? Violets
5-petaled purple, white, and yellow pansies
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae Division: Magnoliophyta Class: Magnoliopsida Order: Malpighiales Family: Violaceae Genus: Viola
Species
List of Viola species purple, white & yellow pansies. ... Scientific classification or biological classification is how biologists group and categorize extinct and living species of organisms. ... Divisions Land plants (embryophytes) Non-vascular plants (bryophytes) Marchantiophyta - liverworts Anthocerotophyta - hornworts Bryophyta - mosses Vascular plants (tracheophytes) Lycopodiophyta - clubmosses Equisetophyta - horsetails Pteridophyta - true ferns Psilotophyta - whisk ferns Ophioglossophyta - adderstongues Seed plants (spermatophytes) †Pteridospermatophyta - seed ferns Pinophyta - conifers Cycadophyta - cycads Ginkgophyta - ginkgo Gnetophyta - gnetae Magnoliophyta - flowering plants Adiantum pedatum (a fern... Classes Magnoliopsida - Dicots Liliopsida - Monocots The flowering plants (also called angiosperms) are a major group of land plants. ... Orders see text Dicotyledons or dicots are flowering plants whose seed typically contains two embryonic leaves or cotyledons. ... Families Family Achariaceae Family Balanopaceae Family Bonnetiaceae Family Caryocaraceae Family Chrysobalanaceae Family Clusiaceae Family Ctenolophonaceae Family Dichapetalaceae Family Elatinaceae Family Erythryloxaceae (coca family) Family Euphorbiaceae (spurge family) Family Euphroniaceae Family Goupiaceae Family Humiriaceae Family Hypericaceae (St Johns wort family) Family Irvingiaceae Family Ixonanthaceae Family Lacistemaceae Family Linaceae (flax family... Genera Agatea Allexis Amphirrhox Anchietea Corynostylis Decorsella Fusispermum Gloeospermum Hybanthus Hymenanthera Isodendron Leonia Mayanaea Melicytus Noisettia Orthion Paypayrola Rinorea Rinoreocarpus Schweiggeria Viola Violaceae is a family of flowering plants. ... This is a list of species in the plant genus Viola, the violets. ...

Violets (Viola) are a genus of flowering plants in the family Violaceae, with around 400-500 species throughout the world, mainly in the temperate Northern Hemisphere but also in Hawaii, Australasia, and the Andes in South America. They are typically found in moist and slightly shaded conditions such as hedgerows. In biology, a genus (plural genera) is a grouping in the classification of living organisms having one or more related and morphologically similar species. ... Classes Magnoliopsida - Dicots Liliopsida - Monocots The flowering plants (also called angiosperms) are a major group of land plants. ... Genera Agatea Allexis Amphirrhox Anchietea Corynostylis Decorsella Fusispermum Gloeospermum Hybanthus Hymenanthera Isodendron Leonia Mayanaea Melicytus Noisettia Orthion Paypayrola Rinorea Rinoreocarpus Schweiggeria Viola Violaceae is a family of flowering plants. ... Northern Hemisphere highlighted in yellow. ... State nickname: The Aloha State Official languages Hawaiian and English Capital Honolulu Largest city Honolulu Governor Linda Lingle (R) Senators Daniel Inouye (D) Daniel Akaka (D) Area  - Total  - % water Ranked 43rd 28,337 km² 41. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Oceania. ... The Andes between Chile and Argentina Satellite Image of the Andes (Source:http://earthobservatory. ... South America South America is a continent crossed by the equator, with most of its area in the Southern Hemisphere. ... For other meanings, see hedge. ...

Most violets are small perennial plants, but a few are annual plants and some are small shrubs. They typically have heart-shaped leaves, and asymmetrical flowers with four upswept or fan-shaped petals, two each side, and one broad, lobed lower petal pointing downward. The shape of the petals defines many species, for example, some violets have a "spur" on the end of each petal. Flower colours vary in the genus; many are violet as their name suggests, and some are blue, some yellow, some white, some cream; some are bicolored, often blue and yellow. Flowering is often profuse, and may last for much of the spring and summer. A Red Valerian, a perennial plant. ... A willow shrub A shrub or bush is a horticultural rather than strictly botanical category of woody plant, distinguished from a tree by its multiple stems and lower height, usually less than 6 m tall. ... In botany, a leaf is an above-ground plant organ specialized for photosynthesis. ... California Poppies in flower Flower (Latin flos, floris; French fleur), a term popularly used for the bloom or blossom of a plant, is the reproductive structure of those plants classified as angiosperms (flowering plants; Division Magnoliophyta). ...

One quirk of some violets is the elusive scent of their flowers; along with terpenes, a major component of the scent is a ketone compound called ionone, which temporarily desensitises the receptors in the nose; sniff all you like, you won't get any more smell from the flower. Terpenes are a class of hydrocarbons, produced by many plants, particularly conifers. ... A ketone is either the functional group characterized by a carbonyl group linked to two other carbon atoms or a compound that contains this functional group. ... Ionone or 4-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-3-Buten-2-one or cyclocitrylideneacetone or irisone C13H20O is a chemical substance and part of the terpene family. ... An olfactory receptor neuron, also called an olfactory sensory neuron, is the primary transduction cell for olfaction in the olfactory system. ...

Selected species

The following species have pages on Wikipedia; see List of Viola species for a more complete list. This is a list of species in the plant genus Viola, the violets. ...

• Viola arvensis - Field Pansy
• Viola biflora - Yellow Wood Violet or Twoflower Violet
• Viola canina - Heath Dog Violet
• Viola hirta - Hairy Violet
• Viola odorata - Sweet Violet
• Viola pedunculata - Yellow Pansy
• Viola riviniana - Common Dog Violet
• Viola stagnina - Fen Violet
• Viola tricolor - Wild Pansy or Heart's-ease

Note that Saintpaulia ("African violets") are not related to the true violets. Binomial name Viola arvensis Viola arvensis is a species of the genus Viola. ... Viola biflora Categories: Plant stubs ... Binomial name Viola canina L. Viola canina is a species of the genus Viola. ... Viola hirta Categories: Stub ... Viola odorata Categories: Plant stubs | Plants ... Binomial name Viola pedunculata Torr. ... Binomial name Viola riviniana Viola riviniana is a species of the genus Viola. ... Binomial name Viola persicifolia Schreber Fen violet Viola persicifolia (syn. ... Binomial name Viola tricolor L. The Heartsease, Viola triocolor is a common European wild flower, growing as an annual or short-lived perennial. ... Species Saintpaulia brevipilosa Saintpaulia confusa Saintpaulia dificilis Saintpaulia diplotricha Saintpaulia goetzeana Saintpaulia grandifolia Saintpaulia groetii Saintpaulia inconspicua Saintpaulia intermedia Saintpaulia ionantha Saintpaulia magungensis Saintpaulia nitida Saintpaulia orbicularis Saintpaulia pendula Saintpaulia pusilla Saintpaulia rupicola Saintpaulia shumensis Saintpaulia teitensis Saintpaulia tongwensis Saintpaulia velutina Saintpaulia is a genus of 20 species of herbaceous...

The genus includes the dog violets, a group of scentless species which are the commonest violets in many areas, the Sweet Violet Viola odorata (named from its sweet scent), and many other species whose common name includes the word "violet". Several species are known as pansies, including the Yellow Pansy of the Pacific coasts. Dog violet is the common name for various species of Viola with unscented flowers, including the common dog violet (Viola riviniana), the early dog violet (Viola richenbachiana), and the heath dog violet (Viola canina). ... Binomial name Viola odorata Sweet Violet (Viola odorata) is a species of the genus Viola native to Europe and Asia, but has also been introduced in North America. ... Binomial name Viola pedunculata Torr. ... For other meanings of Pacific, see Pacific (disambiguation). ...

The Common Blue Violet Viola sororia is the state flower of Rhode Island, Illinois, and New Jersey. This is a list of U.S. state flowers: External links Juelies State Flower Garden of Gifs List of state flowers See also List of U.S. state trees Lists of U.S. state insignia Categories: ‪Lists of flowers‬ | ‪United States state insignia‬ ... State nickname: The Ocean State, Little Rhody Official languages None Capital Providence Largest city Providence Governor Donald Carcieri (R) Senators Jack Reed (D) Lincoln Chafee (R) Area  - Total  - % water Ranked 50th 4,005 km² 32. ... State nickname: Land of Lincoln, The Prairie State Official languages English Capital Springfield Largest city Chicago Governor Rod Blagojevich (D) Senators Richard Durbin (D) Barack Obama (D) Area  - Total  - % water Ranked 25th 149,998 km² 4. ... State nickname: The Garden State Official languages None defined, English de facto Capital Trenton Largest city Newark Governor Richard Codey (D) Acting, Outgoing Jon Corzine (D) (Governor-Elect) Senators Jon Corzine (D) (Outgoing) Bob Menendez (D) (named as Corzines replacement) Frank Lautenberg (D) Area  - Total  - % water Ranked 47th 22...

Australia is home to a number of violets, including Viola hederacea and Viola banksii, first collected by Joseph Banks and Daniel Solander on the Cook voyage to Botany Bay. Image:Http://www. ... Daniel Carlsson Solander (February 19, 1733 – May 16, 1782) was a Swedish botanist. ... This article refers to the British navigator and cartographer. ... Bicentennial Monument at Botany Bay Botany Bay is a bay in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, a few kilometres south of the central business district. ...

The modern Garden Pansy (V. × wittrockiana) is a plant of complex hybrid origin involving at least three species, V. tricolor (Wild Pansy or Heart's-ease), V. altaica and V. lutea (Mountain Pansy). Trinomial name Viola tricolor hortensis Hybrids Viola × wittrockiana The Pansy or Pansy Violet is a cultivated garden flower. ... In biology, hybrid has three meanings. ... Binomial name Viola tricolor L. The Heartsease (Viola tricolor) is a common European wild flower, growing as an annual or short-lived perennial. ...

Violets are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including Giant Leopard Moth, Large Yellow Underwing, Lesser Broad-bordered Yellow Underwing and Setaceous Hebrew Character. A larva (Latin; plural larvae) is a juvenile form of animal with indirect development, undergoing metamorphosis (for example, insects or amphibians). ... Super Families Butterflies Hesperioidea Papilionoidea Moths Micropterigoidea Heterobathmioidea Eriocranioidea Acanthopteroctetoidea Lophocoronoidea Neopseustoidea Mnesarchaeoidea Hepialoidea Nepticuloidea Incurvarioidea Palaephatoidea Tischeriodea Simaethistoidea Tineoidea Gracillarioidea Yponomeutoidea Gelechioidea Zygaenoidea Sesioidea Cossoidea Tortricoidea Choreutoida Urodoidea Galacticoidea Schreckensteinioidea Epermenioidea Pterophoroidea Aluctoidea Immoidea Axioidea Hyblaeoidea Thyridoidea Whalleyanoidea Pyraloidea Mimallonoidea Lasiocampoidea Geometroidea Drepanoidea Bombycoidea Calliduloidae Hedyloidea Noctuoidea Families About... Binomial name Ecpantheria scribonia (Stoll, 1790) The Giant Leopard Moth (Ecpantheria scribonia) is a moth of the family Arctiidae. ... Binomial name Noctua pronuba Linnaeus, 1758 The Large Yellow Underwing (Noctua pronuba) is a moth, the type species for the family Noctuidae. ... Binomial name Noctua janthina Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775 The Lesser Broad-bordered Yellow Underwing (Noctua janthina) is a moth of the family Noctuidae. ... Binomial name Xestia c-nigrum Linnaeus, 1758 The Setaceous Hebrew Character (Xestia c-nigrum) is a moth of the family Noctuidae. ...

Use in cuisine

Sweet violet

When newly opened, violet flowers may be used to decorate salads or in stuffings for poultry or fish. Soufflés, cream and similar desserts can be flavoured with essence of violet flowers. The young leaves are edible raw or cooked as a somewhat bland leaf vegetable. Flowers, leaves and roots are also used for medical purposes, being rich in vitamins A and C. another species of violet Released under GPL. File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... another species of violet Released under GPL. File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Binomial name Viola odorata Sweet Violet (Viola odorata) is a species of the genus Viola native to Europe and Asia, but has also been introduced in North America. ... Chinese cabbage Swiss chard Leaf vegetables, also called greens or leafy greens, are plant leaves eaten as a vegetable, sometimes accompanied by tender petioles and shoots. ... A Vitamin is an organic molecule required by a living organism in minute amounts for proper health. ...

A candied violet or crystallized violet is a violet flower preserved by a coating of sugar syrup. Hot syrup is poured over the fresh flower (or the flower is immersed in the syrup), and stirred until the sugar recrystallizes, and is dried. This method is still used for rose petals, was applied for orange flowers in the past (when almonds or orange peel are treated this way they are called as pralines). Candied violets are still made commercially at Toulouse, France, where they are known as violettes de Toulouse. They are used as decorating or included in aromatic desserts. In cooking, a syrup (from Arabic sharab, beverage, via Latin siropus) is a thick, viscous liquid, containing a large amount of dissolved sugars, but showing little tendency to deposit crystals. ... Binomial name Prunus dulcis (Mill. ... Praline is a sweet food made from a mix of nuts and boiled sugar, eaten as a confection or more commonly, an ingredient for other confections. ... The Capitole, the 18th century city hall of Toulouse and best known landmark in the city; in the foreground is the Place du Capitole, a hub of urban life at the very center of the city Toulouse (pronounced in standard French, in local Toulouse accent) (Occitan: Tolosa, pronounced ) is a...

References

• ITIS (Accessed December 2 2002)
• The Oxford Companion to Food, by Alan Davidson, Oxford University Press. ISBN 0192115790
• Larousse Gastronomique, by Prosper Montagne (Ed.), Clarkson Potter, 2001. ISBN 0609609718