NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Warsaw concentration camp

Warsaw concentration camp (German: Konzentrationslager Warschau, short KL Warschau) was the German concentration and extermination camp in Warsaw, in the ruins of the Warsaw Ghetto and in other parts of the city. It was operated between autumn 1942 and the Warsaw Uprising in 1944. The first commander of the camp was Wilhelm Goecke, former Mauthausen Concentration Camp commander. According to various estimates some 200,000 people (mostly Gentile Poles) were killed there by the Germans during Second World War. It has been suggested that Internment be merged into this article or section. ... Majdanek - crematorium Extermination camp (German Vernichtungslager) was the term applied to a group of death camps set up by Nazi Germany during World War II for the express purpose of killing the Jews of Europe, although members of some other groups whom the Nazis wished to exterminate, such as Roma... Warsaw (Polish: , (?), in full The Capital City of Warsaw, Polish: Miasto StoÅ‚eczne Warszawa) is the capital of Poland and its largest city. ... The Ghetto Heroes Memorial The Warsaw Ghetto was the largest of the Jewish ghettos established by Nazi Germany in General Government during the Holocaust in World War II. In the three years of its existence, starvation, disease and deportations to concentration camps and extermination camps dropped the population of the... This article is about the year. ... Combatants Poland Germany Commanders Tadeusz BÃ³r-Komorowski, Antoni ChruÅ›ciel, Tadeusz PeÅ‚czyÅ„ski Erich von dem Bach, Rainer Stahel, Heinz Reinefarth, [Bronislav Kaminski] Strength 50,000 troops 25,000 troops Casualties 18,000 killed, 12,000 wounded, 15,000 taken prisoner 250,000 civilians killed 10,000 killed... 1944 (MCMXLIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday (the link is to a full 1944 calendar). ... Mauthausen (from summer 1940, Mauthausen-Gusen) was a group of 49 Nazi concentration camps situated around the small town of Mauthausen in Upper Austria, about 20 kilometers east of the city of Linz. ... The word Gentile from the Latin gentilis, can either be a translation of the Hebrew Goy/×’×•×™ or of the Hebrew word Nochri/× ×›×¨×™. In the most common modern use it refers to the former being derived from the Latin term gens (meaning clan or a group of families) and it is... Mushroom cloud from the nuclear explosion over Nagasaki rising 18 km into the air. ...

Date controversy

The exact date of its creation is unknown. Some historians (Polish Institute of National Remembrance among them) argue that it was created following the orders of general Oswald Pohl on June 11, 1943. However, others (among them historian and IPN judge Maria Trzcińska) claim that it must have been already operational prior to the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising. The factual basis of this claim is that on October 9, 1942 Heinrich Himmler issued an order in which he stated: Instytut Pamięci Narodowej (IPN, Institute of National Remembrance) is a Polish institution created by the IPN Act in 18 December 1998. ... June 11 is the 162nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (163rd in leap years), with 203 days remaining. ... 1943 (MCMXLIII) was a common year starting on Friday (the link is to a full 1943 calendar). ... IPN may refer to: Instytut Pamieci Narodowej Instant Payment Notification Instituto PolitÃ©cnico Nacional InterPlaNetary internet Iranian Physics News This is a disambiguation page, a list of pages that otherwise might share the same title. ... October 9 is the 282nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (283rd in leap years). ... (October 7, 1900 â€“ May 23, 1945) was the commander of the German Schutzstaffel (SS) and one of the most powerful men in Nazi Germany. ...

Parts

The overall area was 1.2 km², with 119 barracks for between 35,000 and 40,000 prisoners. SS or ss or Ss may be: The Schutzstaffel, a Nazi paramilitary force Steamship (SS) (ship prefix) The United States Secret Service A submarine not powered by nuclear energy (SS) (United States Navy designator), see SSN A Soviet/Russian surface-to-surface missile, as listed by NATO reporting name Shortstop... Unfree labour is a generic or collective term for forms of work, especially in modern or early modern history, in which adults and/or children are employed without wages, or for a minimal wage. ... A death camp is either a concentration camp, the important (though not necessarily single) function of which is to facilitate mass murder of the people deported into such a camp (such as the Nazis Auschwitz and Majdanek, which acquired their murderous functions only some time after they had been... Passengers bustle around the typical grand edifice of Londons Broad Street station in 1865. ... The Deaths Head emblem similar to Skull and crossbones, often used as the insignia of the Gestapo The (contraction of Geheime Staatspolizei; secret state police) was the official secret police of Nazi Germany. ... Pawiak Pawiak was a famous prison in Warsaw built by the tsarist authorities between 1829 and 1835. ... GÄ™siÃ³wka (Polish informal name for the prison on GÄ™sia street (now: Anielewicza street) in Warsaw), was a Polish prison in Warsaw. ...

Methodology of the crime

According to German plans before the Warsaw Uprising, Warsaw was to be turned into a fully German city. To ensure this, the population of the city was to drop from well over a million to less than 500,000 inhabitants. To accomplish this goal all Jews were grouped in the Warsaw Ghetto and then exterminated. The next step was exterminating Gentile population.

Gentile population of Warsaw was initially a target of the łapanka policy, in which the forces of SS, Wehrmacht and police rounded up civilians on a street and took all of them as prisoners. Most of them were either shot on the spot or transported to various concentration and death camps. Between 1942 and 1944 there were approximately 400 victims of łapanka in Warsaw daily. Many of the caught were first transferred to the KL Warschau complex. Åapanka (literally Catching game) was a nick-name applied to the German policy in occupied Poland during World War II. In Å‚apankas the forces of SS, Wehrmacht and Gestapo rounded up civilians on the streets of Polish cities and took all of them as prisoners. ... German cavalry and motorized units entering Poland from East Prussia during the Polish Defensive War of 1939 Wehrmacht (helpÂ· info) (Defence force) was the name of the armed forces of Germany from 1935 to 1945. ...

Among those grouped in Warsaw the majority were either shot or gassed in a provisional gas chamber located in a tunnel near the Warszawa Zachodnia train station. The gas chamber once used at San Quentin State Prison in California for the purpose of capital punishment. ...

Liquidation and liberation

On July 20, 1944 Wilhelm Koppe ordered the complex to be liquidated. Most of the prisoners were killed or transferred to other concentration camps (mostly to Dachau, Gross-Rosen and Ravensbrück). Between July 28 and July 31 four major railway transports left Warsaw. A small group of approximately 360 inmates (mostly Jews from various European countries) was left in Pawiak and Gęsiówka to help in destruction of the evidence. The files of the camp were burnt, the railway tunnel in which the prisoners were gassed to death blown up and the prisons were mined. July 20 is the 201st day (202nd in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 164 days remaining. ... poo ... KL Gross-Rosen was a German concentration camp, located in Gross-Rosen. ... View of the barracks at RavensbrÃ¼ck RavensbrÃ¼ck was a German concentration camp located 90 km north of Berlin. ... July 28 is the 209th day (210th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 156 days remaining. ... July 31 is the 212th day (213th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 153 days remaining. ...

On August 5, 1944 the Armia Krajowa liberated the camp located in the former Warsaw Ghetto and set free the remaining 360 men and women. Most of them joined the struggle and fought in the Warsaw Uprising. August 5 is the 217th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (218th in leap years), with 148 days remaining. ... The Armia Krajowa (Home Army) or AK functioned as the dominant resistance movement in German-occupied Poland, which was active in all areas of the country from September 1939 until its disbanding in January 1945. ...

According to the US Holocaust Memorial Museum website, Warsaw Concentration Camp was liberated in January 1945 by the Soviet Troops

References

Institute of National Remembrance (Polish: ; IPN) is a Polish institution created by the IPN Act in 18 December 1998. ... Institute of National Remembrance (Polish: ; IPN) is a Polish institution created by the IPN Act in 18 December 1998. ...

Contents

Date controversy

Parts

Methodology of the crime

Liquidation and liberation

References

See also:

Contents

Date controversy GA_googleFillSlot("encyclopedia_square");

Parts

Methodology of the crime

Liquidation and liberation

References

See also:

Date controversy