NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Vulcan (mythology)

In Roman religion, Vulcan is the god of beneficial and hindering fire,^[1] including the fire of volcanoes. He is also called Mulciber ("softener") in Roman mythology and Sethlans in Etruscan mythology. He was worshipped at an annual festival on August 23 known as the Vulcanalia. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1041x800, 203 KB) Diego Velasquez, The Forge of Vulcan (1630) Oil on canvas, 223 x 290 cm (87 3/4 x 114 1/8 in), Museo del Prado, Madrid File links The following pages link to this file: Roman mythology ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1041x800, 203 KB) Diego Velasquez, The Forge of Vulcan (1630) Oil on canvas, 223 x 290 cm (87 3/4 x 114 1/8 in), Museo del Prado, Madrid File links The following pages link to this file: Roman mythology ... Las Meninas, painted in 1656. ... Religion in ancient Rome combined several different cult practices and embraced more than a single set of beliefs. ... For other uses, see Volcano (disambiguation). ... A head of Minerva found in the ruins of the Roman baths in Bath Roman mythology, the mythological beliefs of the people of Ancient Rome, can be considered as having two parts. ... The Etruscans were a race of unknown origin from North Italy who were eventually integrated into Rome. ... is the 235th day of the year (236th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

Worship

Vulcan's oldest shrine in Rome, called the "Volcanal", was situated in the Forum Romanum, and dated back to the archaic Roman Kingdom.^[2]^[3] It was the view of the Etruscan haruspices that a temple of Vulcan should be located outside the city,^[4] and the Volcanal may originally have been on or outside the city limits before they expanded to include the Capitoline Hill.^[1] Vulcan also had a temple on the Campus Martius, which was in existence by 214 BC.^[1]^[5] is the 235th day of the year (236th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the AC/DC box set, see Bonfire (album) For the German band called Bonfire, see Bonfire (band) A bonfire (commonly mispronounced bombfire) is a large controlled outdoor fire made from bales of straw or wood. ... The Roman Forum (Forum Romanum) was a central area of ancient Rome in which commerce, business, trading and the administration of justice took place. ... The ancient quarters of Rome. ... Extent of Etruscan civilization and the twelve Etruscan League cities. ... The bronze sheeps liver of Piacenza, with Etruscan inscriptions In Roman practice inherited from the Etruscans, a haruspex (plural haruspices) was a man trained to practice a form of divination called haruspicy, hepatoscopy or hepatomancy. ... The Capitoline Hill (Capitolinus Mons), between the Forum and the Campus Martius, is one of the most famous and smallest of the seven hills of Rome. ... The Campus Martius, or Field of Mars, was a publicly owned area of ancient Rome about 2 km² (600 acres) in extent. ...

The Romans identified Vulcan with the Greek smith-god Hephaestus, and he became associated like his Greek counterpart with the constructive use of fire in metalworking. A fragment of a Greek pot showing Hephaestus found at the Volcanal has been dated to the 6th century BC, suggesting that the two gods were already associated at this date.^[3] However, Vulcan had a stronger association than Hephaestus with fire's destructive capacity, and a major concern of his worshippers was to encourage the god to avert harmful fires. His festival, the Vulcanalia, was celebrated on August 23 each year, when the summer heat placed crops and granaries most at risk of burning.^[1]^[6] During the festival bonfires were created in honour of the god, into which live fish or small animals were thrown as a sacrifice, to be consumed in the place of humans.^[7] Vulcan was among the gods placated after the Great Fire of Rome in AD 64.^[8] In response to the same fire, Domitian (emperor 81–96) established a new altar to Vulcan on the Quirinal Hill. At the same time a red bull-calf and red boar were added to the sacrifices made on the Vulcanalia, at least in that region of the city.^[9] A smith, or metalsmith, is a person involved in the shaping of metal objects. ... Hephaestus, Greek god of forging, riding a Donkey; Greek drinking cup (skyphos) made in the 5th century BC Hephaestus (IPA pronunciation: or ; Greek HÃªphaistos) was the Greek god whose Roman equivalent was Vulcan; he was the god of technology including, specifically blacksmiths, craftsmen, artisans, sculptors, metals and metallurgy, and... Turned chess pieces Metalworking is the craft and practice of working with metals to create structures or machine parts. ... (2nd millennium BC - 1st millennium BC - 1st millennium) The 6th century BC started on January 1, 600 BC and ended on December 31, 501 BC. // Monument 1, an Olmec colossal head at La Venta The 5th and 6th centuries BC were a time of empires, but more importantly, a time... is the 235th day of the year (236th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the AC/DC box set, see Bonfire (album) For the German band called Bonfire, see Bonfire (band) A bonfire (commonly mispronounced bombfire) is a large controlled outdoor fire made from bales of straw or wood. ... For other uses, see Fish (disambiguation). ... According to Tacitus, the Great Fire of Rome started on the night of 18 July in the year 64, among the shops clustered around the greenhills shoping centre. ... Titus Flavius Domitianus (24 October 51 â€“ 18 September 96), commonly known as Domitian, was a Roman Emperor of the gens Flavia. ... An etching of the Hill, crowned by the mass of the Palazzo del Quirinale, from a series I Sette Colli di Roma antica e moderna published in 1827 by Luigi Rossini (1790 - 1857): his view, from the roof of the palazzo near the Trevi Fountain that now houes the Accademia... For general information about the genus, including other species of cattle, see Bos. ... Binomial name Linnaeus, 1758 The wild boar (Sus scrofa) is the wild ancestor of the domestic pig. ...

In addition to the Vulcanalia, May 23, which was the second of the two annual Tubilustria or ceremonies for the purification of trumpets, was sacred to Vulcan.^[6]^[10] is the 143rd day of the year (144th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... This page may meet Wikipedias criteria for speedy deletion. ...

Mythology

Vulcan was the father of Caeculus.^[11] In Roman mythology, Caeculus was a son of Vulcan. ...

Through his identification with the Hephaestus of Greek mythology, he came to be considered as the manufacturer of art, arms, iron, and armor for gods and heroes. He was the son of Jupiter and Juno, and husband of Maia and Venus. His smithy was believed to be situated underneath Mount Etna in Sicily. Hephaestus, Greek god of forging, riding a Donkey; Greek drinking cup (skyphos) made in the 5th century BC Hephaestus (IPA pronunciation: or ; Greek HÃªphaistos) was the Greek god whose Roman equivalent was Vulcan; he was the god of technology including, specifically blacksmiths, craftsmen, artisans, sculptors, metals and metallurgy, and... The bust of Zeus found at Otricoli (Sala Rotonda, Museo Pio-Clementino, Vatican) Greek mythology is the body of stories belonging to the Ancient Greeks concerning their gods and heroes, the nature of the world and the origins and significance of their own cult and ritual practices. ... For other uses, see Iron (disambiguation). ... Jupiter et ThÃ©tis - by Jean Ingres, 1811. ... IVNO REGINA (Queen Juno) on a coin celebrating Julia Soaemias. ... Maia, in Greek mythology, is the eldest of the Pleiades, the seven daughters of Atlas and Pleione. ... Marble Venus of the Capitoline Venus type, Roman (British Museum) Venus was a major Roman goddess principally associated with love and beauty, the rough equivalent of the Greek goddess Aphrodite. ... For finery forges (making iron), see finery forge. ... â€œEtnaâ€ redirects here. ... Sicily ( in Italian and Sicilian) is an autonomous region of Italy and the largest island in the Mediterranean Sea, with an area of 25,708 kmÂ² (9,926 sq. ...

To punish mankind for stealing the secrets of fire, Zeus, ordered the other gods to make a poisoned gift for man. Vulcan's contribution to the beautiful and foolish Pandora, was to mold her from clay and to give her form. He also made the thrones for the other gods on Mount Olympus. The Statue of Zeus at Olympia Phidias created the 12-m (40-ft) tall statue of Zeus at Olympia about 435 BC. The statue was perhaps the most famous sculpture in Ancient Greece, imagined here in a 16th century engraving Zeus (in Greek: nominative: ZeÃºs, genitive: DiÃ³s), is... For other uses, see Pandora (disambiguation) and Pandoras box (disambiguation). ... This article is about the Greek mountain. ...

See Hephaestus for more information. Hephaestus, Greek god of forging, riding a Donkey; Greek drinking cup (skyphos) made in the 5th century BC Hephaestus (IPA pronunciation: or ; Greek HÃªphaistos) was the Greek god whose Roman equivalent was Vulcan; he was the god of technology including, specifically blacksmiths, craftsmen, artisans, sculptors, metals and metallurgy, and...

Reception

A statue of Vulcan located in Birmingham, Alabama is the largest cast iron statue in the world. The Vulcan statue The Vulcan statue is the largest cast iron statue in the world and the symbol of Birmingham, Alabama. ... Nickname: Location in Jefferson County in the state of Alabama Coordinates: , Country State County Jefferson, Shelby Government - Mayor Bernard Kincaid (D) Area - City 151. ... For other uses, see Iron (disambiguation). ...

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Georges Dumézil [1966] (1996). Archaic Roman Religion: Volume One, trans. Philip Krapp, Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, pp. 320–321. ISBN 0-8018-5482-2 (hbk.); ISBN 0-8018-5480-6 (pbk.).
^ Samuel Ball Platner; and Thomas Ashby (1929). "Volcanal". A Topographical Dictionary of Ancient Rome. London: Oxford University Press. pp. 583–584. Retrieved on 2007-07-28.
^ ^a ^b Beard, Mary; John North and Simon Price (1998). Religions of Rome Volume 2: A Sourcebook. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, no. 1.7c. ISBN 0-521-45015-2 (hbk.); ISBN 0-521-45646-0 (pbk.).
^ Vitruvius 1.7; see also Plutarch, Roman Questions 47.
^ Livy, Ab Urbe condita 24.10.9.
^ ^a ^b W. Warde Fowler (1899). The Roman Festivals of the Period of the Republic: An Introduction to the Study of the Religion of the Romans. London: Macmillan and Co., pp. 123–124, 209–211. Retrieved on 2007-07-28.
^ Sextus Pompeius Festus, On the Meaning of Words, s.v. "piscatorii ludi"; Varro, On the Latin Language 6.3.
^ Tacitus, Annals 15.44.1.
^ Inscriptiones Latinae Selectae 4914, translated by Robert K. Sherk (1988). The Roman Empire: Augustus to Hadrian, Translated Documents of Greece and Rome. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, no. 99. ISBN 0-521-33887-5.
^ Ovid, Fasti 5.725–726.
^ Virgil, Aeneid 7.678–681; Servius on Aeneid 7.678.

Georges DumÃ©zil (March 4, 1898 - October 11, 1986) was a French comparative philologist best known for his analysis of sovereignty and power in Indo-European religion and society. ... Samuel Ball Platner (1863â€‘1921) was a British archaeologist, who for many years was the director of the British Institute in Rome. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... is the 209th day of the year (210th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Mary Beard is Professor in Classics at the University of Cambridge and a fellow of Newnham College. ... Marcus Vitruvius Pollio (born ca. ... Mestrius Plutarchus (Greek: Î Î»Î¿ÏÏ„Î±ÏÏ‡Î¿Ï‚; 46 - 127), better known in English as Plutarch, was a Greek historian, biographer, essayist, and Middle Platonist. ... Selected essays from Plutarchs Moralia, Penguin Classics edition 1992 The Moralia (loosely translatable as Matters relating to customs and mores) of the first-century pagan priest Plutarch of Delphi is an eclectic collection of 78 essays and transcribed speeches. ... A portrait of Titus Livius made long after his death. ... Ab urbe condita (related with Anno urbis conditae: AUC or a. ... William Warde Fowler (May 16 1847â€“June 15 1921) was an English historian and ornithologist, and tutor at Lincoln College, Oxford. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... is the 209th day of the year (210th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the town, see Festus, Missouri. ... Marcus Terentius Varro ([[116 BC]–27 BC), also known as Varro Reatinus to distinguish him from his contemporary Varro Atacinus, was a Roman scholar and writer, who the Romans came to call the most learned of all the Romans. ... For other uses, see Tacitus (disambiguation). ... The Annals, or, in Latin, Annales, is a history book by Tacitus covering the reign of the 4 Roman Emperors succeeding to Caesar Augustus. ... For other uses, see Ovid (disambiguation) Publius Ovidius Naso (March 20, 43 BC â€“ 17 AD) was a Roman poet known to the English-speaking world as Ovid who wrote on topics of love, abandoned women and mythological transformations. ... Ovids Fasti is a long, unfinished Latin poem by the Roman poet Ovid. ... For other uses, see Virgil (disambiguation). ... Aeneas flees burning Troy, Federico Barocci, 1598 Galleria Borghese, Rome The Aeneid (IPA English pronunciation: ; in Latin Aeneis, pronounced â€” the title is Greek in form: genitive case Aeneidos) is a Latin epic written by Virgil in the 1st century BC (between 29 and 19 BC) that tells the legendary story... Maurus (or Marius) Servius Honoratius, Roman grammarian and commentator on Virgil, flourished at the end of the 4th century AD. He is one of the interlocutors in the Saturnalia of Ambrosius Theodosius Macrobius, and allusions in that work and a letter from Quintus Aurelius Symmachus to Servius show that he...

External links

Categories: Roman gods | Fire gods | Smithing gods Image File history File links Commons-logo. ... Religion in ancient Rome combined several different cult practices and embraced more than a single set of beliefs. ... The Augur was a priest or official in ancient Rome. ... Bust of a flamen, 3rd century, Louvre A flamen was a name given to a priest assigned to a state supported god or goddess in Roman religion. ... The bronze sheeps liver of Piacenza, with Etruscan inscriptions In Roman practice inherited from the Etruscans, a haruspex (plural haruspices) was a man trained to practice a form of divination called haruspicy, hepatoscopy or hepatomancy. ... Alternate meanings: see Pontifex (disambiguation) In Ancient Rome, the Pontifex Maximus was the high priest of the collegium of the Pontifices, the most august position in Roman religion, open only to a patrician, until 254 BC, when a plebeian first occupied this post. ... The rex Nemorensis, (Latin: the king of Nemi or the king of the grove) was a sort of sacred king who served as priest of the goddess Diana at Aricia in Italy, by the shores of lake Nemi. ... A sacred king, according to the systematic interpretation of mythology developed by Sir James George Frazer in his influential book The Golden Bough, was a king who represented a solar deity in a periodically re-enacted fertility rite. ... Image of a Roman Vestal Virgin In Ancient Rome, the Vestal Virgins (sacerdos Vestalis), were the virgin holy priestesses of Vesta, the goddess of the hearth. ... Look up Apotheosis in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Roman holidays generally were celebrated to worship and celebrate a certain god or mythological occurrence, and consisted of religious observances, various festival traditions and usually a large feast. ... Roman Funerals and Burial Introduction In ancient Rome, important people had elaborate funerals. ... The Imperial cult in Ancient Rome was the worship of the Roman Emperor as a god. ... A head of Minerva found in the ruins of the Roman baths in Bath Roman mythology, the mythological beliefs of the people of Ancient Rome, can be considered as having two parts. ... Many adherents of Roman religion have been persecuted, mainly by Christians. ... The Sibylline Books or Sibyllae were a collection of oracular utterances, set out in Greek hexameters, purchased from a sibyl by the semi-legendary last king of Rome, Tarquinius Superbus, and consulted at momentous crises through the history of the Republic and the Empire. ... The Temple of Hercules Victor, near the Teatro di Marcello in Rome (a Greek-style Roman temple) // Pagan history and architecture Originally in Roman paganism, a templum was not (necessarily) a cultic building but any ritually marked observation site for natural phenomena believed to allow predictions, such as the flight...

Contents

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Mythology

Reception

References

External links

Worship