The Volvo 850 was a midsize luxury car, that would also be considered a midsize executive car, produced by the Swedish automaker Volvo Cars from 1992 to 1997 (1993-1997 in the U.S. market.) Available in sedan and station wagon body styles, the Volvo 850 is notable as the first front-wheel drive vehicle from this Swedish manufacturer to be exported to North America. It is often considered the vehicle that gave Volvo its reputation as a high-end auto maker in North America due to the level of features not offered in previous models. At the time of its development, the 850 was regarded as one of the largest engineering endeavours in Sweden. Image File history File links Volvo-850. ... Automakers, also known as carmakers, automobile manufacturers, motor manufacturers, or the automobile industry are companies that design and manufacture automobiles. ... Volvo Cars, or Volvo Personvagnar, is a well-known Swedish automobile maker founded in 1927 in the city of Gothenburg in Sweden. ... European-market 1977 Volvo 244 GL with aftermarket wheel covers Volvo 245 with North American-market 1976-1980 quad round sealed beam headlamp configuration US Volvo 240 GLE sedan with North American-market 1980-1985 quad rectangular sealed beam headlamp configuration Pre-facelift Volvo 200 series coupe US Volvo 240DL... The Volvo 700 and 900 series are two ranges of mid-size luxury cars / executive cars produced by Swedish automaker Volvo Cars in the 1980s and 1990s. ... The Volvo S70 and V70 is a compact executive car / mid-size luxury car produced by the Swedish automaker Volvo Cars from 1997 to 2000. ... Car classification is subjective since many vehicles fall into multiple categories. ... A mid-size car, frequently referred to as an intermediate, is an automobile with a size between that of a compact and a full-size or standard-size car. ... Cars can come in a large variety of different body styles. ... A notchback full-size luxury sedan. ... Estate car body style (Saab 95) A station wagon (United States usage), wagon (Australian usage, though station wagon is widely used) or estate car (United Kingdom usage) is a car body style similar to a sedan car but with an extended rear cargo area. ... In automobile design layout is the place where both the engine and driven wheels are. ... In automobile design, an FF, or Front-engine, Front wheel drive, layout places both the engine and driven wheels at the front of the vehicle. ... Volvo Cars, or Volvo Personvagnar, is a well-known Swedish automobile maker founded in 1927 in the city of Gothenburg in Sweden. ... A luxury car is a relatively expensive car. ... Automakers, also known as carmakers, automobile manufacturers, motor manufacturers, or the automobile industry are companies that design and manufacture automobiles. ... Volvo Cars, or Volvo Personvagnar, is a well-known Swedish automobile maker founded in 1927 in the city of Gothenburg in Sweden. ... A notchback full-size luxury sedan. ... Estate car body style (Saab 95) A station wagon (United States usage), wagon (Australian usage, though station wagon is widely used) or estate car (United Kingdom usage) is a car body style similar to a sedan car but with an extended rear cargo area. ... Front-wheel drive is the most common form of engine/transmission layout used in modern passenger cars, where the engine drives the front wheels. ... North America North America is a continent[1] in the Earths northern hemisphere and (chiefly) western hemisphere. ...

Overview

The Volvo 850 was introduced worldwide as a 1992 model, except for the U.S. where it arrived in the 1993 model year. It was sold as a sedan, with a wagon model on sale from 1994. The 850 was the first model in the U.S. to feature front-wheel drive and an all-aluminum 20-valve five-cylinder engine. The 850 was Volvo's top-seller in the mid-1990s. In markets outside the U.S. a 10-valve variant of the five-cylinder was popular for its lower cost and better fuel economy. Motto: (Out Of Many, One) (traditional) In God We Trust (1956 to date) Anthem: The Star-Spangled Banner Capital Washington D.C. Largest city New York City None at federal level (English de facto) Government Federal constitutional republic  - President George Walker Bush (R)  - Vice President Dick Cheney (R) Independence from... This article is about the type of car. ... Estate car body style (Saab 95) A station wagon (United States usage), wagon (Australian usage, though station wagon is widely used) or estate car (United Kingdom usage) is a car body style similar to a sedan car but with an extended rear cargo area. ... Front-wheel drive is the most common form of engine/transmission layout used in modern passenger cars, where the engine drives the front wheels. ... In automotive engineering, an engine is referred to as multi-valve (or multivalve) when each cylinder has more than two valves. ... The Volvo B5252S is an example of a straight-5 engine. ... In automotive engineering, an engine is referred to as multi-valve (or multivalve) when each cylinder has more than two valves. ...

All U.S. 850s received standard equipment such as dual front airbags, antilock brakes, head restraints and three-point seat belts for all passengers, power windows, door locks, and mirrors, cruise control, and dual zone climate control. Side torso airbags became a world first when introduced as an option for 1995. Some other options during the model run included features such as traction control, leather interior, power glass moonroof, power seats, heated seats, remote keyless entry, automatic climate control, and automatic transmission. For the Mozilla crash reporting software previously called Airbag, see Breakpad. ... An anti-lock braking system (commonly known as ABS, from the German name Antiblockiersystem given to it by its inventors at Bosch) is a system on motor vehicles which prevents the wheels from locking while braking. ... Cruise control (sometimes known as speed control or Autocruise) is a system to automatically control the speed of an automobile. ... Traction control systems, on current production vehicles, are typically (but not necessarily) electro-hydraulic systems designed to prevent loss of traction (and therefore the control of the vehicle) when excessive throttle or steering is applied by the driver. ... A sunroof is a cutout in a cars (or trucks) roof that can be opened to provide fresh air and sun to the people inside. ... The automatic gear selector in a Ford Five Hundred vehicle An automatic transmission is an automobile gearbox that can change gear ratios automatically as the vehicle moves, thus freeing the driver from having to shift gears manually (similar but larger devices are also used for railroad locomotives). ...

The 850 sedan featured a remarkable interior space of 2.80 m³ (99 cubic ft). This is slightly more than the 2.78 m³ (98 cubic ft) of the 2004 Mercedes-Benz E-Class even though the car is reasonably compact on the outside. This space was achieved by mounting the in-line 5-cylinder engine transversely (from the left to the right of the car) under the hood. The road-holding and handling were also vastly improved over the previous rear-wheel drive Volvos. Mercedes E280 CDI Mercedes E280 CDI The Mercedes-Benz E-Class is a mid-sized luxury automobile sold by the Mercedes-Benz branch of DaimlerChrysler. ... Rear-wheel drive (or RWD for short) is an engine/transmission layout used in automobiles. ...

The 850 Turbo Wagon was one of the fastest production station wagons in the world, capable of 250+ km/h (160+ mph) when ungoverned. Production models of the wagon and sedan were electronically governed to approximately 142 mph. http://www.lacar.com/lenfrank/volvo's.htm

In 1998, the model line was updated, and renamed the Volvo S70 (sedan) and Volvo V70 (station wagon). These vehicles were sold in the U.S. through the 2000 model year when they were replaced by the 2001 Volvo S60 and Volvo V70. The Volvo S70 and V70 is a compact executive car / mid-size luxury car produced by the Swedish automaker Volvo Cars from 1997 to 2000. ... A notchback full-size luxury sedan. ... The Volvo V70 is a mid-size station wagon. ... Estate car body style (Saab 95) A station wagon (United States usage), wagon (Australian usage, though station wagon is widely used) or estate car (United Kingdom usage) is a car body style similar to a sedan car but with an extended rear cargo area. ... The Volvo S60 sedan was one the most remarkable vehicles built by the Swedish brand. ... The Volvo V70 is a mid-size station wagon. ...

Rear suspension

For the 850, Volvo created what it called "Delta-link semi-independent rear suspension". Volvo held a U.S. patent for rear axle bushings that compress under load, giving the Volvo 850 passive rear steering. The car also had a tight turning circle, 10.2 m (33.5 ft), and was considered very maneuverable. By comparison, later large Volvos had a 11.9 m (39 ft) turning circle. This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Steering is the term applied to the collection of components, linkages, etc. ...

Motorsport

Legendary Australian race driver Peter Brock drove a Volvo 850 touring car in a one-off Bathurst 12-hour endurance event in 1994, and drove the car in the 1996 Australian Super Touring Championship. Volvo joined forces with the famous and very successful Tom Walkinshaw Racing team (TWR) in 1994 to build an 850 Estate touring car to compete in the British Touring Car Championship (BTCC). Despite much criticism, the 850 Estate performed well, with a best placed finish of fifth, and a best qualifying spot of 3rd. It was driven by Rickard Rydell and Jan Lammers and Volvo finished sixth in manufacturers standings in he 1994 season. In 1995, TWR and Volvo built the 850R Saloon BTCC Racer and this won five races, qualified on pole position 13 times with Rickard Rydell and Tim Harvey and finished third in the championship. The switch was due in main to the change in BTCC regulations which allowed aerodynamic aids (spoilers) which effectiviely ended any chance of the Estate being fully competetive. In 1996, an improved 850R saloon raced which boasted eight wins with Rickard Rydell and Kelvin Burt and finished third in the championship. Volvo were also prevalent with the 850 in championships across Europe and in Australia. Tom Walkinshaw Racing, also known simply as TWR, was a racing team founded in 1976 by touring car racer Tom Walkinshaw. ... The current BTCC logo The British Touring Car Championship is a series of races for saloon cars which is held each year in the United Kingdom and Ireland. ... Rickard Rydell (born 22 September 1967) is a Swedish racing driver. ... Jan Lammers, (born June 2, 1956) in Zandvoort, is a former Formula One driver from the Netherlands. ... Tim Harvey (born November 20, 1961 in Farnborough, London) is a racing driver from England. ... Kelvin Burt is a British auto racing driver, born in Birmingham but now living in Tamworth. ...

R models

In 1994 a special limited edition race-bred model was released. This "850 T-5R" model was limited in exterior paint color choices: Only available in black (2500 worldwide including sedan and station wagon), cream yellow (2500 worldwide including sedan and station wagon) and green (500 worldwide including sedan and station wagon) models are known to exist. Only 185 of the cream yellow models were made for the U.S. market. The vehicle was based upon the 850 Turbo with the B5234T5 engine with a special ECU known as the Bosch #628 ECU, that added 3 psi (21 kPa) pressure in the turbo, giving the engine 18 horsepower (13 kW) more for 15 seconds. For Italian market T5-R was based on 2,0 litre 850 Turbo. The transmission was the standard AW/50-42 used in all U.S. 850's, the M56H was available in other countries.

Also, included in the "R" package was a front bumper with a lip, and special "alcantara" (a suede-like material) and leather two-tone interior, in tan or dark gray with either deep birch or light rosewood wood grain accents. The standard wheels were the 5-spoke 17×7 "Titan".

In 1996 and continued through 1997 (the final year of the 850) a separate R model was released called the "850 R", this model was not limited in production as the "T-5R" was. Red, black, white, green, metallic aqua blue and gun metal grey were the only color choices. Also, a new rear spoiler was introduced, and the interior was still two-tone but, the layout changed — in 1995 the leather was in the center of the seats — now it was on the outside bolster portion. The standard wheels used in these model years were the 17×7 "Volans".

Trims (U.S.)

All manufacturer's suggested retail prices (MSRPs) are base prices only.

1993:

• 850 GLT ($24,800 MSRP): 2.4 L I5, 168 hp (125 kW) @ 6300 rpm and 162 ft·lbf (220 N·m) @ 4500 rpm

All 1993 850 models were badged GLT, regardless of equipment. Many options (leather, sunroof, and more) were bundled into the Touring package. The Volvo B5252S is an example of a straight-5 engine. ... hp, see HP (disambiguation) The horsepower (hp) is the name of several non-metric units of power. ... The watt (symbol: W) is the SI derived unit of power, equal to one joule per second. ... Torque applied via an adjustable end wrench Relationship between force, torque, and momentum vectors in a rotating system In physics, torque (or often called a moment) can informally be thought of as rotational force or angular force which causes a change in rotational motion. ... Newton metre is the unit of moment (torque) in the SI system. ...

1994:

• 850 ($24,300 MSRP): 2.4 L I5, 168 hp (125 kW) @ 6300 rpm and 162 ft·lbf (220 N·m) @ 4500 rpm
• 850 Turbo ($29,985 MSRP): 2.3 L I5, 222 hp (166 kW) @ 5200 rpm and 221 ft·lbf (300 N·m) @ 2100 rpm

The base 850 sedan includes the same headlights, front valance and front and rear bumper as the 1993 850, while all other models, including the new wagon, get revised headlights, front valances, and front and rear bumpers. The GLT badge is dropped, although all the same equipment is available. The 222 hp Turbo sedan and wagon, as well as the normally aspirated 168 hp wagon, are new models this year. Air foil bearing-supported turbocharger cutaway made by Mohawk Innovative Technology Inc. ...

1995:

• 850 ($24,580 MSRP): 2.4 L I5, 168 hp (125 kW) @ 6300 rpm and 162 ft·lbf (220 N·m) @ 4500 rpm
• 850 GLT ($27,110 MSRP): 2.4 L I5, 168 hp (125 kW) @ 6300 rpm and 162 ft·lbf (220 N·m) @ 4500 rpm
• 850 Turbo ($31,045 MSRP): 2.3 L I5, 222 hp (166 kW) @ 5200 rpm and 221 ft·lbf (300 N·m) @ 2100 rpm
• 850 T 5R ($35,545 MSRP): 2.3 L I5, 240 hp (179 kW) @ 5600 rpm and 221 ft·lbf (300 N·m) @ 2100 rpm

The GLT badge returned for the 1995 model year, so there were now sedan and wagon versions of the 850, 850 GLT, 850 Turbo, and 850 T-5R. The T-5R was the new high performance model, with more power stemming from ECU tuning, and special suspension, trim and wheels. In addition to the introduction of the T-5R, changes included new tail-lights for sedans, optional side airbags, new interior switch-gear design and several other detail changes.

1996:

• 850 ($26,125 MSRP): 2.4 L I5, 168 hp (125 kW) @ 6300 rpm and 162 ft·lbf (220 N·m) @ 4700 rpm
• 850 GLT ($29,200 MSRP): 2.4 L I5, 168 hp (125 kW) @ 6300 rpm and 162 ft·lbf (220 N·m) @ 4500 rpm
• 850 Turbo ($32,650 MSRP): 2.3 L I5, 222 hp (166 kW) @ 5200 rpm and 221 ft·lbf (300 N·m) @ 2100 rpm
• 850 R ($37,925 MSRP): 2.3 L I5, 240 hp (179 kW) @ 5600 rpm and 221 ft·lbf (300 N·m) @ 2100 rpm

Changes this year include a revised power door lock system, new exterior colors, and full OBD-II compliance. The T5-R high performance version became the R in 1996, but the performance differences remained relatively the same. OBD-II (OnBoard Diagnostics version 2) is a common hardware diagnostics interface that is present on all cars sold in the United States after 1996. ...

1997 Volvo 850 in Sweden

1997: Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (2209x1244, 510 KB) Cropped version of Image:Aktuelltvolvo 2000. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (2209x1244, 510 KB) Cropped version of Image:Aktuelltvolvo 2000. ...

• 850 ($26,710 MSRP): 2.4 L I5, 168 hp (125 kW) @ 6300 rpm and 162 ft·lbf (220 N·m) @ 4500 rpm
• 850 GLT ($31,835 MSRP): 2.4 L I5, 190 hp (142 kW) @ 5100 rpm and 199 ft·lbf (270 N·m) at 1600 rpm
• 850 T-5 ($34,500 MSRP): 2.3 L I5, 222 hp (166 kW) @ 5200 rpm and 221 ft·lbf (300 N·m) @ 2100 rpm
• 850 R ($38,685 MSRP): 2.3 L I5, 240 hp (179 kW) @ 5600 rpm and 221 ft·lbf (300 N·m) @ 2100 rpm

For 1997, the 850's final year, all GLT models were increased to 190 hp (142 kW) by pairing a low-pressure turbocharger with the 2.4 L engine. The 850 Turbo model was thence called the 850 T-5, as it always had been in the UK. The 1997 model year was short, as the substantially similar (virtually identical except for superficial styling changes) Volvo S70 sedan and Volvo V70 wagon were introduced during the first half of 1997. The Volvo S70 and V70 is a compact executive car / mid-size luxury car produced by the Swedish automaker Volvo Cars from 1997 to 2000. ... The Volvo V70 is a mid-size station wagon. ...

Quick Info

Creative Commons mark The lowercase variant cc can refer to: C compiler, a compiler that translates the C programming language into a machine-readable instruction set on UNIX based operating systems, such as Linux or FreeBSD. compiler-compiler, aka parser generator, also on UNIX based operating systems carbon copy, in... i5 was a US American based girl group. ... Creative Commons mark The lowercase variant cc can refer to: C compiler, a compiler that translates the C programming language into a machine-readable instruction set on UNIX based operating systems, such as Linux or FreeBSD. compiler-compiler, aka parser generator, also on UNIX based operating systems carbon copy, in... i5 was a US American based girl group. ... Creative Commons mark The lowercase variant cc can refer to: C compiler, a compiler that translates the C programming language into a machine-readable instruction set on UNIX based operating systems, such as Linux or FreeBSD. compiler-compiler, aka parser generator, also on UNIX based operating systems carbon copy, in... i5 was a US American based girl group. ... Air foil bearing-supported turbocharger cutaway made by Mohawk Innovative Technology Inc. ... Creative Commons mark The lowercase variant cc can refer to: C compiler, a compiler that translates the C programming language into a machine-readable instruction set on UNIX based operating systems, such as Linux or FreeBSD. compiler-compiler, aka parser generator, also on UNIX based operating systems carbon copy, in... i5 was a US American based girl group. ... Creative Commons mark The lowercase variant cc can refer to: C compiler, a compiler that translates the C programming language into a machine-readable instruction set on UNIX based operating systems, such as Linux or FreeBSD. compiler-compiler, aka parser generator, also on UNIX based operating systems carbon copy, in... i5 was a US American based girl group. ... Creative Commons mark The lowercase variant cc can refer to: C compiler, a compiler that translates the C programming language into a machine-readable instruction set on UNIX based operating systems, such as Linux or FreeBSD. compiler-compiler, aka parser generator, also on UNIX based operating systems carbon copy, in... i5 was a US American based girl group. ... Air foil bearing-supported turbocharger cutaway made by Mohawk Innovative Technology Inc. ... Creative Commons mark The lowercase variant cc can refer to: C compiler, a compiler that translates the C programming language into a machine-readable instruction set on UNIX based operating systems, such as Linux or FreeBSD. compiler-compiler, aka parser generator, also on UNIX based operating systems carbon copy, in... i5 was a US American based girl group. ... Air foil bearing-supported turbocharger cutaway made by Mohawk Innovative Technology Inc. ... Creative Commons mark The lowercase variant cc can refer to: C compiler, a compiler that translates the C programming language into a machine-readable instruction set on UNIX based operating systems, such as Linux or FreeBSD. compiler-compiler, aka parser generator, also on UNIX based operating systems carbon copy, in... i5 was a US American based girl group. ... Air foil bearing-supported turbocharger cutaway made by Mohawk Innovative Technology Inc. ...

References

• Ford Communications Network, "The Spiritual Predictor of Volvo Today", Ford Motor Company, Brad Nevin, Michigan, 29 April 2005

is the 119th day of the year (120th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

External links

• Volvo Cars (U.S.) Site
• Volvo Technical Website
• The Brickboard (A Volvo Owners Resource) Site
• Volvospeed (A Volvo Enthusiasts Site)
• Turbobricks (A Volvo Enthusiasts Site)
• Matthew's Volvo Site (A Volvo Owners Resource)
• Volvo Owners Club The UK Volvo Owners Club Website Site
• forums.t5d5.org High Performance Volvo Club - United Kingdom Online Community