The Blessed Victor III, né Dauferius (b. 1026? d. September 16, 1087), pope (May 24, 1086 until his death), was the successor of Pope Gregory VII. Son of Landolfo V, prince of Benevento, he was born ca. 1026; in his thirtieth year he entered monastic life at Monte Cassino, changing his name of Dauferius to Desiderius. He soon became abbot of the monastery, and in 1059 Nicholas II raised him to the cardinalate.
He rendered many important services to Gregory VII, who accordingly on his deathbed indicated him to the cardinals of south Italy as his worthiest successor. He was elected on May 24 1086, but showed genuine reluctance to accept the embarrassing honour thus thrust upon him, and after his tardy consecration, which did not take place till May 9, 1087, he withdrew at once to Monte Cassino. The countess Matilda of Tuscany soon afterwards induced him to return to Rome; but, owing to the presence of the antipopeClement III, (Guibert of Ravenna), who had powerful partisans, his stay there was short. In August he held at Benevento a synod of some importance, at which Clement III was excommunicated, lay-investiture forbidden, and a kind of crusade proclaimed against the Saracens in Africa. During the synod Victor fell ill, and withdrew to Monte Cassino, where he died on 16th September 1087. His successor was Urban II.
Victor Emmanuel III of Italy (11 November, 1869 – 28 December, 1947), was the King of Italy (29 July, 1900 – 9 May, 1946), and claimed the titles Emperor of Ethiopia (1936 - 1943) and King of Albania (1939 - 1943).
Victor Emmanuel III's position as Emperor of Ethiopia was not universally accepted, as Italy had overthrown the native Emperor, Haile Selassie.
Victor Emmanuel III yielded the power to his son Humbert II in 1944, Humbert was appointed as Lieutenant General of the Realm, and finally abdicated in 1946.
VICTOR II., the successor of Leo IX., was consecrated in St Peter's, Rome, on the i3th of April 1055.
In June 1055 Victor met the emperor at Florence, and held a council, which anew condemned clerical marriages, simony and the alienation of the estates of the church.
As guardian of Henry's infant son, and adviser of the empress Agnes, Victor now wielded enormous power, which he began to use with much tact for the maintenance of peace throughout the empire and for strengthening the papacy against the aggressions of the barons.
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