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History Vitcos is a ruined palace in Peru, believed to have been built by ruler in exile Manco Inca during the Spanish conquest of Peru. After fleeing first Cusco then Ollantaytambo, the Inca settled in a region known as the Vilcabamba, a heavily forested region that also contains the Inca sites of Machu Picchu and Choquequirao. It is theorized that the city of Vilcabamba¹, having more of a tropical jungle climate, as opposed to the cooler climate of the Andes, was considered inhospitable by the Inca and so the construction of Vitcos was ordered so that Manco and his court could have a refuge that was closer in climate to what they were accustomed to. Another theory holds that Pachacuti, who is recognized to have built Machu Picchu, also built Vitcos as a summer palace. Upon his death it became part of his estate² only to be re-used by Manco during his years in exile for the climate related reasons stated above. There is evidence to support either theory, though most Incatologists prefer the later on the grounds that Vitcos is of very fine construction that would have been unlikely while under the duress of the conquest. Whichever theory may be true, it is known that Vitcos is the site where Manco was murdered by a renegade group of conquistadors attempting to win back favor with the Spanish crown. Unfortunately thier plan was flawed in that attacking the ruling Inca at his own palace left them little hope of escape. As could have been predicted, Manco's royal guard set upon them and made short business of thier executions. The last Inca Emperor was named Manco Inca Yupanqui, also known as Manco Capac II. Born in 1516, he was one of the sons of Huayna Capac, and was crowned after the death of his brother Tupac Huallpa in 1534 by Francisco Pizarro, the Spanish conquistador. ...
This article is the city in Peru. ...
Ollantaytambo terraces Ollantaytambo is a town in southern Peru, located in the district of Ollantaytambo, province of Urubamba, Cusco region. ...
For other meanings of Inca, see Inca (disambiguation). ...
Vilcabamba a city founded by Manco Inca in 1539 and was the last refuge of the Inca Empire until it fell to the Spaniards in 1572, signalling the end of Inca resistance to Spanish rule. ...
Machu Picchu (Quechua: Machu Pikchu Old Peak) is a pre-Columbian Inca city located at 2,430 m (7,970 ft) altitude[1] on a mountain ridge above the Urubamba Valley in Peru, about 70 km (44 mi) northwest of Cusco. ...
View of Choquequirao Choquequirao (Quechua: Choqekiraw) is a partly excavated ruined city of the Inca in the south of Peru. ...
This article is about the mountain system in South America. ...
Pachacuti as drawn by Guaman Poma Pachacuti Inca Yupanqui (or Pachacutec; Quechua Pachakutiq, literally world-turner, i. ...
Layout Vitcos stands on the northern side of the hill between the modern villages of Huancacalle and Pucyara, and is the principal portion of a complex that covers the entire hill and portions of the valleys to the south and east. South of the hill is Chuquipalta, a giant carved stone said to have been an Inca Oracle, and a series of terraces that stretch along the eastern side of the hill within the valley, which are believed to have been decorative or ceremonial gardens. The palace itself consists of two groups of buildings. The upper group is made up of eight large rooms, arranged in four pairs of two rooms back to back, all joined by a common outer wall. The common wall has doors that lead to passages between the pairs. Each room has three doors to the exterior of the common wall, but no doors to either the room behind it of the passageways between the four pairs. Each pair of rooms had a common roof. To the north of the upper group is a terrace wall, below which is the lower group of buildings. This group is made up of a dozen or more buildings arranged around an open courtyard. The exact number of buildings in this group is unclear, as it is in considerably worse condition than the upper group.
Rediscovery In his 1911 expedition Hiram Bingham III was searching for Vilcabamba. Following descriptions left by various conquistadors, he came upon a site called "Rosaspata" by local villagers. Through the same descriptions that had led him there, he was able to determine that he was in fact at the palace of Vitcos and Oracle of Chuquipalta. After cursory mapping of both sites he continued on in search of the last city of the Inca. Knowing roughly where in relation to Vitcos he might find Vilcabamba, he continued on what he believed was, and actually was, the road to his goal. However, at this point it can be said that this expedition was ill-fated in that while he did in fact find Vilcabamba he believed it to be far less extensive than it actually was, and after describing one small sector and naming it "Eromboni Pampa" he abandoned efforts and continued his search based on rumors of another site that was far more extensive and spectacular. This rumored site was Machu Picchu, and while it lay entirely in the wrong direction from Vitcos, he announced it as being Vilcabamba. His later expeditions all returned to Machu Picchu, and left Vicabamba and Vitcos neglected and forgotten. In the 1980's Vincent Lee's work in the The Vilcabamba led to his finding and description of more than thirty buildings and engineered structures on the eastern flank of the hill between Vitcos and Chuquipalta. Amongst these are kalankas -meeting houses, several colca -storehouses, and a large usnu -obsevation platform, as well as terraces and built-up trails. Hiram Bingham, formally Hiram Bingham III, (19 November 1875 – 6 June 1956) was an American academic, explorer and politician. ...
Footnotes ¹Vilcabamba refers to both the geographical region bordered on the south and west by the River Apurimac, the north by the Rivers Cumpirosiato and Urubamba, and the east by the River Vilcanota, and the Inca city that lies in the northwestern qudrant of this region. To further confuse the matter, there is also a contemporary village near Huancacalle that is named Vilcabamba. ²When a ruling Inca died, all things that belonged to him were kept as an estate that often included everything the Inca had ever touched and had ordered built.
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