NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Vientiane

Vientiane (IPA: /vyen tyn/, Lao ວຽງຈັນ Viangchan) is the capital city of Laos, situated in the Mekong Valley. The estimated population of the city is 200,000 (2005) while the number of people living in the Vientiane metropolitan area (the entire Vientiane Prefecture and parts of Vientiane Province) is believed to be over 730,000. Vientiane is located at 17°58' North, 102°36' East (17.9667, 102.6). [1] Vientiane (Lao àº§àº½àº‡àºˆàº±àº™) is a prefecture (kampheng nakhon) of Laos, located in the north-west of the country. ... Vientiane (Lao ວຽງຈັນ) is a province of Laos, located in the northwest of the country. ... IPA may refer to: The International Phonetic Alphabet or India Pale Ale ... View of the Mekong before the sunset The Mekong is one of the worlds major rivers. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Administration

Vientiane is located in and is the capital of the Vientiane Prefecture (kampheng nakhon Vientiane). There is also the Vientiane Province — the prefecture was split off from the province in 1989. Vientiane (Lao àº§àº½àº‡àºˆàº±àº™) is a prefecture (kampheng nakhon) of Laos, located in the north-west of the country. ... Vientiane (Lao ວຽງຈັນ) is a province of Laos, located in the northwest of the country. ...

Geography

Vientiane is situated on a bending bend on the Mekong river, which forms the border with Thailand at this point. Map of the Mekong River watershed. ...

History

The great Laotian epic, the Phra Lak Phra Lam, claims that Prince Thattaradtha founded the city when he left the legendary Lao kingdom of Muong Inthapatha Maha Nakhone because he was denied the throne in favor of his younger brother. Thattaradtha originally founded a city called Maha Thani Si Phan Phao on the western banks of the Mekong River; this city was told to have later become today's Udon Thani, Thailand. One day, a seven-headed Naga told Thattaradtha to start a new city on the eastern bank of the river opposite Maha Thani Si Phan Phao. The prince called this city Chanthabuly Si Sattanakhanahud; which was told to be the predecessor of modern Vientiane. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2240x1652, 689 KB) Summary Description: Laos, Vientiane, Pha That Luang, the national symbol of Laos Capture date: January 2006 Photographer: Oliver Spalt Licensing File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2240x1652, 689 KB) Summary Description: Laos, Vientiane, Pha That Luang, the national symbol of Laos Capture date: January 2006 Photographer: Oliver Spalt Licensing File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are... Pha That Luang Pha That Luang (Paa T-had Lu-uang) (Great Stupa in Laos) is a Buddhist temple in Vientiane, Laos. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1704x2272, 2261 KB) Monk repainting a nara (mythical dragon) at Pha That Luang (Golden Stupa) in Vientane, Laos, January 2005. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1704x2272, 2261 KB) Monk repainting a nara (mythical dragon) at Pha That Luang (Golden Stupa) in Vientane, Laos, January 2005. ... Phra Lak Phra Lam, pronounced [pÊ°aË lÉ‘k pÊ°aË laËm] (in Lao script: àºžàº®àº°àº¥àº±àºàºžàº®àº°àº®àº²àº¡), is the Lao version of Indias Ramayana. ... View of the Mekong before the sunset The Mekong is one of the worlds major rivers. ... Udon Thani (thai อุดรธานี) is a city in the north-east of Thailand (Isan). ... The nagas ( snake) are an ancient race of snake-humanoid beings first depicted in ancient Vedic Hindu mythology and oral folklore from at least 5000 B.C.E. Stories involving the Nagas are still very much a part of contemporary cultural traditions in predominantly Hindu (India, Nepal, and the island...

Contrary to the Phra Lak Phra Lam, most historians believe Vientiane was an early Khmer settlement centered around a Hindu temple, which the Pha That Luang would later replace. In the 11th and 12th centuries, the time when the Lao and Thai people are believed to have entered Southeast Asia from Southern China, the few remaining Khmers in the area were either killed, removed, or assimilated into the Lao civilization, which would soon overtake the area. Khmer can refer to, the: Khmer people, the ethnic group to which the great majority of Cambodians belong to Khmer language Khmer script Khmer Empire, which ruled much of Indochina from the 9th to the 13th centuries. ... This article discusses the adherents of Hinduism. ... As a means of recording the passage of time, the 11th century was that century which lasted from 1001 to 1100. ... (11th century - 12th century - 13th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 12th century was that century which lasted from 1101 to 1200. ... This article is about Thailands ethnic majority. ... Location of Southeast Asia Southeast Asia is a subregion of Asia. ... Alternative meaning: In geology, North China (continent) and South China (continent) were two ancient landmasses that correspond to modern northern and southern China. ...

In 1354, when Fa Ngum founded the kingdom of Lan Xang, Vientiane became an important administrative city, even though it was not made the capital. King Setthathirath officially established it as the capital of Lan Xang in 1560. When Lan Xang fell apart in 1707, it became an independent kingdom. In 1779, it was conquered by the Siamese general Phraya Chakri and made a vassal of Siam. Events End of reign of John VI Cantacuzenus, as Byzantine emperor. ... Somdetch Brhat-Anya Fa Ladhuraniya Sri Sadhana Kanayudha Maharaja Brhat Rajadharana Sri Chudhana Negara better known as Fa Ngum (1316 - 1393, born in Muang Sua, died in Nan) established the Lao kingdom of Lan Xang in 1354. ... The Lao kingdom of Lan Xang or Lan Chang (Pali: Sisattanakhanahut, Lao: lÃ¢ansÃ¢ang, from Sinitic â€œvast number of elephantsâ€) was established in 1354 by Somdetch Brhat-Anya Fa Ladhuraniya Sri Sadhana Kanayudha Maharaja Brhat Rajadharana Sri Chudhana Negara (otherwise known as Fa Ngum). ... Setthathirath is considered one of the great leaders in Lao history. ... Events February 27 - The Treaty of Berwick, which would expel the French from Scotland, is signed by England and the Congregation of Scotland The first tulip bulb was brought from Turkey to the Netherlands. ... Events January 1 - John V is crowned King of Portugal March 26 - The Acts of Union becomes law, making the separate Kingdoms of England and Scotland into one country, the Kingdom of Great Britain. ... 1779 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... His Majesty King Rama I of Siam (portrait in the National History Museum, Bangkok) Buddha Yodfa Chulaloke or Rama I the Great, was king of Thailand from 1782 to 1809. ... For the country formerly called Siam see Thailand SIAM is an acronym for Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics. ...

When King Anouvong raised an unsuccessful rebellion, it was obliterated by Siamese armies in 1827. It eventually passed to French rule in 1893. It became the capital of the French protectorate of Laos in 1899. Anouvong was the last king of Vientiane, ruling 1805-1828. ... For the country formerly called Siam see Thailand SIAM is an acronym for Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics. ... Year 1827 (MDCCCXXVII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Year 1893 (MDCCCXCIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Year 1899 (MDCCCXCIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar). ...

Origin of the name

The name of the city is derived from Pāli, the literary language of Theravada Buddhism, and its original meaning was "The king's grove of sandalwood", this tree being prized for its fragrance in classical India. It is also believed that the original name of Vientiane (Viangchan) means "City of the Moon" in the native Lao language. Modern Lao pronunciation and orthography do not clearly reflect the Pali etymology. The romanized spelling "Vientiane" is of French origin, and reflects the difficulty the French had in pronouncing the hard "ch" syllable of the Lao word; a common English-based spelling is "Viangchan", or occasionally "Wiangchan". PÄli is a Middle Indo-Aryan dialect or prakrit. ... Theravada (Pali; Sanskrit: Sthaviravada) is one of the eighteen (or twenty) Nikāya schools that formed early in the history of Buddhism. ... The branches of a young sandalwood tree found in Hawaii Sandalwood is the fragrant wood of trees in the genus Santalum. ... Lao (àºžàº²àºªàº²àº¥àº²àº§ phaasaa laao) is the official language of Laos. ... Not to be confused with Entomology, the study of insects. ...

Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1024x768, 105 KB)The national memorial, Patuxay, was built on the capitals main north-south avenue in the 1960s to celebrate the independence struggle. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1024x768, 105 KB)The national memorial, Patuxay, was built on the capitals main north-south avenue in the 1960s to celebrate the independence struggle. ...

Sights

Vientiane is home to a lot of Laos' only bowling alleys and mosques. There are many upper-class hotels in Vientiane. Haw Phra Kaew is a former temple in Vientiane, Laos. ... Patuxay (literally Victory Gate), formerly the Anousavary or Anosavari Monument, is a monument in the center of Vientiane, Laos built in 1962 or 1968. ... Pha That Luang Pha That Luang (Paa T-had Lu-uang) (Great Stupa in Laos) is a Buddhist temple in Vientiane, Laos. ... Talat Sao from the street Talat Sao is a morning market in Vientiane, Laos. ... The That Dam is a large stupa in Vientiane, Laos. ... The Wat Si Saket is a Buddhist wat, or temple, in Vientiane, Laos. ... Bowling is the common name for several sports that involve rolling a ball towards a target or to knock down pins. ... The Masjid al-Haram in Mecca as it exists today A mosque is a place of worship for followers of the Islamic faith. ...

Colleges and universities

National University of Laos (NUOL) is a university in Vientiane, the capital of Laos. ...

Transportation

The Thai-Lao Friendship Bridge, built in the 1990s, crosses the river a few miles downstream of the city to Nong Khai in Thailand, and is the major crossing between the two countries. Rails for an international railway link run on to the bridge, but service terminates several kilometers south of the river on the Thai side. The Thai-Lao Friendship Bridge (Thai Saphan Mittaphap Thai-Lao) is a bridge over the river Mekong, connecting the provinces of Nong Khai in Thailand and Vientiane in Laos. ... Nong Khai (à¸«à¸™à¸à¸‡à¸„à¸²à¸¢) is a city in North-East Thailand, capital of the Nong Khai province. ...

Vientiane is served by the Wattay International Airport. Wattay International Airport is one of the few international airports in Laos. ...

References

See also

Motto: Peace, Independence, Democracy, Unity and Prosperity Anthem: Pheng Xat Lao Capital Vientiane Largest city Vientiane Official languages Lao Government Socialist Republic - President Choummaly Sayasone - Prime Minister Bouasone Bouphavanh Independence from France - Date 19 July 1949 Area - Total 236,800 kmÂ² (83rd) 91,429 sq mi - Water (%) 2 Population - 2005... The Lao kingdom of Lan Xang or Lan Chang (Pali: Sisattanakhanahut, Lao: lÃ¢ansÃ¢ang, from Sinitic â€œvast number of elephantsâ€) was established in 1354 by Somdetch Brhat-Anya Fa Ladhuraniya Sri Sadhana Kanayudha Maharaja Brhat Rajadharana Sri Chudhana Negara (otherwise known as Fa Ngum). ... Map of the Mekong River watershed. ...

External links

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Western Asia : Yerevan, Armenia · Baku, Azerbaijan · Manama, Bahrain · Nicosia, Cyprus · Tbilisi, Georgia · Tehran, Iran · Baghdad, Iraq · Jerusalem, Israel · Amman, Jordan · Kuwait City, Kuwait · Beirut, Lebanon · Muscat, Oman · Doha, Qatar · Riyadh, Saudi Arabia · Damascus, Syria · Ankara, Turkey · Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates · San‘a’, Yemen A map showing Southwest Asia - The term Middle East is more often used to refer to both Southwest Asia and some North African countries Southwest Asia, or West Asia, is the southwestern part of Asia. ... Location Location of Yerevan in Armenia Government Country Armenia Established 782 BC Mayor Yervand Zakharyan Geographical characteristics Area - City 227 kmÂ² Population - City (2004) - Density 1,088,000 5196. ... Municipality: Baku Area: 260 kmÂ² Altitude: -28 m Population: 2,074,300 census 2003 Population density: 1280 persons/kmÂ² Postal Code: AZ10 Area code: +99412 Municipality code: BA Latitude: 41Â° 01 52 N Longitude: 21Â° 20 25 E Mayor: Hajibala Abutalybov The Baku region. ... Bahrain from space, June 1996 Manama (Arabic: Ø§Ù„Ù…Ù†Ø§Ù…Ø© Al-ManÄmah) is the capital city of Bahrain and is the countrys largest city with a population of approximately 155,000, roughly a quarter of countrys entire population. ... District Nicosia Government - Mayor Eleni Mavrou Population (2001) - City 206,200 Time zone EET (UTC+2) Website: http://www. ... Coordinates: Government - Governing Mayor Giorgi Gigi Ugulava Area - City 372 kmÂ² (143. ... This article does not cite its references or sources. ... Baghdad (Arabic: ) is the capital of Iraq and of Baghdad Governorate. ... For other uses, see Jerusalem (disambiguation). ... For other meanings, see Amman (disambiguation) and Ammann. ... Kuwait City Kuwait City (also Al-Kuwait - Ø§Ù„ÙƒÙˆÙŠØª), population 32,403 (2005 Census), is the capital of the emirate of Kuwait and part of the Al-Asimah governorate. ... For other uses, see Beirut (disambiguation). ... Classification City Sultan Qaboos bin Said al Said Area 3,500 kmÂ² [1] Population - Total (2005) - Density - Oman calculated rank 646,024 [2] 184. ... Doha (Arabic: â€Ž, translit: or ), population 400,051 (2005 census), is the capital of Qatar and is at , on the Persian Gulf. ... Riyadh (Arabic: â€Ž ar-RiyÄá¸) is the capital of the kingdom of Saudi Arabia, located in Ar Riyad Province in the Najd region. ... Damascus ( transliteration: , also commonly known as Ø§Ù„Ø´Ø§Ù… ash-ShÄm) is the largest city of Syria and is also the capital. ... Ankara is the capital of Turkey and the countrys second largest city after Ä°stanbul. ... Abu Dhabi or Abu Zaby (Arabic language: أبوظبي) is the largest of the seven emirates that comprise the United Arab Emirates and was also the largest of the former Trucial States. ... Building in Sanâ€˜aâ€™ Clay houses in Sanâ€˜aâ€™ The residence of Imam Yahya in the Wadi Dhar near Sanâ€˜aâ€™. Backstreet in Yemen (Arabic: â€Ž , sometimes spelled Sanaa or Sanaa) is the capital of Yemen and the centre of Sanâ€˜aâ€™ Governorate. ...

Unrecognized countries : Sukhumi, Abkhazia · Stepanakert, Nagorno-Karabakh · Ramallah and Gaza, Palestinian territories · Tskhinvali, South Ossetia · Lefkoşa (Nicosia), Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus Several of the worlds geo-political entities lack general international recognition, but wish to be recognized as sovereign states. ... Destroyed shop in Sukhumi Sukhumi (Georgian: , Sokhumi; Abkhaz: , Aqwa; Russian: , Sukhumi) is the capital of Abkhazia, a de facto independent republic, which is internationally recognized as being an autonomous republic within Georgia. ... National anthem Aiaaira Official languages Abkhaz, with Russian having co-official status and widespread use by government and other institutions Political status De facto independent Capital Sukhumi Capitals coordinates President Sergei Bagapsh Prime Minister Alexander Ankvab Independence â€“ Declared â€“ Recognition From Georgia 23 July 1992 none Currency Russian ruble Official... Province: Stepanakert (City) Area: Altitude: 813 meter (2670 feet) Population: ~40,000 Population density: Latitude: 39Â° 48 55N Longitude: 46Â° 45 7E Mayor: Eduard Aghabekian Map of Azerbaijan showing town of Stepanakert within Nagorno-Karabakh. ... Nagorno-Karabakh (Azerbaijani: Dağlıq Qarabağ or Yuxarı Qarabağ, literally mountainous black garden or upper black garden; Russian: Нагорный Карабах, translit. ... Ramallah (Arabic: ) is a Palestinian city in the West Bank of approximately 57,000 residents. ... Not to be confused with the Spanish name Garza. ... This article is about the Palestinian territories as a geopolitical phenomenon. ... Monument to the Russian poet Alexander Pushkin in Tskhinvali Tskhinvali (also spelled Cchinvali) (ge. ... National anthem Unknown Official languages Ossetian, with Russian having and widespread use by government and other institutions Political status De facto independent Capital Tskhinvali Capitals coordinates 42Â°14â€²N 43Â°58â€²E President Eduard Djabeevich Kokoity Prime Minister Yury Morozov Independence â€“ Declared â€“ Recognition From Georgia 1991-11-28 none... District Nicosia Government - Mayor Eleni Mavrou Population (2001) - City 206,200 Time zone EET (UTC+2) Website: http://www. ... Anthem: Ä°stiklÃ¢l MarÅŸÄ± (Turkish) Independence March Capital LefkoÅŸa (Nicosia) Official languages Turkish Government Representative democratic republic[1] - President Mehmet Ali Talat - Prime Minister Ferdi Sabit Soyer Sovereignty from Republic of Cyprus (de facto) - Proclaimed November 15, 1983 - Recognition Only by Turkey Area - Total 3,355 kmÂ² (not ranked...

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