrador (born 13 November 1953) is a Mexican politician, affiliated with the Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD). ... La Jornada is one of Mexico Citys leading daily newspapers. ... There have been three conflicts in the late 20th century and early 21st century called Gulf War, all of which refer to conflicts in the Persian Gulf region: Iran-Iraq War (1980-1988) (aka First Gulf War). ...

During Fox's administration, Mexico pushed negotiations for a "comprehensive immigration reform" that addressed the problem of illegal immigration to the United States. The issue has been called "The Whole Enchilada" by Fox's administration, and states that "immigration reform in the United States should address mutual border problems, the rights of undocumented immigrants, and the development of regions in Mexico that 'expel' migrants".^[68]. However, according to former U.S. embassador to Mexico Jeffrey Davidow, no formal negotiations occurred between the parties, all discussions on the subject were informal.^[69] This does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Illegal alien and Illegal aliens redirect here. ... Jeffrey Davidow (born January 26, 1944) is a career ambassador from the U.S. state of Virginia. ...

The immigration reform that Fox hoped to achieve included a Guest Worker Plan, "The best thing that can happen to both our countries is to have an orderly flow, a controlled flow, of migration to the United States"^[70] .This reform was supported by president Bush and approved by the U.S. Senate, however, the bill was rejected by the House of Representatives^[71]. According to the Washington Post, the hopes for the approval of the bill are lower than ever and have been complicated by the recent approval of the SBI (Secure Border Initiative), a bill that includes building a 700 mile triple fence between the U.S. and Mexico.^[72] This does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Foreign farm worker, New York A foreign worker is a person who works in a country other than the one of which he or she is a citizen. ... The Washington Post is the largest newspaper in Washington, D.C.. It is also one of the citys oldest papers, having been founded in 1877. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...

During Fox's presidency the net migration rate in Mexico increased 152% from -2.84 migrants per 1,000 habitants in 2000^[73] to -4.32 in 2006;^[74] comparably in the same period the population growth decreased 35% from 1.57%^[75] to 1.16%.^[74] Fox, who was said to be "proud" of Mexican immigrants in the U.S.^[76] has acknowledged the importance of remittances by both legal and illegal Mexican workers in the U.S. (now the #1 source of revenue for the country)^[77][78]'; sparking criticism from U.S. conservatives that claim that Mexico advocates soft migration policies to continue the influx of foreign generated capital instead of promoting a healthier economy that offers better opportunities to Mexicans slowing migration to the US^[79][80] Theoretical Human population increase from 10,000 BC – 2000 AD. Population growth is the change in population over time, and can be quantified as the change in the number of individuals in a population per unit time. ... Remittance advertising in Oxford Street, London with Russian slogans. ...

Relations with Latin American countries

Fox created a plan to develop Central America, called the Plan Puebla Panama. He has been criticized for his support of it.^[81][82][83] Championed by Mexican President Vicente Fox, the Plan Puebla Panamá (Puebla Panama Plan) is a multi-billion dollar development plan in progress that would link the nine southern states of Mexico (Puebla and points south) with all of Central America into a colossal free trade zone. ...

Vicente Fox had several controversies with Latin American countries such as with president of Cuba, Fidel Castro after the Monterrey Summit as well as the president of Argentina, Néstor Kirchner related to the FTAA during the 2005 Mar del Plata Summit of the Americas, and with Ricardo Lagos, then President of Chile regarding the new OAS Secretary General election, 2005 ^details and president of Venezuela, Hugo Chávez, about his presumed support for the U.S. president George W. Bush. Latin America consists of the countries of South America and some of North America (including Central America and some the islands of the Caribbean) whose inhabitants mostly speak Romance languages, although Native American languages are also spoken. ... Néstor Kirchner, full name Néstor Carlos Kirchner Ostoić (born 25 February 1950), is the President of Argentina, sworn in on May 25, 2003. ... The Free Trade Area of the Americas or FTAA (in Spanish: Área de Libre Comercio de las Américas, ALCA; in French: Zone de libre-échange des Amériques, ZLEA; in Portuguese: Área de Livre Comércio das Américas, ALCA) is a proposed agreement to eliminate or reduce trade... The tourist resort of Mar del Plata, 400 kilometers southeast of the Argentine capital Buenos Aires, is the venue of the Fourth Summit of the Americas, which will gather the leaders of all the countries of the Western Hemisphere, except Cuba. ... Ricardo Froilán Lagos Escobar (born March 2, 1938) is a lawyer, economist and social democrat politician, who served as president of Chile from 2000 to 2006 . ... A special session of the General Assembly of the Organization of American States was held on 11 April 2005 at OAS headquarters in Washington, DC, United States, to elect a new Secretary General of the Organization among member states. ... Hugo Rafael Chávez Frías (IPA: ) (born July 28, 1954) is the current President of Venezuela. ... George Walker Bush (born July 6, 1946) is the forty-third and current President of the United States of America, originally inaugurated on January 20, 2001. ...

2005 Summit at Mar del Plata

The Fourth Summit of the Americas took place on November 4th and the 5th in Mar del Plata, Argentina. Fox assisted with the other 33 presidents of countries in the Americas^[84]. Fox would attempt to reinitiate talks of support for the creation of the Free Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA)^[85]. However, discussion on the FTAA was not in the agenda of the Summit^[86]. The tourist resort of Mar del Plata, 400 kilometers southeast of the Argentine capital Buenos Aires, is the venue of the Fourth Summit of the Americas, which will gather the leaders of all the countries of the Western Hemisphere, except Cuba. ... is the 308th day of the year (309th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 309th day of the year (310th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Map of Mar del Plata and the surrounding region Panoramic view of Varese beach, Mar del Plata Mar del Plata is an Argentine city located on the coast of the Atlantic Ocean in the Buenos Aires Province, 400 km south of Buenos Aires. ... World map showing the Americas CIA political map of the Americas The Americas are the lands of the Western hemisphere or New World, consisting of the continents of North America[1] and South America with their associated islands and regions. ... This article or section needs to be updated. ...

Upon his arrival to Mar del Plata, Hugo Chávez, president of Venezuela, declared^[87]: Hugo Rafael Chávez Frías (IPA: ) (born July 28, 1954) is the current President of Venezuela. ...

Fox responded that the FTAA could be created with all of the countries in the Americas with the exception of Venezuela or the countries of the Mercosur^[88].

Marco Aurelio Garcia, one of the closest advisers to Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, President of Brazil, declared that Fox carried himself with haste in supporting the FTAA^[86]. Garcia declared that Fox's comment that the FTAA would be created with or without the Mercosur angered many^[86]. Fox did not applaud after Néstor Kirchner's presentation at the Summit, and when Fox attempted to bring the issue of the FTAA Kirchner that the FTAA was not the topic at hand at the Summit^[89]. Fox responded to the press declaring that Kirchner was more concerned with pleasing people in his country than the success of the Summit. Kirchner replied that Fox should attend to the Mexicans because it was the Argentine people who voted for him^[89]. The parliamentary groups of the PAN, PRI, PRD and PVEM in the Senate approved a motion to express their disillusionment about the performance of Fox and Derbez, his Secretary of Foreign Affairs, at the Summit^[90] Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (pron. ... Brazilian Presidential Standard The President of Brazil is both the head of state and head of government of the Federative Republic of Brazil. ... Motto (Spanish) (Portuguese) (Guaraní) Our North is the South  â€¢  â€¢ Pro Tempore Secretariat Montevideo, Uruguay Largest city São Paulo, Brazil Official languages 3 Portuguese Spanish Guaraní Membership 5 Argentina Brazil Paraguay Uruguay Venezuela Leaders  -  Carlos Álvarez Establishment  -  Declaration of Foz do Iguaçu 30 December 1985   -  Treaty of Asunción... Néstor Kirchner, full name Néstor Carlos Kirchner Ostoić (born 25 February 1950), is the President of Argentina, sworn in on May 25, 2003. ...

Education, science, and technology

According to René Drucker, coordinator of basic science research for UNAM, "no other government in recent history has neglected research in the basic sciences as Fox's".^[91] Fox's plan for the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, CONACYT, was that by 2006 this organization would receive 1% of the GDP, however the budget for this organization for FY 2006 was 0.33% of the GDP.^[92][93]. Federal Government investment on Research and development in 2004 was 0.41% in Mexico versus 0.95% in Brazil and 0.6% in Chile ^[94]. UNAM redirects here. ... Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (National Council of Science and Technology) (abbreviated CONACyT) is Méxicos equivalent of the USAs National Science Foundation. ... FY or fy can stand for: Fiscal year West Frisian language (ISO 639-1 alpha-2) Tajikistan, in ham radio Macedonia, the former Yugoslav Republic of in the list of NATO country codes Feynmanium (137Fy) – a nickname for untriseptium (Uts), chemical element 137. ... The phrase research and development (also R and D or, more often, R&D), according to the Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development, refers to creative work undertaken on a systematic basis in order to increase the stock of knowledge, including knowledge of man, culture and society, and the use...

José Vasconcelos Library

The José Vasconcelos Library, labeled by the press as the "Megabiblioteca" ("megalibrary"), is considered the largest investment in infrastructure in the Fox administration. The library is spread on 38,000 square meters^[95] and had an initial planned cost of 954 million pesos (roughly 98 million dollars)^[96]. The José Vasconcelos Library, labeled by the press as the Megabiblioteca (megalibrary), is considered the largest investment in infrastructure in the Vicente Fox administration. ...

Fox inaugurated the Library May 16, 2006 declaring that this is one of the most advanced constructions of the 21st century, and it would be spoken of throughout the world^[97]. This inauguration took place a week before the deadline the president had to promote his accomplishments before the 2006 presidential election^[98] 20XX redirects here. ...

The Library had to be closed down in March 2007 because of defects of construction^[99]. The Superior Auditor of the Federation detected 36 irregularities in its construction and issued 13 motions of responsibility for public servants of the federal government^[99]. Among the irregularities found was the misplacement of marble blocks at a cost of 15 million pesos (roughly 1.4 million dollars)^[99]. March 2007 is the third month of the year. ...

During the Calderón administration efforts to restore it continued with a further investment of 32 million pesos (roughly 3 million dollars)^[100]

2006 presidential election

Fox openly expressed his support to Felipe Calderón and his dislike towards his opponent populist Andrés Manuel López Obrador prior to and during the 2006 elections. On Chapter 14 of Luis Mandoki's Who is Mr. López? documentary titled "Foxilandia"^[101] Alfonso Durazo, Fox's former personal secretary, declared that no previous President was ever as active campaigning for candidates of his own party as was Fox. After Calderón's win, the elections were contested by López Obrador. The Electoral Tribunal of the Judicial Power of the Federation declared the election to be clean but highlighted Fox's influence in it, declaring that it was the greatest irregularity in the election. Alfonsina Bertha Navarro, minister of the Electoral Tribunal, declared^[102]: Felipe de Jesús Calderón Hinojosa (b. ... Andrés Manuel López Obrador (born 13 November 1953) is a Mexican politician, affiliated with the Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD). ... Luis Mandoki (born in 1954 in Mexico City) is a film director of the Cinema of Mexico and Hollywood. ... ¿Quién es el señor López? (Spanish for Who is Mr. ... Vicente Fox before the Mexican Congress Foxilandia is a critical term used in the Mexican political culture to make reference to the administration (2000–2006) of President Vicente Fox. ... Alfonso Durazo Montaño is a Mexican politician and a former member of the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) who served as chief spokesman and private secretary of President Vicente Fox. ...

In August 2006, El Universal polled 600 people in Mexico City, where López Obrador served as Head of Government from 2000 to 2005, and 59% believed that the 2006 elections were fraudulent and 63% believed votes should have been recounted^[103]. In February 2007, Fox declared about the desafuero process of López Obrador^[104]: August 2006 is the eighth month of that year, and has yet to occur. ... El Universal is a major Mexican newspaper. ... Nickname: Motto: Capital en movimiento Location of Mexico City in south central Mexico Coordinates: , Country Federal entity Boroughs The 16 delegaciones Founded c. ... February 2007 is the second month of the year. ... Andrés Manuel López Obrador Desafuero process of Andrés Manuel López Obrador is one of the most famous desafuero processes in recent Mexican history took place during 2004 and 2005. ...

Texcoco and San Salvador Atenco

In 2001, Fox announced the construction of a 2.3 billion dollar international airport in the municipalities of Texcoco and San Salvador Atenco in the State of México to relieve congestion at the overcrowded Mexico City airport, the busiest in Latin America. This new airport would bring thousands of new jobs to an area ravaged by extreme poverty.^[105]. Texcoco is a municipio (municipality) of México State, located in the Valley of Mexico to the east of the national capital, Mexico City. ... San Salvador Atenco is the Municipal seat of Atenco, in the Mexican state of Mexico. ... The United Mexican States, or Mexico, is a federal republic, comprising 31 states. ... Nickname: Motto: Capital en movimiento Location of Mexico City in south central Mexico Coordinates: , Country Federal entity Boroughs The 16 delegaciones Founded c. ...

The proposed airport plan would relocate 4,375 families and convert 5,000 hectares of farmland ^[106]. Peasants from these areas resisted relocation and formed the Community Front in Defense of Land in 2002. Soon the protests turned violent and protesters held hostages and state forces had to be sent to negotiate their release, while Fox announced no change in plans had been considered^[107]. After the federal government's failure to negotiate with the farmers the plans for the new airport had to be canceled. The protesters, many of which wore black ski mask made famous by rebels in Chiapas^[108] became instant heroes to poor farmers nationwide^[108]. while journalists, like Sergio Sarmiento called this issue "the biggest failure" of Fox's tenure and declared: The Frente del Pueblo en Defensa de La Tierra or Community Front in Defense of Land, was formed in 2002, by residents of San Salvador Atenco, to resist their forced displacement by the government of Mexico, to make way for a new Mexico City Airport. ...

This is in spite of the 1968 Tlatelolco massacre.^[109] Jorge Montaño, a former Mexican ambassador to the United States considered Fox was too "naive" to think these farmers would easily give up their lands and that his government should have taken more time negotiating with the farmers of Atenco instead of simply sending out engineers to measure runways and calculate flight paths. Montaño also declared that the compensation these farmers were offered were the minimum allowed under the law (3,000 pesos an acre, roughly 275 US dollars) before raising the offer to 21,000 pesos an acre (1,900 US dollars)^[108]. Year 1968 (MCMLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... A 1978 silkscreen poster by Rini Templeton and Malaquías Montoya created to commemorate the ten-year anniversary of the massacre. ...

After the cancellation, 76% of Mexicans polled thought more unrest would follow the president during his term^[108].

In May 2006, a group of flower vendors was being relocated from a market of Texcoco, according to a plan of the PRD-led municipal government ^[110]. The group refused to leave and asked the assistance of the Community Front in Defense of the Land who confronted the police department of Texcoco with machetes. The situation escalated and police officers were held hostage by the protestors^[110]. State and federal forces were sent to the site ^[111]. According to municipal government servants the protesters have felt invincible since the airport incident^[112]. The confrontation resulted in two deaths and dozens of injuries. On November 9 of the same year, the Attorney General's office admitted to torture and sexual abuse against the protesters ^[113]. May 2006 : ← - January - February - March - April - May - June - July - August - September - October - November - December- → May 1, 2006 (Monday) Chinese Patriotic Catholic Association outraged Vatican by planning to ordain another bishop, Liu Xinhong in Anhui Province. ... This does not cite its references or sources. ... is the 313th day of the year (314th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... In most common law jurisdictions, the Attorney General is the main legal adviser to the government, and in some jurisdictions may in addition have executive responsibility for law enforcement or responsibility for public prosecutions. ...

Fox blamed the Atenco group, lead by Ignacio Valle, for the incident and ordered his arrest calling the group an "insult to society"^[114] In October 2006, two months before leaving office, Fox declared that the social conflicts of Atenco and Chiapas were solved and Oaxaca would be solved before his successor took office^[115] October 2006 is the tenth month of that year and has yet to occur. ...

Congressional investigations

Congress has opened two investigations but has failed to produce evidence to prosecute the Bribiescas. During one of the investigations Fox called the deputies "delinquents"^[116]. A third congressional investigation was announced in May 2007.^[117] May 2007 is the fifth month of that year. ...

Controversial comments

• In May 2005, a controversy arose over comments Fox made during a meeting with Texas businesspeople in which he said, "There is no doubt that Mexicans, filled with dignity, willingness and ability to work, are doing jobs that not even blacks want to do there in the United States". This angered many African-Americans in the United States, prompting many black leaders to demand an apology from Fox. The Reverend Al Sharpton requested a formal apology from Fox to the African-American community and called for an economic boycott of Mexican products until an apology was received; he and many African-Americans felt that Fox's comments were insensitive and racist. The Reverend Jesse Jackson, during a news conference concerning Fox's statement about African-Americans, said that he felt that the comments were, "unwitting, unnecessary and inappropriate" and added that "[Fox's] statement had the impact of being inciting and divisive".^[118]

• Fox was also known to have misspoken the name of Argentine writer Jorge Luis Borges as "José Luis Borgués" in the Royal Congress of the Spanish Language. This error sparked accusations of an "uncultured" President.^[119]

• In 2006 after Evo Morales refusal to sell natural gas to willing buyers. Fox said, "Well, they'll either have to consume it all themselves or they're going to have to eat it."^[120]

• In yet another controversial move he decided to cancel the parade commemorating the 96th anniversary of the Mexican Revolution to take place November 20, arguing that it's an obsolete celebration in which nobody wants to participate anymore. Some analysts consider that this is a response to Andrés Manuel López Obrador's alternative presidency assuming to take place the same day. Criticism changes regarding the different sources: while some consider it a smart decision, others view it as a sign of political weakness.^[121]

• In November 2006, the TV network Telemundo released a video recording previous to an interview with President Fox where he states: "Ya hoy hablo libre, ya digo cualquier tontería, ya no importa, ya total, yo ya me voy", which means "I can speak freely. Now I can say any stupidity. It doesn't matter. Anyway, I'm already leaving". Then, during the interview he talked about the violent situation in Oaxaca. The President's office complained about the release of this images and said he was not aware of the camera and microphones being turned on. News agency EFE accused Telemundo of acting unethically, for the video is their intellectual property.^[122]

• In a lecture in the United States, in which he was a keynote speaker, he identified writer Mario Vargas Llosa as a Nobel laureated Colombian, when he is Peruvian (Spanish by naturalization) and not a Nobel Prize winner.^[123]

2005 : January - February - March - April - May - June - July - August - September - October - November - December- → Wikimedia Commons has media related to: May 2005 Deaths in May May 26: Eddie Albert May 25: Ismail Merchant May 25: Sunil Dutt May 25: Graham Kennedy May 22: Thurl Ravenscroft May 21: Howard Morris May 21... This biographical article needs additional references for verification. ... Look up Boycott in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... This box:      Racism has many definitions, the most common and widely accepted is that members of one race are intrinsically superior or inferior to members of other races. ... Jesse Louis Jackson, Sr. ... Borges redirects here. ... The Real Academia Española (Spanish for Royal Spanish Academy, RAE) is the institution responsible for regulating the Spanish language. ... Juan Evo Morales Ayma (born October 26, 1959 in Orinoca, Oruro), popularly known as Evo (IPA: ), is the President of Bolivia, and has been declared the countrys first indigenous head of state since the Spanish Conquest over 470 years ago. ... This article is about the Mexican Revolution of 1910. ... is the 324th day of the year (325th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 67 die and about 300,000 people are affected by floods in Ethiopias Somali Region of Ogaden after the Shabelle River bursts its banks. ... Telemundo is an American television network based in Hialeah, Florida. ... Catedral de Santo Domingo The Free and Sovereign State of Oaxaca or simply Oaxaca   is one of the 31 states of Mexico, located in the southern part of Mexico, west of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec. ... EFE is a Spanish news agency created in 1939 by Ramón Serrano Súñer and Manuel Aznar Zubigaray while the former was Spains minister of the press and propaganda. ... Mario Vargas Llosa in his youth. ... The Nobel Prizes (Swedish: ), as designated in Alfred Nobels will in 1895, are awarded for physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, literature, and peace. ...

Public image

During his campaign for president, Vicente Fox became well know for his unique cowboy style and popular charisma. With his trademark boots and “Fox” belt bucket, the president's personal style closely resembled that of many stereotypical "Mexicans". A gifted speaker, Fox usually gathered big crowds throughout his six years as president.^[124]

At six foot five, President Fox easily stood out in most crowds, and is believed to be one of the tallest presidents in Mexican history.^[125] After his inauguration, President Fox usually only wore suits for formal occasions, opting to wear his signature boots and jeans throughout his many visits around Mexico.^[126][127]

When President Fox welcomed U.S. President George W. Bush to his ranch in Guanajuato, both presidents were wearing Fox’s signature black cowboy boots, prompting the Wall Street Journal to call it “The Boot Summit”.^{[128][129][130]} George Walker Bush (born July 6, 1946) is the forty-third and current President of the United States of America, originally inaugurated on January 20, 2001. ... The Wall Street Journal is an influential international daily newspaper published in New York City, New York with an average daily circulation of 1,800,607 (2002). ...

Post-presidential life

President Fox with current President Felipe Calderón

On December 1, 2006, Felipe Calderón, Fox’s former secretary of energy, took office as the President of Mexico. On inauguration day, President Fox handed the presidency of the country to his successor in the middle of a huge controversy due to the razor thin difference in the presidential elections. Although Fox had promised a one year stand of silence, he quickly changed his mind and began addressing reporters a few days later. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Felipe de Jesús Calderón Hinojosa (b. ... is the 335th day of the year (336th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Public speaking

According to Marion Lloyd of the San Antonio Express-News, President Fox has never been fond of keeping traditions.^[131] Vicente Fox's broken tradition is staying visible after his Presidency. Unlike US Presidents, Mexican presidents usually fade from public view or disappear into exile, leaving the stage to their successor.^[131] This tradition was started when President Lázaro Cárdenas had former president Plutarco Elías Calles escorted out the country for attempting to influence his presidency, and ended with President Fox.^[132] The San Antonio Express-News is the daily newspaper of San Antonio, Texas. ... Federal courts Supreme Court Circuit Courts of Appeal District Courts Elections Presidential elections Midterm elections Political Parties Democratic Republican Third parties State & Local government Governors Legislatures (List) State Courts Local Government Other countries Atlas  US Government Portal      For other uses, see President of the United States (disambiguation). ... This article is about Gen. ... Plutarco Elías Calles (September 25, 1877 – October 19, 1945) was a Mexican general and politician. ...

After leaving office in December 2006, Fox has maintained himself in the public eye by speaking in countries such as Nigeria, Canada and the United States about topics such as the controversial 2006 election and the Iraq war. In Mexico, Fox's busy post-presidency has caused much criticism.^[131] Nevertheless, Fox states, "There is no reason to hold to the anti-democratic rules of those who still live in the authoritarian past…now that Mexico is a democracy, every citizen has the right to express himself, even a former president."^[131] For other uses, see Iraq war (disambiguation). ...

In addition, President Fox has expressed interest in campaigning for PAN candidates in future Mexican elections, an action that would make him the first former president in many decades to do so. Given that President Fox is still well-liked and left office with approval ratings looming 70%, many in Mexico are wondering if his support can get candidates elected.^[133]

Autobiography

Fox's autobiography, entitled Revolution of Hope: The Life, Faith and Dreams of a Mexican President, was released in September 2007, only in English, and only in the United States. ^[134] Upon the book's release, many were surprised to read several excerpts wherein Fox was highly critical of United States' President, George W. Bush, considered by many to be a close friend of Fox's. For example, Fox wrote that Bush was "the cockiest guy I have ever met in my life," and claimed that he was surprised that Bush had ever made it to the White House. Later, in an interview with Larry King, Fox explained that this was a misunderstanding; what he meant by calling George W. Bush 'cocky' was to say he was 'confident'.^[135] Larry King (born November 19, 1933) is an award-winning American writer, journalist and broadcaster. ...

Fox Center of Studies, Library and Museum

See: Vicente Fox Center of Studies, Library and Museum

On January 12, 2007^[136], over a month after he left office, Vicente Fox announced the construction of a center of studies, library and museum that has been labeled by the US press as Mexico's First Presidential Library.^{[137][138] [139]}The project will be a library, museum, a "center for the advancement of democracy", a study center, and a hotel, and it will be completely privately funded^{[140] [141]}. It is expected to be a genuine U.S. style presidential library. It will be built in his home state of Guanajuato, in his home town of San Francisco del Rincón. The Vicente Fox Center of Studies, Library and Museum is a center founded by former President of Mexico (2000-2006) Vicente Fox near his ranch in Guanajuato. ... is the 12th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... Guanajuato is a state in the central highlands of Mexico. ... San Francisco del Rincón is city in the in the state of Guanajuato, Mexico. ...

While museums are abundant throughout the country, it has nothing comparable to a presidential library where personal documents, records, and gifts amassed by a country’s leader are opened to the public. Fox’s library will be modeled after the Bill Clinton Library in Little Rock, Arkansas,^[142] which, according to the former President, will allow Mexicans to enjoy, for the first time in Mexico’s history, the liberty to review the documents, images and records that made up his six years as president.^[143] William J. Clinton Presidential Library, Little Rock, AR Clinton Presidential Center The William J. Clinton Presidential Center and Park includes the Clinton presidential library and the offices of the Clinton Foundation and the Clinton School of Public Service, established by Bill Clinton, the 42nd President of the United States. ...

According to the official website, the construction of the Center is in progress and advancing.^[144] Final completion of the library is expected by late 2007.

Centrist Democratic International

On 20 September 2007, Fox was elected Co-President (along with the re-elected Pier Ferdinando Casini) of the Centrist Democratic International at its leader's meeting in Rome. The CDI is the international organization of political parties that counts Fox's party, the National Action Party, as a member. ^[145] is the 263rd day of the year (264th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... Pierferdinando Casini Pier Ferdinando (or Pierferdinando) Casini (born on 3 December 1955 in Bologna, Italy) is an Italian politician, President of the Italian Chamber of Deputies from 2001 to 2006, President of the Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU) and member of the Union of Christian and Centre Democrats (UDC) party. ... The Christian Democrat International (CDI) was formerly known as the Christian Democrat and Peoples Parties International. ... For other uses, see Rome (disambiguation). ... The National Action Party (Spanish: Partido Acción Nacional), known by the acronym PAN, is a conservative and Christian Democratic party and one of the three main political parties in Mexico. ...

Statue controversy

In October 2007, an announcement was made in the municipality of Boca del Río, Veracruz, that a 3 meter (10 ft) statue of Vicente Fox was to be erected to honor the former president. This aroused much criticism from the opposition Party of the Democratic Revolution and Mexican media towards Boca del Río's mayor, who is affiliated with the National Action Party, of which Fox is also a member. October 2007 is the tenth month of that year. ... Boca del Rio may refer to: Mexico Boca del Río, Veracruz Venezuela Boca del Río, Nueva Esparta This is a disambiguation page — a list of articles associated with the same title. ... Location within Mexico Country Capital Municipalities 212 Largest City Veracruz Government  - Governor Fidel Herrera Beltrán (PRI)  - Federal Deputies PRI: 6 PAN: 11 PRD: 2 Convergencia: 2  - Federal Senators PRD: 1 PAN: 1 Convergencia: 1 Area Ranked 11th  - State 71,699 km²  (27,683. ... The Party of the Democratic Revolution (in Spanish: Partido de la Revolución Democrática, PRD) is one of the three main political parties in Mexico. ... The National Action Party is the name of various political parties El Salvador - National Action Party (Partido Acción Nacional) Mexico - National Action Party (Partido Acción Nacional) See also: National Party, List of political parties. ...

The statue was put in place amidst protests on the dawn of October 13, 2007. The inauguration was to have been held on October 14, 2007. Some hours after the installation, however, a crowd of about 100 people brought the statue down with a rope, damaging it. The statue was later put back in place for the inauguration, then taken away for repairs. ^[146] is the 286th day of the year (287th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 287th day of the year (288th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ...

PAN members accused Veracruz's governor, Fidel Herrera, of ordering the attack on the statue, while Fox called him "intolerant". Some sources in the media considered that the installation of the statue was inappropriate, since former President Fox was facing allegations relating to an illicit enrichment scandal. Fidel Herrera Beltrán (Nopaltepec, Veracruz, March 7, 1949) is a Mexican politician and current governor of Veracruz. ...

Many of the protesters were members of the centrist Revolutionary Institutional Party (PRI), which governed Mexico for much of the 20th century, until Fox (of the conservative National Action Party (PAN)) won the 2000 presidential election, ousting the PRI from power. ^[147]

See also

• List of Presidents of Mexico
• National Action Party (Mexico)
• Mexican general election, 2000
• Foxilandia

// Between the time of Emperor Agustín de Iturbides abdication (March 19, 1823) and Guadalupe Victorias assumption of the office of President (October 10, 1824), there was a brief period when the executive power of the government was held by a committee. ... The National Action Party (Spanish: Partido Acción Nacional), known by the acronym PAN, is a conservative and Christian Democratic party and one of the three main political parties in Mexico. ... Mexico held a general election on Sunday, 2 July 2000. ... Vicente Fox before the Mexican Congress Foxilandia is a critical term used in the Mexican political culture to make reference to the administration (2000–2006) of President Vicente Fox. ...

Notes

Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 155th day of the year (156th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 243rd day of the year (244th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 155th day of the year (156th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 155th day of the year (156th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 155th day of the year (156th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 155th day of the year (156th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 155th day of the year (156th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 209th day of the year (210th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2001 (MMI) was a common year starting on Monday (link displays the 2001 Gregorian calendar). ... Grupo Reforma is media company that controls a number of Mexican daily newspapers including El Norte in Monterrey, Reforma in Mexico City, Mural in Guadalajara, and Palabra in Saltillo . ... Milenio Diario is a major national newspaper in Mexico, owned by Grupo Multimedios. ... Televisa is the largest media company in the Spanish-speaking world[1], followed by TV Azteca, and a major player in the international entertainment business. ... is the 172nd day of the year (173rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 244th day of the year (245th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2001 (MMI) was a common year starting on Monday (link displays the 2001 Gregorian calendar). ... El Universal is a major Mexican newspaper. ... is the 141st day of the year (142nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 53rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... El Universal is a major Mexican newspaper. ... December 11 is the 345th day of the year (346th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... El Universal is a major Mexican newspaper. ... is the 7th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... El Universal is a major Mexican newspaper. ... is the 119th day of the year (120th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... El Universal is a major Mexican newspaper. ... is the 129th day of the year (130th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... The Taipei Times is one of the three English-language newspapers in Taiwan, the other two being the Taiwan News and the China Post. ... is the 75th day of the year (76th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 155th day of the year (156th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Washington Post is the largest newspaper in Washington, D.C.. It is also one of the citys oldest papers, having been founded in 1877. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 155th day of the year (156th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 124th day of the year (125th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 149th day of the year (150th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 45th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 149th day of the year (150th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 45th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 149th day of the year (150th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... June 9 is the 160th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (161st in leap years), with 205 days remaining. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 149th day of the year (150th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 125th day of the year (126th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 149th day of the year (150th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 297th day of the year (298th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 149th day of the year (150th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The San Antonio Express-News is the daily newspaper of San Antonio, Texas. ... Grupo Reforma is media company that controls a number of Mexican daily newspapers including El Norte in Monterrey, Reforma in Mexico City, Mural in Guadalajara, and Palabra in Saltillo . ... Grupo Reforma is media company that controls a number of Mexican daily newspapers including El Norte in Monterrey, Reforma in Mexico City, Mural in Guadalajara, and Palabra in Saltillo . ... Grupo Reforma is media company that controls a number of Mexican daily newspapers including El Norte in Monterrey, Reforma in Mexico City, Mural in Guadalajara, and Palabra in Saltillo . ...

External links

Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to:

Vicente Fox

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

Vicente Fox

• Vicente Fox website during his Presidency
• Vicente Fox Museum and Library
• Extended bio and presidential tenure, by CIDOB Foundation
• Vicente Fox Interview on The Hour with George Stroumboulopoulos

Mexican Post-Revolution Presidents

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« Post-Reform Presidents

Persondata
NAME	Fox Quesada, Vicente
ALTERNATIVE NAMES
SHORT DESCRIPTION	Mexican president
DATE OF BIRTH	July 2, 1942
PLACE OF BIRTH	Mexico City, Mexico
DATE OF DEATH
PLACE OF DEATH