Waikouaiti is a small town in East Otago, New Zealand, within the city limits of Dunedin. The town is close to the coast and the mouth of the Waikouaiti River. Regions is the formal term for the top tier of local government in New Zealand. ... Otago is one of the regions of New Zealand and lies in the south-east of the South Island. ... East Otago is the name given to that part of Otago, in the South Island of New Zealand that lies directly to the north of Dunedin. ... Dunedin (ÅŒtepoti in Maori) is the second-largest city in the South Island of New Zealand, and the principal city of the region of Otago. ... State Highway 1 crosses the Waikouaiti River between Waikouaiti and Karitane The Waikouaiti River is found to the north of Dunedin in Otago, New Zealand. ...

Waikouaiti today is a retail trade and servicing centre for the surrounding district, which has sheep farming as the principal primary activity. A major egg producer, Mainland Poultry has a 460,000-hen factory farming operation here. Hawksbury, 3 km southwest of Waikouaiti, has a cheese factory and shop, a swimming pool and housing developed from the old mental health institution, Cherry Farm. Karitane, 3 km to the southeast has a small fishing port. The factual accuracy of part of this article is disputed. ... Hawksbury also known as Cherry Farm (and sometimes erroneously as Evansdale) is a small residential and industrial area beside State Highway 1 between Dunedin and Waikouaiti. ... Evansdale Cheese Factory is a small New Zealand producer of hand-made cheeses, located at Hawksbury in Otago, about 35km north of Dunedin on State Highway 1. ... Mental health is a term used to describe either a level of cognitive or emotional wellbeing or an absence of mental illness. ... Hawksbury also known as Cherry Farm (and sometimes erroneously as Evansdale) is a small residential and industrial area beside State Highway 1 between Dunedin and Waikouaiti. ... The seaside settlement of Karitane is located within the limits of the city of Dunedin in New Zealand, 35 kilometres to the north of the city centre. ...

History

An 1826 sketch of the coast north of Otago (made in May 1826), shows the 'Karitane' and 'Waikouaiti' coast.^[1]

Established in 1840, Waikouaiti was the first European settlement in southern New Zealand to be mainly based on farming, and one of the first major European settlements in Otago. It dates from the late 1830s when whaler Johnny Jones established a station in the area. The first school serving Waikouaiti and Karitane was built by whalers including Johnny Jones on the Matanaka headland. Johnny Jones later brought settlers from Sydney, Australia to farm the district, several years before the foundation of the Otago Settlement in 1848. Prior to the arrival of Europeans, the area was frequented by Maori, who had a pa at nearby Karitane. Otago (help· info) is one of the regions of New Zealand and lies in the south-east of the South Island. ... // Electromagnetic induction discovered by Michael Faraday Evolutionary theorist Charles Darwins expedition on the HMS Beagle. ... The crew of the oceanographic research vessel Princesse Alice, of Albert Grimaldi (later Prince Albert I of Monaco) pose while flensing a catch. ... John Johnny Jones (ca. ... Australian term for a large farm or Australian ranch, usually in the outback, whose main activity is the raising of sheep, for their wool and meat. ... This is about the city of Sydney in Australia. ... Year 1848 (MDCCCXLVIII) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a leap year starting on Monday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Te Puni, Māori Chief Māori is the name of the indigenous people of New Zealand, and their language. ... Pa, Maori word meaning a fortified village or redoubt, described at length in Maori Wars. ... The seaside settlement of Karitane is located within the limits of the city of Dunedin in New Zealand, 35 kilometres to the north of the city centre. ...

Jones's homestead and some of the associated buildings of his colonial manor farm dating from 1843 still stand on Cornish Head. The farm buildings, though not the homestead, are owned by the New Zealand Historic Places Trust and are open to the public. They are said to be the oldest surviving farm buildings in New Zealand. The Historic Places Trust is a non-profit trust which advocates for the protection of heritage buildings in New Zealand. ...

In Beach Street in Waikouaiti proper, the wooden shingle roofed St. John's Anglican Church remains. The cost of building was met by Johnny Jones and it was opened in 1858. It was designed by B.W. Mountfort of Christchurch who also designed the Provincial Council Building there.

Place names

The town of Waikouaiti was initially called "Hawksbury" – this name still applies to the lagoon in the centre of the town, and was recycled and applied to the residential/industrial redevelopment at the former Cherry Farm Hospital. The name Waikouaiti is Maori, and may come from phrases meaning "small bitter waters" (wai-kawa-iti) or "braided streamlets" (wai-koua-iti). This name once applied to a whaling staion at Karitane, but the name shifted to the present location. Hawksbury also known as Cherry Farm (and sometimes erroneously as Evansdale) is a small residential and industrial area beside State Highway 1 between Dunedin and Waikouaiti. ... Māori (or Maori) is a language spoken by the native peoples of New Zealand and the Cook Islands. ... The crew of the oceanographic research vessel Princesse Alice, of Albert Grimaldi (later Prince Albert I of Monaco) pose while flensing a catch. ... The seaside settlement of Karitane is located within the limits of the city of Dunedin in New Zealand, 35 kilometres to the north of the city centre. ...

Transport

Roads

Waikouaiti is located on State Highway 1 40 kilometres north of Dunedin city centre and 666 kilometres from the start of the highway at Picton. Highway operator Transit New Zealand recently completed a realignment from Waikouaiti to Flag Swamp in order to reduce the number of accidents that occurred on the Tumai railway overbridge just north of Waikouaiti. The new road includes a north-bound passing lane and opened in September 2007^[2] State Highway 1 State Highway 1 is the most significant single element of the New Zealand roading network State Highway 1 can be considered as a single highway running the length of both main islands, a total of 2027 km. ... A view of the harbour in Picton. ... Transit New Zealand is a state owned entity which is responsible for New Zealands state highway motorway system (about 12% of New Zealands roads). ...

Railway

The Main South Line railway between Christchurch and Invercargill passes through Waikouaiti. It was constructed in the 1870s, and daily passenger trains passed through Waikouaiti until the cancellation of the Southerner in February 2002. Currently, the only passenger service is a tourist service operated by the Taieri Gorge Railway. Named the Seasider, it operates between Dunedin and Palmerston, once or twice a week in the summer months and occasionally during winter. The Main South Line is half of the South Island Main Trunk Railway in New Zealand and runs south from Lyttelton through Christchurch and down the east coast of the South Island to Invercargill via Dunedin. ... For other uses, see Christchurch (disambiguation). ... Cnr of Esk and Dee Streets, looking up Esk st, one of the main shopping streets of Invercargill. ... The Southerner was a famous passenger express train that ran in New Zealands South Island along the Main South Line between Christchurch and Invercargill via Dunedin. ... The Taieri Gorge Railway is a railway based at Dunedin Railway Station in the South Island of New Zealand. ... The Seasider is a tourist train service in the South Island of New Zealand operated by the Taieri Gorge Railway. ... Panorama of the view from Puketapu Cairn overlooking Palmerston Puketapu dominates Palmerston, New Zealand The town of Palmerston, in New Zealands South Island lies 50 kilometres to the north of the city of Dunedin. ...

Freight trains operate through Waikouaiti multiple times daily.

References

1. ^ Otago coast map sketch - Thomas Shepherd (1779-1835), Original in the Mitchell Library, Sydney. Reproduced in Entwisle, 2005, illustration 17
2. ^ 'Official opening of the Tumai deviation', p19, The Review September 2007, Palmerston, New Zealand.

• Entwisle, P (1998) Behold the Moon the European Occupation of the Dunedin District 1770-1848 Dunedin, NZ: Port Daniel Press ISBN 0-473-05591-0.
• Entwisle, P (2005) 'Taka a Vignette Life of William Tucker Dunedin, NZ: Port Daniel Press ISBN 0-473-10098-3.
• Knight, H & Coutts, P (1975) Matanaka Dunedin, NZ: John McIndoe.