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Encyclopedia > Vinoba Bhave

Vinoba Bhave, born Vinayak Narahari Bhave (September 11, 1895 - November 15 1982) often called Acharya (In Sanskrit and Hindi means teacher), is considered as a National Teacher of India and the spiritual successor of Mahatma Gandhi. Sanskrit ( , for short ) is a classical language of India, a liturgical language of Hinduism, Buddhism, Sikhism, and Jainism, and one of the 23 official languages of India. ... Hindi (DevanāgarÄ«: or , IAST: , IPA:  ), an Indo-European language spoken all over India in varying degrees and extensively in northern and central India, is one of the 22 official languages of India and is used, along with English, for central government administrative purposes. ... For university teachers, see professor. ... “Gandhi” redirects here. ...

Contents

Early life

He was born in Gagode, Maharashtra on September 11, 1895 into a pious family of the Chitpavan Brahmin clan. He was highly inspired after reading the Bhagavad Gita, one of the holiest Hindu scriptures at a very early age. , Maharashtra (Marathi: महाराष्ट्र , IPA  , translation: Great Nation) is Indias third largest state in area and second largest in population after Uttar Pradesh. ... is the 254th day of the year (255th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1895 (MDCCCXCV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Sunday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ... // Majority of the Maratha empire Peshwes belonged to this community. ... The term Brahmin denotes both a member of the priestly class in the Hindu varna system, and a member of the highest caste in the caste system of Hindu society. ... Bhagavad Gīta भगवद्गीता, composed ca the fifth - second centuries BC, is part of the epic poem Mahabharata, located in the Bhisma-Parva chapters 23–40. ... Hindu scriptures Hindu scripture is overwhelmingly written in Sanskrit. ...


Freedom struggle

He was associated with Mahatma Gandhi in the Indian independence movement. In 1932 he was sent to jail by the British colonial government because of his fight against British rule. There he gave a series of talks on the Gita, in his native language Marathi, to his fellow prisoners. “Gandhi” redirects here. ... The Indian Independence Movement was a series of revolutions empowered by the people of India put forth to battle the British Empire for complete political independence, beginning with the Rebellion of 1857. ... Year 1932 (MCMXXXII) was a leap year starting on Friday (the link will display full 1932 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Anthem God Save The King The British Indian Empire, 1909 Capital Calcutta (until 1912), New Delhi (after 1912) Language(s) Hindustani, English and many others Government Monarchy Emperor of India  - 1858-1901 Victoria¹  - 1901-1910 Edward VII  - 1910-1936 George V  - 1936 Edward VIII  - 1936-1947 George VI Viceroy²  - 1858... Marathi (मराठी ) is an Indo-Aryan language spoken by the Marathi people of western India. ...


These highly inspiring talks were later published as the book "Talks on the Gita", and it has been translated to many languages both in India and elsewhere. Vinoba felt that the source of these talks was something above and he believed that its influence will endure even if his other works were forgotten.


In 1940 he was chosen by Gandhi to be the first Individual Satyagrahi (an Individual standing up for Truth instead of a collective action) against the British rule. Bhave also participated in the Quit India Movement. “Gandhi” redirects here. ... The Quit India Movement (Bharat Chhodo Andolan or the August Movement) was a civil disobedience movement in India launched in August 1942 in response to Mahatma Gandhis call for immediate independence of India. ...


Shri Vinoba Bhave called "Kannada" script as "Queen of World Scripts" - "Vishwa Lipigala Raani."


Religious and social work

Vinoba's religious outlook was very broad and it synthesized the truths of many religions. This can be seen in one of his hymns "Om Tat" which contains symbols of many religions. He was also a scholar of many languages.


Vinoba observed the life of the average Indian living in a village and tried to find solutions for the problems he faced with a firm spiritual foundation. This formed the core of his Sarvodaya (Awakening of all potentials) movement. Another example of this is the Bhoodan (land gift) movement. He walked all across India asking people with land to consider him as one of their sons and so give him a portion of their land which he then distributed to landless poor. Non-violence and compassion being a hallmark of his philosophy, he also campaigned against the slaughtering of cows. Sarvodaya (Sanskrit and Hindi: सर्वोदय) is a term meaning universal uplift or progress of all. It was coined by the Indian nonviolent activist Vinoba Bhave to refer to the struggle of post-independence Gandhians to ensure that self-determination and equality reached the masses and the downtrodden. ... The Bhoodan (Hindi: भूदान, Urdu: بھودان), or Land Gift, Movement was a voluntary land reform movement in India started by Acharya Vinoba Bhave in 1951. ... Nonviolence (or non-violence) is a set of assumptions about morality, power and conflict that leads its proponents to reject the use of violence in efforts to attain social or political goals. ...


Later life and death

Vinoba spent the later part of his life at his ashram in Paunar, Maharashtra. He controversially backed the Indian Emergency imposed by Prime Minister Indira Gandhi, calling it Anushasana Parva (Time for Discipline). An Ashram (Pronounced aashram) in ancient India was a Hindu hermitage where sages (See Rishi) lived in peace and tranquility amidst nature. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... A young Indira Nehru and Mahatma Gandhi, during one of the latters fasts Indira Priyadarshini Gandhi (Hindi: ) (19 November 1917 - October 31, 1984) She was the Prime Minister of India for three consecutive terms from 1966 to 1977 and for a fourth term from 1980 until her assassination in...


He died on November 15, 1982 after refusing food and medicine a few days earlier. Some Indians have identified this as sallekhana. is the 319th day of the year (320th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1982 (MCMLXXXII) was a common year starting on Friday (link displays the 1982 Gregorian calendar). ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...


Criticism

V. S. Naipaul has given scathing criticism of Bhave in his collection of essays citing his lack of connection with rationality and excessive imitation of Gandhi. But it is also strange that the criticism has come from a person like Naipaul who has never stayed long in India and does not have any direct contact with or contribution for India. Sir Vidiadhar Surajprasad Naipaul, KB, TC (b. ...


Awards

In 1958 Vinoba was the first recipient of the international Ramon Magsaysay Award for Community Leadership. He was awarded the Bharat Ratna posthumously in 1983. The Ramon Magsaysay Award was established in April 1957 by the trustees of the Rockefeller Brothers Fund (RBF) based in New York City. ... Bharat Ratna is Indias highest civilian award, awarded for the highest degrees of national service. ... Year 1983 (MCMLXXXIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1983 Gregorian calendar). ...


Quotes

  • "All revolutions are spiritual at the source. All my activities have the sole purpose of achieving a union of hearts."
  • "Peace is something mental and spiritual. If there be peace in our (personal) life, it will affect the whole world"
  • "Jai Jagat!—Victory to the world!"
  • "It is a curious phenomena that God has made the hearts of the poor, rich and those of the rich, poor."
  • "What we should aim at is the creation of people power, which is opposed to the power of violence and is different from the coercive power of state."
  • "A country should be defended not by arms, but by ethical behavior."
  • "We cannot fight new wars with old weapons."
  • "There is no need for me to protest against the government’s faults, it is against its good deeds that my protests are needed."
  • "Do not allow yourself to imagine that revolutionary thinking can be propagated by governmental power."
  • "I beg you not to adopt any "go slow" methods of nonviolence. In nonviolence you must go full steam ahead, if you want the good to come speedily you must go about it with vigor. A merely soft, spineless ineffective kind of nonviolence will actually encourage the growth of the status quo and all the forces of a violent system which we deplore."

This article discusses the term God in the context of monotheism and henotheism. ... Nonviolence (or non-violence), whether held as a moral philosophy or only employed as an action strategy, rejects the use of physical violence in efforts to attain social, economic or political change. ...

See also

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (October 2, 1869 – January 30, 1948) (Devanagari: मोहनदास करमचन्द गांधी), called Mahatma Gandhi, was the charismatic leader who brought the cause of Indias independence from British colonial rule to... Gandhism (or Gandhi-ism) is an informal reference to the vision, core inspirations, principles, beliefs and philosophy of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, who was a major political and spiritual leader of India and the Indian Independence Movement. ... Giuseppe Lanza del Vasto Lanza del Vasto, (Giuseppe Giovanni Luigi Enrico Lanza di Trabia), (September 29, 1901 – January 5, 1981) was a philosopher, poet, artist, and nonviolent activist. ...

External links


  Results from FactBites:
 
Biography of Vinoba Bhave (1800 words)
Vinoba was born in a Brahmin family on September 11, 1895 at the village of Gagoda in Kolaba district of Maharashtra.
Vinoba, well-read in the writings of Maharashtra's saints and philosophers at a young age and deeply interested in Mathematics, was attracted to the core of learning.
For Vinoba, it was a victory of nonviolence.
Rick McCharles — Vinoba (1149 words)
Vinoba understood that he was to fast to the death on reaching prison.
Vinoba was a communicator, a simplifier, a translator of Gandhian thought.
Vinoba withdrew his guidance, asking his Sadhaks to do what "collectively and unanimously decide, putting aside those proposals, for now, on which there is no agreement." The 31 inmates, today, mostly women, still decision-make this way.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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