There have been three conflicts in the late 20th century and early 21st century called Gulf War, all of which refer to conflicts in the Persian Gulf region:
Gulf War (1990-1991) (aka Persian Gulf War, First Gulf War, Second Gulf War). This was a war between Iraq and a coalition of nations led by the United States in response to Iraq's invasion of Kuwait.
the 2003 invasion of Iraq (2003) (aka 2003 Iraq War, Second Gulf War, Third Gulf War). This was a war between Iraq and a coalition of nations led by the United States, which resulted in the removal from power of the government of Saddam Hussein.
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After the 1991 Gulf War, UN Resolutions were passed to impose sanctions on the regime of Saddam Hussein until it was verified that their Weapons of Mass Destruction were destroyed.
Conflict between Iraq and the UN developed during 1998, however, which led to the withdrawal of the UN and the authorization of a bombing campaign by the Clinton administration to "degrade Saddam's capacity to develop and deliver weapons of mass destruction, and to degrade his ability to threaten his neighbors".
The first calls for war on Iraq came from the Project for the New American Century (PNAC), and the American Enterprise Institute, with arguments based largely on the alleged threat that Saddam posed to American interests in the region, and the project of American influence into the next century.
UN inspection teams were searching Iraq for these alleged weapons for nearly four months prior to the invasion and were willing to continue, but were forced out by the onset of war in spite of their requests for more time.
Iraq was subsequently marked by violent conflict between U.S.-led occupation of Iraq soldiers and forces described by the occupiers as insurgents.
Critics of the war, especially those on the political left argued that media organizations should attempt to be objective or neutral in presenting the facts of the invasion, and should not be deferential to claims made by the politicians or the military leaders of their country.
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