NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Voskhod spacecraft

**Voskhod**

Assembly of a Voskhod capsule.
Type:	Space capsule
Manufacturer:	Korolev
Designed by:	Sergei Korolev
Maiden flight:	1964
Introduced:	1964
Retired:	1965
Status:	Last 4 flights cancelled
Primary users:	Soviet space program {{{more users}}}
Produced:
Built:	4+
Unit cost:
Variants:	Vostok spacecraft

The Voskhod (Восход, Voschod, or Wosschod, translated as "Rising") was a spacecraft built by the Soviet Union's space program for human spaceflight (see Voskhod programme). It was a development of and a follow-on to the Vostok spacecraft. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (443x800, 108 KB) Woschod Raumkapsel, eigener Scan, File links The following pages link to this file: Voskhod spacecraft ... Image:Vostok Raumkapsel in der Endmontage. ... An aerospace manufacturer is a company or individual involved in the various aspects of designing, building, testing, selling, and maintaining aircraft, aircraft parts, missiles, rockets, and/or spacecraft. ... S.P. Korolev Rocket and Space Corporation Energia (also known as RKK Energiya) is a Russian manufacturer of spacecraft and space station components. ... Sergei Pavlovich Korolev (Ð¡ÐµÑ€Ð³ÐµÌÐ¹ ÐŸÐ°ÌÐ²Ð»Ð¾Ð²Ð¸Ñ‡ ÐšÐ¾Ñ€Ð¾Ð»Ñ‘Ð²) (December 30, 1906â€“ January 14, 1966) was the head Soviet rocket engineer and designer during the space race, known only as the chief designer during his lifetime. ... The Maiden flight of an aircraft is the first occasion on which an aircraft leaves the ground of its own accord. ... 1964 (MCMLXIV) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1964 calendar). ... 1964 (MCMLXIV) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1964 calendar). ... 1965 (MCMLXV) was a common year starting on Friday (the link is to a full 1965 calendar). ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... The Vostok (Ð’Ð¾ÑÑ‚Ð¾Ðº, translated as East) was a type of spacecraft built by the Soviet Unions space program for human spaceflight. ... A spacecraft is a vehicle, vessel, craft or device designed to operate beyond the surface of the Earth in outer space. ... Edward White on a spacewalk during the Gemini 4 mission Human spaceflight is spaceflight with a human crew and possibly passengers, which is in contrast to robotic space probes or remotely-controlled unmanned space missions. ... Voskhod 1 The Voskhod programme (Russian: , translated as Sunrise) was a Soviet human spaceflight project. ... The Vostok (Ð’Ð¾ÑÑ‚Ð¾Ðº, translated as East) was a type of spacecraft built by the Soviet Unions space program for human spaceflight. ...

The craft consisted of a spherical descent module (diameter 2.3 meters), which housed the cosmonauts, and instruments, and a conical instrument module (mass 2.27 tonnes, 2.25 m long, 2.43 m wide), which contained propellant and the engine system. Template:Redirect Template:Redirect U.S. Space Shuttle astronaut Bruce McCandless II using a manned maneuvering unit (MMU) outside the Challenger in 1984. ...

The Voskhod spacecraft is basically a Vostok spacecraft that has had a backup, solid fuel retro rocket, added to the top of the descent module. The ejection seat was removed and two or three crew couches were added to the interior at a 90 degree angle to that of the Vostok crew position. In the case of Voskhod 2, an inflatable exterior airlock was also added to the descent module opposite the entry hatch. After use, the airlock was jettisoned. There was no provision for crew escape in the event of a launch or landing emergency. A solid fuel braking rocket was also added to the parachute lines to provide for a softer landing at touchdown. This was necessary because, unlike the Vostok, the crew lands with the Voskhod descent module. A retrorocket is a rocket engine used for providing thrust to oppose the motion of a space vehicle, thereby causing deceleration of the vehicle. ...

In order to create more space inside the descent module, the cosmonaut's ejection seat was removed, meaning that the Voskhod crews would return to Earth inside their spacecraft, unlike the Vostok cosmonauts who ejected and parachuted down separately. The lack of space also meant that the Voskhod 1 crew did not wear space suits. Both crew members wore spacesuits on the Voshkod 2 mission, as it involved an EVA and using an airlock. The second crew member wore a spacesuit as a precaution against the possibility of accidental descent module depressurization. Because the crew was required to land with the descent module, a new landing system to slow the craft was developed. This added a small solid-fuel rocket to the parachutes lines. It fired as the descent module neared touchdown, providing a softer landing than did Vostok. A backup solid fuel retro rocket was added to the top of the descent module. The original Vostok spacecraft only had one liquid fuel retro rocket and no provision for back up. The Vostok did carry enough onboard supplies for a 10-day flight. This would allow for natural orbit decay and reentry if the retro rocket failed. Finally, the Voskhod 2 spacecraft carried a large inflatable airlock that allowed cosmonaut Aleksei Leonov to exit and re-enter the craft. Apollo 15 space suit A spacesuit is a complex system of garments, equipment, and environmental systems designed to keep a person alive and comfortable in the harsh environment of outer space. ... Å½ General Aleksei Arkhipovich Leonov, Soviet Air Force (Ret. ...

The airlock carried on Voskhod 2 weighed 250 kg, was 700 mm in diameter, 770 mm high when collapsed for launch. When extended in orbit, the airlock was 2.5 m long. It had an internal diameter of 1.0 m and an external diameter of 1.2 m. Image File history File links Voskhod_spacecraft_diagram. ...

It was carried into orbit by the Voskhod rocket, also developed from the earlier Vostok rocket and ultimately derived from the R-7 ICBM. The Voskhod rocket (Russian: Восход, translated as Sunrise) was a derivative of the Soviet R-7 ICBM designed for the human spaceflight programme but later used for launching Zenit reconnaissance satellites. ... The Vostok rocket (Russian Ð’Ð¾ÑÑ‚Ð¾Ðº, translated as East) was a derivative of the Soviet R-7 ICBM designed for the human spaceflight programme but later used for other satellite launches. ... R-7 with Sputnik 2 The R-7 (Semyorka) was the worlds first ICBM and was deployed by the Soviet Union. ... A Minuteman III missile soars after a test launch. ...

Voskod 3KD (Voskhod 2) spacecraft specifications

Reentry Module: Voskhod SA. Also known as: Spuskaemiy apparat - 'Sharik' (sphere).

Crew Size: 2
Length: 2.3 m
Diameter: 2.3 m
Mass: 2,900 kg
Heat Shield Mass: 837 kg
Recovery equipment: 151 kg
Parachute deploys at 2.5 km altitude
Crew lands in spacecraft. Touchdown rocket softens landing.
Ballistic reentry acceleration: 8 g (78 m/s²)

Equipment Module: Voskhod PA. Also known as: Priborniy otsek.

Length: 2.25 m
Diameter: 2.43 m
Mass: 2,300 kg
Equipment in pressurized compartment
RCS Propellants: Cold gas (nitrogen)
RCS Propellants: 20 kg
Main Engine (TDU): 397 kg
Main Engine Thrust: 15.83 kN
Main Engine Propellants: Nitrous oxide/amine
Main Engine Propellant Mass: 275 kg
Main Engine Isp: 266 s (2.61 kN·s/kg)
Main Engine Burn Time: 1 minute (typical retro burn = 42 seconds)
Spacecraft delta v: 155 m/s
Electrical System: Batteries
Electric System: 0.20 average kW
Electric System: 24.0 kW h

Auxiliary Retrorocket Module: Voskhod KDU. Also known as: Engine unit

Length: 0.60 m
Diameter: 0.25 m
Mass: 143 kg
Engine Thrust: 118 kN
Engine Propellants: Solid
Propellant Mass: 87 kg
Engine Isp: 224 s (2.20 kN·s/kg)
Spacecraft delta v: 60 m/s

Total Mass:5,682 kg
Total Length: 5.0 m
Endurance: Supplies for 14 days in orbit
Launch Vehicle: Voskhod 11A57
Typical orbit: 163 km x 591 km, 64.8 inclinaton

Voskod 3KD (Voskhod 2) spacecraft specifications GA_googleFillSlot("encyclopedia_square");

See also

Voskod 3KD (Voskhod 2) spacecraft specifications