The War of the Priests (1478-1479, German: Pfaffenkrieg, Polish: wojna popia,wojna księża) was a war that broke out as a result of a dispute between the Bishopric of Warmia, which had received Prince-Bishopric status by emperor Charles IV, and the Polish king [1]. Events February 18 - George, Duke of Clarence, convicted of treason against his older brother Edward IV of England, is privately executed in the Tower of London. ... Events January 20 - Ferdinand II ascends the throne of Aragon and rules together with his wife Isabella, queen of Castile over most of the Iberian peninsula. ... The Archbishopric of Warmia (formerly Bishopric of Warmia) (Polish: Archidiecezja warmiÅ„ska, Latin: Archidioecesis Varmiensis, German: Erzbistum Ermland) is a bishopric in Poland. ... Prince-Bishop was the title given bishops who held secular powers, beside their inherent clerical power. ... The name Charles IV is used to refer to numerous persons in history: Kings: Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor Charles IV of Spain, king of Spain Charles IV of France, king of France Charles IV of Hungary, king of Hungary Other: Charles IV, Duke of Lorraine This is a disambiguation...

Political situation

The Bishopric of Warmia was in the 14th century part of the Monastic State of the Teutonic Knights, but enjoyed autonomy and was administrated as a prince-bishopric. The bishops, often members of the Teutonic Order, were loyal to the order even in early 15th century, when the Polish Kingdom had won the Battle of Grunwald in 1410. After their defeat, the Teutonic Knights raised the taxes to pay for the resulting costs. Eventually, the order's policies and tax increases led to the foundation of the Prussian Confederation in 1440 by Prussian cities who wanted to defend their rights against the order. This article needs to be wikified. ... Teutonic Knights, charging into battle. ... Combatants Kingdom of Poland Grand Duchy of Lithuania Teutonic Order Commanders Władysław Jagiełło, Vytautas the Great Ulrich von Jungingen Strength 39,000 27,000 Casualties Unknown 8,000 dead 2,000 captured The Battle of Grunwald or Battle of Tannenberg took place on July 15, 1410 between... Events July 15 – Battle of Grunwald (a. ... Teutonic Knights, charging into battle. ... On February 21, 1440, a group made up of individuals from the Prussian cities, gentry and clergy, formed the Prussian Confederation (German Preussischer Bund, Polish: Związek Pruski), under the leadership of the big cities Gdansk, Elblag, and Torun. ... For alternative meanings, see number 1440. ...

Soon later the Prussian cities and the gentry (most prominently from Culmerland founded the Prussian Confederation to defend their rights against the order. When they allied with the Polish King the Thirteen Years' War (1453-1466) broke out. The Bishop of Warmia Paul of Legendorf (1458-1467) joined the Prussian Confederation in the last year of the conflict (1466). The second Peace of Thorun moved West-Prussia under the suzerainty of the Polish King but the Bishops of Warmia insisted on their prerogatives, namely the completely independent election of the bishop by the chapter. Chelmno Land or Culmland (Polish: Ziemia Chełmińska, German: Kulmerland, Kulmer Land, Culmerland or Culmer Land) is the traditional name for a district around the city of Chełmno, in north-western Poland. ... On February 21, 1440, a group made up of individuals from the Prussian cities, gentry and clergy, formed the Prussian Confederation (German Preussischer Bund, Polish: ZwiÄ…zek Pruski), under the leadership of the big cities Gdansk, Elblag, and Torun. ... The Thirteen Years War (also called the War of the Cities) started out as an uprising by Prussian cities and the local nobility with the goal of gaining independence from the Teutonic Knights. ... The Second Treaty of ToruÅ„, Zweiter Friede von Thorn, (also referred to as Peace of ToruÅ„ 1466) was a peace treaty signed in the Hanse city of Thorn/ToruÅ„ on October 19, 1466 between the Polish king, the Prussian cities, and duke of Pomerania on one side, and the Teutonic...

Dispute

In 1467, the chapter didn't accept the bishop nominated by Polish King Casimir IV, and instead elected Nicolaus Tungen. This resulted in a dispute in which the bishopric was supported by the Teutonic Order and Matthias Corvinus, the Hungarian king. Reign From 1446 until June 7, 1492 Coronation On June 25, 1447 in the Wawel Cathedral, Kraków, Poland Royal House Jagiellon Parents Władyslaw II Jagiełło Zofia Holszańska Consorts Elżbieta Rakuszanka Children with Elżbieta Rakuszanka Władysław II Jagiellończyk Jadwiga Jagiellonka Kazimierz Swięty Jan I Olbracht Aleksander Jagiellończyk Zofia Elżbieta Zygmunt I... Matthias Corvinus (Mátyás in Hungarian), (February 23, 1443 (?) - April 6, 1490) was one of the greatest Kings of Hungary, ruling between 1458 and 1490. ...

War

In 1478, Polish forces of king Casimir IV intervened militarily in Warmia, besieging Braunsberg. The city withstood. Events February 18 - George, Duke of Clarence, convicted of treason against his older brother Edward IV of England, is privately executed in the Tower of London. ... Reign From 1446 until June 7, 1492 Coronation On June 25, 1447 in the Wawel Cathedral, Kraków, Poland Royal House Jagiellon Parents Władyslaw II Jagiełło Zofia Holszańska Consorts Elżbieta Rakuszanka Children with Elżbieta Rakuszanka Władysław II Jagiellończyk Jadwiga Jagiellonka Kazimierz Swięty Jan I Olbracht Aleksander Jagiellończyk Zofia Elżbieta Zygmunt I... Braniewo is a city in northeastern Poland: Warmia - Mazury voivodship). ...

Settlement

The first Treaty of Piotrków ended the feud in 1479. The Polish King accepted Nicolaus of Tüngen as bishop, who had been elected in 1467, and granted several prerogatives of the bishopric. The bishop acknowleged the souvereignity of the Polish King over Warmia, obliged the chapter to elect only candidates "liked by the Polish King" and the Warmians had to pledge an oath of loyalty to him. Piotrków Trybunalski is a town in central Poland with 81,200 inhabitants (2004). ...

However, 10 years later, the election of the next bishop, Lucas Watzenrode revived conflicts between Warmia's chapter and Casimir IV. The Prince-Bishopric of Warmia received exempt status, under directly authorisation of the pope. Lucas Watzenrode the Younger (sometimes also Watzelrode), (*30 October 1447 in Thorun, † 29 March 1512, ibi) was bishop of Warmia (Ermland) and uncle of the astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus. ... Prince-Bishop was the title given bishops who held secular powers, beside their inherent clerical power. ...