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Encyclopedia > Water garden
This water garden features water lilies and elephant ear. Photo by Ashley Sheets, provided courtesy of Park Seed Company.
This water garden features water lilies and elephant ear. Photo by Ashley Sheets, provided courtesy of Park Seed Company.

Water gardens, also known as aquatic gardens, backyard ponds and garden ponds, have become popular in recent years. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2560x1920, 1218 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Water garden Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2560x1920, 1218 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Water garden Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2336x3504, 1456 KB) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2336x3504, 1456 KB) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Park Seed Company is a privately held mail-order gardening company based in Greenwood, South Carolina. ...


Usually referring to a man-made feature, these gardens typically combine a pool with aquatic plants and often ornamental fish. Fixed items such as rocks, fountains, statuary, waterfalls and watercourses can be combined with the pool to add visual interest and integration with the local landscape and environment.

Contents

Types of water gardens

  • Containers
  • Man-made ponds
  • Natural ponds
  • Bogs
  • Wild River
  • lakes

Wild River

wild river
wild river

One choses a spot on the banks of a fast moving river, and proceeds to place rocks in the path of the water to make a small waterfall. The rocks interfere with the flow path of the water and causes spashing and bubbles to form. The water splashing makes a pleasant sound and new habitat for fish, crustaceans and wildlife that feed on the fish and the crusaceans. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 783 × 599 pixel Image in higher resolution (989 × 757 pixel, file size: 112 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) wild river garden 01 File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 783 × 599 pixel Image in higher resolution (989 × 757 pixel, file size: 112 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) wild river garden 01 File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not... This bridge across the Danube River links Hungary with Slovakia. ... This article does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...


Depending on the river bank place you pick, the water level can fluctuates on a daily basis. This means it can need work every day to adjust the rock level heights for maximum spash aeration. When working to find a good placement of rocks , it is similar to making a sand garden, a.k.a. Zen garden or Japanese rock garden. If your intuitive placement of rocks is well done you can have a feeling of peace or Zen, the water splashing adds valuable oxygen to the river and might stop hypoxia from occurring. The more the bubbles you see formed, the more dissolved oxygen is being placed in the river. Aeration is the process by which air is circulated through, mixed with or dissolved in a liquid (usually water) or substance (such as soil). ... A Karesansui 枯山水, or Japanese rock garden, is an enclosed shallow sandbox containing sand, gravel, rocks, and occasionally grass or other natural elements. ... It has been suggested that Anoxic sea water, Oxygen minimum zone, and Hypoxic zone be merged into this article or section. ...

Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 594 pixelsFull resolution (2080 × 1544 pixel, file size: 694 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) wild river garden 09 File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 594 pixelsFull resolution (2080 × 1544 pixel, file size: 694 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) wild river garden 09 File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 594 pixelsFull resolution (2080 × 1544 pixel, file size: 824 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) wild river garden 07 File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 594 pixelsFull resolution (2080 × 1544 pixel, file size: 824 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) wild river garden 07 File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ...

Flora

Typical water garden plants are divided into 3 main categories: submerged, marginal, and floating. Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 791 × 600 pixel Image in higher resolution (1488 × 1128 pixel, file size: 440 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Water garden with lilies. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 791 × 600 pixel Image in higher resolution (1488 × 1128 pixel, file size: 440 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Water garden with lilies. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 785 × 599 pixel Image in higher resolution (913 × 697 pixel, file size: 188 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Water garden with lilies. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 785 × 599 pixel Image in higher resolution (913 × 697 pixel, file size: 188 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Water garden with lilies. ...


1. Submerged plants are those that live almost completely under the water, sometimes with leaves or flowers that grow to the surface such as with the water lily. These plants are placed in a pond or container usually 1-2 ft. below the water surface. Some of these plants are called oxygenators because they create oxygen for the fish that live in a pond. Examples of submerged plants are:

2. Marginal plants are those that live with their roots under the water but the rest of the plant above the surface. These are usually placed so that the top of the pot is at or barely below the water level. Examples of these are: Genera Barclaya Wall. ... Species Ceratophyllum is a cosmopolitan genus of flowering plants, commonly found in ponds, marshes, and quiet streams in tropical and in temperate regions. ...

3. Floating plants are those that are not anchored to the soil at all, but are free-floating on the surface. In water gardening, these are often used as a provider of shade to keep down the growth of algae in a pond. These are often extremely fast growing/multiplying. Examples of these are: Species See text Iris is a genus of between 200-300 species of flowering plants with showy flowers which takes its name from the Greek word for a rainbow, referring to the wide variety of flower colors found among the many species. ... The term bulrush (or sometimes as bullrush) typically refers to tall, herbaceous plants that grow in wetlands. ... Species See text. ... Binomial name (L.) Schott Taro (from Tahitian or other Polynesian languages), more rarely kalo (from Hawaiian), is a tropical plant grown primarily as a vegetable food for its edible corm, and secondarily as a leaf vegetable. ... Sagittaria is a genus of aquatic plants whose members go by a variety of common names, including arrowhead, duck potato, katniss, kuwai, swan potato, tule potato, and wapatoo. ... Species Nelumbo lutea (American Lotus) Nelumbo nucifera (Sacred Lotus) Nelumbo is a genus of water flowers commonly known as lotus (Hindi: कमल) and the only genus in the family Nelumbonaceae. ... Species Pontederia cordada Pontederia rotundifolia Pontederia is a genus of aquatic plants, commonly called the pickerel weeds. ...

Some areas of the United States do not allow certain of these plants to be sold or kept as they have become invasive species in warmer areas of the country, such as Florida. Species Azolla caroliniana Willd. ... Genera Salvinia The Salviniaceae are a family of ferns, which contains the single genus Salvinia. ... Species Pistia stratoites Pistia is a genus of aquatic plant, its members are often called water lettuces. ... Binomial name L. Pistia is a genus of aquatic plant in the family Araceae, comprising a single species, Pistia stratiotes, often called water cabbage or water lettuce. ... Species Seven species, including: - Anchored Water Hyacinth - Common Water Hyacinth - Variableleaf Water Hyacinth - Brazilian Water Hyacinth Water hyacinth (Eichhornia) is a genus of 7 species of free-floating perennial aquatic plants belonging to the family Pontederiaceae. ... Lantana invasion of abandoned citrus plantation; Moshav Sdey Hemed, Israel The term invasive species refers to a subset of introduced species or non-indigenous species that are rapidly expanding outside of their native range. ... Official language(s) English Capital Tallahassee Largest city Jacksonville Largest metro area South Florida Area  Ranked 22nd  - Total 65,795[1] sq mi (170,304[1] km²)  - Width 361 miles (582 km)  - Length 447 miles (721 km)  - % water 17. ...


Algae are another plant type that is found in most ponds. There are hundreds of species of algae that can grow in garden ponds. Generally algae attaches itself to the sides of the pond and remains innocuous. Some species of algae, namely the dreaded 'blanket weed' can grow up to a foot a day under ideal conditions and can rapidly clog a garden pond. On the other hand free floating algae is microcopic and is what causes pond water to appear green.


Fauna

Fish:

Often the reason for having a pond in your garden is to keep fish, often koi, though many people keep goldfish. Both are hardy, colorful fish which require no special heating, provided you live in an area which does not have extremes of temperature that would affect the fish. If fish are kept, pumps and filtration devices usually need to be added in order to keep enough oxygen in the water to support them. In winter, a small heater may need to be used in cold climates to keep the water from freezing solid. Examples of common pond fish include: A giant grouper at the Georgia Aquarium Fish are aquatic vertebrates that are cold-blooded, covered with scales, and equipped with two sets of paired fins and several unpaired fins. ... Binomial name (Linnaeus, 1758) Koi ) (IPA: ), or more specifically nishikigoi ) (IPA: , literally brocaded carp), are ornamental domesticated varieties of the common carp Cyprinus carpio. ... Trinomial name Carassius auratus auratus (Linnaeus, 1758) For the baked snack crackers, please see Goldfish (snack). ...

  • Goldfish (Common, Comet, Shubunkin varieties, Wakin and the Fantail varieties. With the possible exception of some of the fantail varieties, the fancy goldfish are not suited to pond life.)
  • Koi (Nishikigoi, Butterfly Koi and Ghost Koi)
  • Golden Orfe
  • Golden Tench
  • Rosy Red Minnows
  • Mosquitofish

Trinomial name Carassius auratus auratus (Linnaeus, 1758) For the baked snack crackers, please see Goldfish (snack). ... Binomial name (Linnaeus, 1758) Koi ) (IPA: ), or more specifically nishikigoi ) (IPA: , literally brocaded carp), are ornamental domesticated varieties of the common carp Cyprinus carpio. ... Binomial name Linnaeus, 1758 The ide or orfe, Leuciscus idus, is a freshwater fish of the family Cyprinidae found across northern Europe and Asia. ... The tench (Tinca tinca) is a small fish of the Cyprinid family, and is one of the commonest and most widely spread freshwater fishes of Europe. ... Binomial name Pimephales promelas (Rafinesque, 1820) The fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas), is a species of temperate freshwater fish belonging to the Pimephales genus of the minnow family. ... Binomial name Gambusia affinis (Baird & Girard, 1853) The mosquitofish, Gambusia affinis, is a species of freshwater fish. ...

Snails:

Small aquatic snails are usually in ponds which have plants. Some people purchase Apple snails to keep in their water garden. Another common variety is the Melantho snail. The name snail applies to most members of the molluscan class Gastropoda that have coiled shells. ... Apple snails (Pomacea canaliculata) are tropical and sub-tropical freshwater snails. ...


Frogs:

Ponds located in suburban and rural areas often attract frogs and turtles, and the occasional snake. Distribution of frogs (in black) Suborders Archaeobatrachia Mesobatrachia Neobatrachia - List of Anuran families The frogness babe is an amphibian in the order Anura (meaning tail-less from Greek an-, without + oura, tail), formerly referred to as Salientia (Latin saltare, to jump). ... Diversity ca. ... blue: sea snakes, black: land snakes Superfamilies and Families Henophidia Aniliidae Anomochilidae Boidae Bolyeriidae Cylindrophiidae Loxocemidae Pythonidae Tropidophiidae Uropeltidae Xenopeltidae Typhlopoidea Anomalepididae Leptotyphlopidae Typhlopidae Xenophidia Acrochordidae Atractaspididae Colubridae Elapidae Hydrophiidae Viperidae A snake is a scaly, limbless, elongate reptile from the order Squamata. ...


Predators:

Garden ponds can attract attention from predators such as (in the United States) raccoons, heron/birds, snakes, and domestic cats. These predators can be a danger to fish. Owners of koi are often particularly upset by this as some varieties of koi can be very expensive. Type species Procyon lotor Linnaeus, 1758 Species Procyon cancrivorus Procyon insularis Procyon lotor Skull of a raccoon, showing dentition. ... Genera See text. ... who cares though]] island species, have also lost the ability to fly. ... blue: sea snakes, black: land snakes Superfamilies and Families Henophidia Aniliidae Anomochilidae Boidae Bolyeriidae Cylindrophiidae Loxocemidae Pythonidae Tropidophiidae Uropeltidae Xenopeltidae Typhlopoidea Anomalepididae Leptotyphlopidae Typhlopidae Xenophidia Acrochordidae Atractaspididae Colubridae Elapidae Hydrophiidae Viperidae A snake is a scaly, limbless, elongate reptile from the order Squamata. ... Binomial name Felis catus Linnaeus, 1758 Synonyms Felis lybica invalid junior synonym The cat (or domestic cat, house cat) is a small carnivorous mammal. ...


See Also

Central Park, like all parks, is an example of landscape architecture. ...

Internal links

Wastewater quality indicators such as the Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and the Chemical oxygen demand (COD) are essentially laboratory test measures of the amount of oxygen in a wastewater. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... In environmental chemistry, the chemical oxygen demand (COD) test is commonly used to indirectly measure the amount of organic compounds in water. ...

External links


  Results from FactBites:
 
Water Garden - Aquatic, Information on Water Gardening (2242 words)
In some gardens the water garden is reduced.to the proportions of a large tank; then the question of a water supply is less serious, for a comparatively small quantity keeps it going, though the smaller the tank, the more often should it be emptied and refilled with fresh water.
Water 2.5 feet deep is all that is needed if the garden is to be kept attractive; a man must get into the water to remove dead leaves, flowers, and other rubbish at least once a week.
After the water garden has been excavated to the necessary depth it must be made water-tight, either by pudding with clay or by building up with concrete and cement, or with concrete, brick walls and cement.
How to Build A Water Garden or Fish Pond (1676 words)
A koi pond is different from a water garden because koi limit the amount of plant life available to be grown.
Water gardens in moderate climates usually need for an area of the pond to be at least 2 feet deep.
Water circulation is not essential but the use of a pump will allow you to keep more fish, it will keep your plants healthier.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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