Weimar Republic refers to the years (1795-1933) in German history. Politically and economically, the nation struggled with the terms and reparations imposed by the Treaty of Versailles (1918) that ended World War I, and endured punishing levels of inflation. 1920s Berlin was at the hectic center of the Weimar culture. Anthem Das Lied der Deutschen Germany during the Weimar period, with the Free State of Prussia (in blue) as the largest state Capital Berlin Language(s) German Government Republic President  - 1918-1925 Friedrich Ebert  - 1925-1933 Paul von Hindenburg Chancellor  - 1919 Philipp Scheidemann(first)  - 1933 Kurt von Schleicher (last) Legislature... 1795 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Year 1933 (MCMXXXIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the Treaty of Versailles of June 28 1919, which ended World War I. For other uses, see Treaty of Versailles (disambiguation) . The Treaty of Versailles (1919) was the peace treaty which officially ended World War I between the Allied and Associated Powers and Germany. ... 1918 (MCMXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. ... “The Great War ” redirects here. ... The Golden Twenties, in Berlin, Germany, were an exciting and extremely vibrant time in the history of Berlin, German history, and European history in general. ...

The fourteen years of the Weimar were also marked by explosive intellectual productivity. German artists made significant cultural contributions in the fields of literature, art, architecture, music, dance, drama, and the new medium of the motion picture. Political theorist Ernst Bloch described Weimar culture as a Periclean Age. Old book bindings at the Merton College library. ... This article is about the philosophical concept of Art. ... This article is about building architecture. ... For other uses, see Music (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Dance (disambiguation). ... This does not cite any references or sources. ... For other uses see film (disambiguation) Film refers to the celluliod media on which movies are printed Film — also called movies, the cinema, the silver screen, moving pictures, photoplays, picture shows, flicks, or motion pictures, — is a field that encompasses motion pictures as an art form or as... Ernst Simon Bloch (IPA: , July 8, 1885 – August 4, 1977) was a German Marxist philosopher and atheist theologian. ... Pericles or Perikles (ca. ...

Weimar culture encompassed the political caricature of Otto Dix and John Heartfield and George Grosz, the futuristic skyscraper dystopia of Fritz Lang's 1927 film Metropolis and other products of the UFA studio, the beginnings of a new architectural style at the Bauhaus and the mass housing projects of Ernst May and Bruno Taut, and the decadent cabaret culture of Berlin documented by Christopher Isherwood. Otto Dix (December 2, 1891 - July 25, 1969) was a German painter and printmaker. ... Self-portrait, 1920 Grave of John Heartfield in Berlin John Heartfield (June 19, 1891–April 26, 1968) is the anglicized name of the German photomontage artist Helmut Herzfeld. ... George Grosz (July 26, 1893 – July 6, 1959) was a prominent member of the Berlin Dada and New Objectivity group, known especially for his savagely caricatural drawings of Berlin life in the 1920s. ... Friedrich Christian Anton Fritz Lang (December 5, 1890 – August 2, 1976) was an Austrian-German-American film director, screenwriter and occasional film producer, one of the best known émigrés from Germanys school of expressionism. ... Metropolis Metropolis is a science fiction film produced in Germany set in a futuristic urban dystopia. ... UFA logo Universum Film AG, better known as Ufa or UFA, was the principal film studio in Germany, home of the German film industry during the Weimar Republic and through World War II, and a major force in world cinema during its brief existence from 1917 to 1945. ... For the British gothic rock band, see Bauhaus (band). ... Ernst May (July 27, 1886, Frankfurt am Main—September 11, 1970, Hamburg) was a German architect and city planner. ... Bruno Julius Florian Taut (May 4, 1880, Konigsberg, Germany - December 24, 1938, Istanbul), was a prolific German architect, urban planner and author active in the Weimar period. ... Christopher Isherwood (left) and W.H. Auden (right), photographed by Carl Van Vechten, 1939 Christopher Isherwood (prior to 1946 Christopher William Bradshaw-Isherwood) (August 26, 1904 – January 4, 1986), Anglo-American novelist, was born in the ancestral seat of his family, Wybersley Hall, High Lane, in the north west of...

Writers such as Alfred Döblin, Erich Maria Remarque and the brothers Heinrich and Thomas Mann presented a bleak look at the world and the failure of politics and society through literature. The theatres of Berlin and Frankfurt am Main were graced with drama by Bertolt Brecht, cabaret, and stage direction by Max Reinhardt and Erwin Piscator. Concert halls and conservatories exhibited the atonal and modern music of Alban Berg, Arnold Schoenberg, and Kurt Weill. Alfred Döblin (August 10, 1878 – June 26, 1957) was a German expressionist novelist, best known for Berlin Alexanderplatz. ... Erich Maria Remarque (June 22, 1898 – September 25, 1970) was the pseudonym of Erich Paul Remark, a German author. ... Luiz (Ludwig) Heinrich Mann (March 27, 1871 – March 12, 1950) wrote German novels with social themes whose attacks on the authoritarian and increasingly militaristic nature of post-Weimar German society led to his exile in 1933. ... For other persons named Thomas Mann, see Thomas Mann (disambiguation). ... This article is about the capital of Germany. ... Frankfurt am Main [ˈfraŋkfʊrt] is the largest city in the German state of Hessen and the fifth largest city of Germany. ... Brecht redirects here. ... Cabaret is a form of entertainment featuring comedy, song, dance, and theatre, distinguished mainly by the performance venue — a restaurant or nightclub with a stage for performances and the audience sitting around the tables (often dining or drinking) watching the performance. ... Max Reinhardt Max Reinhardt (born September 9, 1873 in Baden bei Wien; died October 31, 1943 in New York City) was an influential Austrian director and actor. ... Erwin Friedrich Maximilian Piscator, (December 17, 1893 – March 30, 1966), German theatrical director and producer who, with Bertolt Brecht, was the foremost exponent of epic theater, a genre that emphasizes the sociopolitical context rather than the emotional content or aesthetics of the play. ... Atonality in a general sense describes music that departs from the system of tonal hierarchies that are said to characterized the sound of classical European music from the sixteenth through the nineteenth centuries. ... Modernism in musicis characterized by a desire for or belief in progressand science, surrealism, anti-romanticism, politicaladvocacy, general intellectualism, and/or a breaking with tradition or common practice. ... Bust of Alban Berg at Schiefling, Carinthia, Austria Alban Maria Johannes Berg (February 9, 1885 – December 24, 1935) was an Austrian composer. ... Arnold Schoenberg, Los Angeles, 1948 Arnold Schoenberg (the anglicized form of Schönberg — Schoenberg changed the spelling officially when he left Germany and re-converted to Judaism in 1933), (September 13, 1874 – July 13, 1951) was an Austrian and later American composer. ... Kurt Julian Weill (March 2, 1900 – April 3, 1950), born in Dessau, Germany and died in New York City, was a German and in his later years, a German-American composer active from the 1920s until his death. ...

During the era of the Weimar Republic, Germany became a center of intellectual thought at its medieval universities, and most notably social and political theory (especially Marxism) was combined with Freudian psychoanalysis to form the highly influential discipline of Critical Theory—with its development at the Institute for Social Research (also known as the Frankfurt School) founded at the University of Frankfurt am Main. Sociology (from Latin: socius, companion; and the suffix -ology, the study of, from Greek λόγος, lógos, knowledge) is an academic and applied discipline that studies society and human social interaction. ... Niccolò Machiavelli, ca 1500, became the key figure in realistic political theory, crucial to political science Political Science is the systematic study of the allocation and transfer of power in decision making. ... Marxism is both the theory and the political practice (that is, the praxis) derived from the work of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. ... Sigmund Freud (IPA: ), born Sigismund Schlomo Freud (May 6, 1856 – September 23, 1939), was an Austrian neurologist and psychiatrist who founded the psychoanalytic school of psychology. ... pychoanalysis today comprises several interlocking theories concerning the functioning of the mind; the term also refers to a specific type of treatment where the analyst, upon hearing the thoughts of the analysand (analytic patient), formulates and then explains the unconscious bases for the patients symptoms and character problems. ... In the humanities and social sciences, critical theory has two quite different meanings with different origins and histories, one originating in social theory and the other in literary criticism. ... The Institute for Social Research (German: Institut für Sozialforschung) is a research organization covering topics such as sociology and continental philosophy, best known as the institutional home of the Frankfurt School. ... Max Horkheimer (front left), Theodor Adorno (front right), and Jürgen Habermas in the background, right, in 1965 at Heidelberg The Frankfurt School is a school of neo-Marxist social theory (which is more akin to anarchism than communism), social research, and philosophy. ... I.G.Farben Building at Campus Westend The Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University of Frankfurt am Main (commonly called the University of Frankfurt) was founded in 1914 as a Citizens University, which means that while it was a State university of Prussia, it had been founded and financed by the wealthy...

With the rise of Nazism and the ascension of Adolf Hitler to power in 1933, many German intellectuals and cultural figures fled Germany for Turkey, the United States, the United Kingdom, and other parts of the world. Those who remained behind were often arrested, or detained in concentration camps. The intellectuals associated with the Institute for Social Research (also known as the Frankfurt School) fled to the United States and reestablished the Institute at the New School for Social Research in New York City. Nazism, or National Socialism (German: Nationalsozialismus), refers primarily to the totalitarian ideology and practices of the Nazi Party (National Socialist German Workers Party, German: Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei or NSDAP) under Adolf Hitler. ... Hitler redirects here. ... Year 1933 (MCMXXXIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... A concentration camp is a large detention centre created for political opponents, aliens, specific ethnic or religious groups, civilians of a critical war-zone, or other groups of people, often during a war. ... The Institute for Social Research (German: Institut für Sozialforschung) is a research organization covering topics such as sociology and continental philosophy, best known as the institutional home of the Frankfurt School. ... Max Horkheimer (front left), Theodor Adorno (front right), and Jürgen Habermas in the background, right, in 1965 at Heidelberg The Frankfurt School is a school of neo-Marxist social theory (which is more akin to anarchism than communism), social research, and philosophy. ... New York, New York and NYC redirect here. ...

In the words of Marcus Bullock,professor of English at UW-Milwaukee, "Remarkable for the way it emerged from a catastrophe, more remarkable for the way it vanished into a still greater catastrophe, the world of Weimar represents modernism in its most vivid manifestation." For Christian theological modernism, see Liberal Christianity and Modernism (Roman Catholicism). ...

Notable Cultural Figures of the Weimar Era

Art

• Ernst Barlach – sculptor
• Max Beckmann – painter, printmaker
• Otto Dix – painter
• Max Ernst – painter
• Conrad Felixmueller – painter
• George Grosz – painter
• John Heartfield – photomontage artist
• Erich Heckel – painter
• Herbert Bayer – painter and designer
• Käthe Kollwitz – printmaker, sculptor, artist
• Wassily Kandinsky – painter
• Ernst Ludwig Kirchner – painter
• Paul Klee – painter
• Gerhard Marcks – sculptor, woodcuts, lithographer, ceramics
• Otto Mueller – painter
• Gabriele Munter – painter
• Emil Nolde – painter
• Max Pechstein – painter
• Karl Schmidt-Rottluff – painter
• Kurt Schwitters – painter
• Hannah Höch – photomontage artist

The young Ernst Barlach Ernst Barlach, (born January 2, 1870 in Wedel, Pinneberg, Germany; died October 24, 1938 in Rostock, Germany) was a famous German expressionist sculptor. ... Max Beckmann (February 12, 1884 – December 28, 1950) was a German painter, draftsman, printmaker, sculptor, and writer. ... Otto Dix (December 2, 1891 - July 25, 1969) was a German painter and printmaker. ... Max Ernst and Dorothea Tanning in 1948. ... George Grosz (July 26, 1893 – July 6, 1959) was a prominent member of the Berlin Dada and New Objectivity group, known especially for his savagely caricatural drawings of Berlin life in the 1920s. ... Self-portrait, 1920 Grave of John Heartfield in Berlin John Heartfield (June 19, 1891–April 26, 1968) is the anglicized name of the German photomontage artist Helmut Herzfeld. ... Erich Heckel (July 31, 1883 - January 27, 1970) was a German painter and printmaker, and a founding member of the Die Brücke group (The Bridge) which existed 1905-1913. ... Herbert Bayers 1925 experimental universal typeface combined upper and lowercase characters into a single character set. ... Käthe Schmidt Kollwitz (July 8, 1867 - April 22, 1945) was a German painter, printmaker, and sculptor whose work offered an eloquent and often searing account of the human condition in the first half of the 20th century. ... Wassily Kandinsky (Russian: Василий Кандинский, first name pronounced as [vassi:li]) (December 16 [O.S. December 4] 1866 – December 13, 1944) was a Russian painter, printmaker and art theorist. ... Ernst Ludwig Kirchner (May 6, 1880 – June 15, 1938) was a German expressionist painter and one of the founders of the artists group Die Brücke or The Bridge. ... “Klee” redirects here. ... Gerhard Marcks (born 18 February 1889 in Berlin, died 13 November 1981 in Burgbrohl, Eifel) was a German sculptor, famous for his woodcuts, drawings, lithographs and ceramics. ... Two Girls in the Wood, 1920-25 Otto Mueller (October 16, 1874 - September 24, 1930) was a German painter and printmaker of the expressionist movement. ... Gabriele Münter was a German painter who lived from 1877 to 1962. ... Maskenstilleben (Masks Still Life), watercolor on paper, 1911. ... Max Hermann Pechstein (1881-1955) was a German expressionist painter and graphic artist, born in Zwickau. ... Karl Schmidt-Rottluff (* December 1 1884 in Rottluff - August 10 1976 in Berlin) was a German painter of the expressionism. ... Kurt Schwitters (June 20, 1887 - January 8, 1948) was a German painter who was born in Hannover, Germany. ... Hannah Höch (November 1, 1889 - May 31, 1978) was a famous Dada artist born in Gotha, Germany. ...

Architecture

• Peter Behrens – architect
• Walter Gropius – architect, founder of the Bauhaus
• Hugo Häring – architect
• Margarete Schütte-Lihotzky – the first female architect in Austria and designer of the Frankfurt kitchen
• Ernst May – architect
• Erich Mendelsohn – architect
• Adolf Meyer – architect
• Hans Poelzig – architect
• Bruno Taut – architect and city planner
• Mies van der Rohe – architect

Peter Behrens (April 14, 1868–February 27, 1940) was a German architect and designer. ... Walter Adolph Georg Gropius (May 18, 1883 – July 5, 1969) was a German architect and founder of Bauhaus. ... For the British gothic rock band, see Bauhaus (band). ... Hugo Häring (May 11, 1882 – May 17, 1958) was a German architect and architectural writer best known for his writings on organic architecture, and as a figure in architectural debates about functionalism in the 1920s and 1930s. ... Margarete Schütte-Lihotzky (January 23, 1897 – January 18, 2000) was the first female Austrian architect and an activist in the anti-Nazi resistance movement. ... The Frankfurt kitchen (view from the entrance) The Frankfurt kitchen was a milestone in domestic architecture, considered the fore-runner of modern built-in kitchens, for it realised for the first time a kitchen built after a unified concept, designed to enable efficient work and to be built at low... Ernst May (July 27, 1886, Frankfurt am Main—September 11, 1970, Hamburg) was a German architect and city planner. ... Translation in progress Erich Mendelsohn (21 March 1887 – 15 September 1953) was a German Jewish architect, known for his expressionist buildings in the 1920s, the first in their style. ... Adolf Meyer (1881 – 1929) was a German architect. ... Hans Poelzig (30 April 1869 Berlin – June 14, 1936 Berlin) was a German architect, painter and set designer active in the Weimar years. ... Bruno Julius Florian Taut (May 4, 1880, Konigsberg, Germany - December 24, 1938, Istanbul), was a prolific German architect, urban planner and author active in the Weimar period. ... Ludwig Mies van der Rohe (born Maria Ludwig Michael Mies) (March 27, 1886 - August 17, 1969) was an architect and designer. ...

Literature

• Gottfried Benn – poet
• Bertolt Brecht – playwright (The Threepenny Opera)
• Alfred Döblin – novelist (Berlin Alexanderplatz)
• Stefan George – poet (The New Empire)
• Hermann Hesse – novelist (Siddhartha)
• Christopher Isherwood – novelist
• Ernst Jünger – novelist (The Storm of Steel)
• Heinrich Mann – novelist (Der Untertan)
• Klaus Mann – novelist
• Thomas Mann – novelist (Death in Venice)
• Erich Mühsam – poet, playwright, anarchist
• Erich Maria Remarque – novelist (All Quiet on the Western Front)
• Anna Seghers – novelist
• Kurt Tucholsky – satirist

Gottfried Benn (May 2, 1886 – July 7, 1956) was a German essayist, novelist and expressionist poet. ... Brecht redirects here. ... Alfred Döblin (August 10, 1878 – June 26, 1957) was a German expressionist novelist, best known for Berlin Alexanderplatz. ... Stefan George (1910) Stefan George (Bingen, Hesse, July 12, 1868 – Locarno, December 4, 1933) was a German poet and translator. ... Hermann Hesse (pronounced ) (2 July 1877 – 9 August 1962) was a Swiss-German poet, novelist, and painter. ... Christopher Isherwood (left) and W.H. Auden (right), photographed by Carl Van Vechten, 1939 Christopher Isherwood (prior to 1946 Christopher William Bradshaw-Isherwood) (August 26, 1904 – January 4, 1986), Anglo-American novelist, was born in the ancestral seat of his family, Wybersley Hall, High Lane, in the north west of... Ernst Jünger Ernst Jünger, (March 29, 1895 – February 17, 1998) was a German author of novels and accounts of his war experiences. ... Luiz (Ludwig) Heinrich Mann (March 27, 1871 – March 12, 1950) wrote German novels with social themes whose attacks on the authoritarian and increasingly militaristic nature of post-Weimar German society led to his exile in 1933. ... Klaus Mann at 12 years old. ... For other persons named Thomas Mann, see Thomas Mann (disambiguation). ... Erich Mühsam (1878-1934) Erich Mühsam (6 April 1878 in Berlin, Germany – 10 July 1934 Oranienburg Concentration Camp) (also spelled Muehsam or Muhsam) was an German-Jewish anarchist, writer, poet, dramatist and cabaret performer. ... Erich Maria Remarque (June 22, 1898 – September 25, 1970) was the pseudonym of Erich Paul Remark, a German author. ... Anna Seghers (November 19, 1900 - June 1, German writer who was born in Mainz and died in Berlin. ... Kurt Tucholsky Kurt Tucholsky (January 9, 1890 – December 21, 1935) was a German journalist, satirist and writer. ...

Music

• Alban Berg – composer (Wozzeck)
• Paul Hindemith – composer, violist (Mathis der Maler)
• Otto Klemperer – conductor and composer
• Arnold Schoenberg – composer (Transfigured Night)
• Anton Webern – composer
• Kurt Weill – composer (The Threepenny Opera)

Bust of Alban Berg at Schiefling, Carinthia, Austria Alban Maria Johannes Berg (February 9, 1885 – December 24, 1935) was an Austrian composer. ... Paul Hindemith aged 28. ... Otto Klemperer (May 14, 1885 – July 6, 1973) was a German-born conductor and composer. ... Arnold Schoenberg, Los Angeles, 1948 Arnold Schoenberg (the anglicized form of Schönberg — Schoenberg changed the spelling officially when he left Germany and re-converted to Judaism in 1933), (September 13, 1874 – July 13, 1951) was an Austrian and later American composer. ... Anton Webern (December 3, 1883 – September 15, 1945) was an Austrian composer and conductor. ... Kurt Julian Weill (March 2, 1900 – April 3, 1950), born in Dessau, Germany and died in New York City, was a German and in his later years, a German-American composer active from the 1920s until his death. ...

Philosophy and Theory

• Theodor W. Adorno – critical theorist
• Walter Benjamin – critical theorist
• Martin Buber – philosopher (I and Thou)
• Martin Heidegger – philosopher (Being and Time)
• Max Horkheimer – critical theorist
• Max Weber – political theorist

Theodor Ludwig Wiesengrund Adorno (September 11, 1903 – August 6, 1969) was a German sociologist, philosopher, pianist, musicologist, and composer. ... Walter Bendix Schönflies Benjamin (July 15, 1892 – September 27, 1940) was a German Marxist literary critic, essayist, translator, and philosopher. ... Martin Buber (8 February 1878 – 13 June 1965) was an Austrian-Israeli-Jewish philosopher, translator, and educator, whose work centered on theistic ideals of religious consciousness, interpersonal relations, and community. ... Martin Heidegger (September 26, 1889 – May 26, 1976) (pronounced ) was a highly influential German philosopher. ... Max Horkheimer (front left), Theodor Adorno (front right), and Jürgen Habermas in the background, right, in 1965 at Heidelberg Max Horkheimer (February 14, 1895 – July 7, 1973) was a Jewish-German philosopher and sociologist, known especially as the founder and guiding thinker of the Frankfurt School of critical theory. ... For the politician, see Max Weber (politician). ...

Science

• Max Born – physicist, founder of quantum mechanics
• Albert Einstein – physicist
• Werner Heisenberg – physicist, founder of quantum mechanics
• Pascual Jordan – physicist, founder of quantum mechanics

Max Born (December 11, 1882 in Breslau – January 5, 1970 in Göttingen) was a mathematician and physicist. ... For a less technical and generally accessible introduction to the topic, see Introduction to quantum mechanics. ... “Einstein” redirects here. ... Werner Karl Heisenberg (December 5, 1901 – February 1, 1976) was a celebrated German physicist and Nobel laureate, one of the founders of quantum mechanics and acknowledged to be one of the most important physicists of the twentieth century. ... For a less technical and generally accessible introduction to the topic, see Introduction to quantum mechanics. ... Pascual Jordan (October 18, 1902 in Hanover - July 31, 1980 in Hamburg) was a German physicist. ... For a less technical and generally accessible introduction to the topic, see Introduction to quantum mechanics. ...

Theater and Film

• Marlene Dietrich – actress
• Arnold Fanck – director, producer and editor of Mountain films
• Greta Garbo – actress
• Brigitte Helm – actress
• Erika Mann – theatre producer, playwright, journalist, cabaret and film actress.
• Friedrich Wilhelm Murnau – filmmaker (Nosferatu)
• Pola Negri – actress
• Leni Riefenstahl – controversial dancer, actress, and film director (directed many technically acclaimed films including several infamous NAZI propaganda films)
• Max Reinhardt – theatre producer
• Lotte Reiniger – pioneering animator
• Fritz Lang – filmmaker (Metropolis)
• Ernst Lubitsch – film director
• Erwin Piscator – theatre and film producer
• Hans Richter – filmmaker, actor, writer
• Leontine Sagan – actress and filmmaker Mädchen in Uniform (1931)
• Josef von Sternberg – filmmaker The Salvation Hunters (1925), The Blue Angel (1930)
• F.W. Murnau – director "The Last Laugh" or "The Last Man" (1925)
• Walther Ruttman – director "Opus series", "Berlin: Symphony of a Great City"
• Conrad Veidt – actor
• Anita Berber – actress

Marlene Dietrich IPA: ; (December 27, 1901 – May 6, 1992) was a German-born American actress, singer, and entertainer. ... Arnold Fanck (born 6 March 1889 in Frankenthal, Germany; died 28 September 1974 in Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany) was a pioneer of the German mountain film. ... A mountain film is a film genre that focuses on mountaineering and especially the battle of man against nature. ... Greta Garbo (September 18, 1905 – April 15, 1990) was a Swedish-born actress during Hollywoods silent film period and part of its Golden Age. ... Brigitte Helm in Metropolis Brigitte Helm (March 17, 1908 – June 11, 1996) was a German actress. ... Erika Mann Erika Julia Hedwig Mann (November 9, 1905 – August 27, 1969) was the eldest daughter of novelist Thomas Mann and Katia Mann. ... F. W. Murnau. ... Pola Negri Pola Negri [1] (December 31, 1894 - August 1, 1987) was a Polish film actress who achieved notoriety as a femme fatale in silent films between 1910s and 1930s. ... Helene Bertha Amalie Leni Riefenstahl (August 22, 1902 – September 8, 2003) was a German film director, dancer and actress, and widely noted for her aesthetics and advances in film technique. ... Max Reinhardt Max Reinhardt (born September 9, 1873 in Baden bei Wien; died October 31, 1943 in New York City) was an influential Austrian director and actor. ... Charlotte Reiniger (June 2, 1899 - June 19, 1981) was a German and later British silhouette animator. ... Friedrich Christian Anton Fritz Lang (December 5, 1890 – August 2, 1976) was an Austrian-German-American film director, screenwriter and occasional film producer, one of the best known émigrés from Germanys school of expressionism. ... Ernst Lubitsch (January 28, 1892 – November 30, 1947), was a German-born Jewish film director. ... Erwin Friedrich Maximilian Piscator, (December 17, 1893 – March 30, 1966), German theatrical director and producer who, with Bertolt Brecht, was the foremost exponent of epic theater, a genre that emphasizes the sociopolitical context rather than the emotional content or aesthetics of the play. ... This article does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Leontine Sagan (born Leontine Schlesinger, 1889 in Vienna, Austria , died 1974 in South Africa) was a German actress. ... Josef von Sternberg (29 May 1894 – 22 December 1969) was an Austrian-American film director. ... F W Murnau Friedrich Wilhelm Murnau (December 28, 1888 – March 11, 1931) was one of the most influential directors of the silent film era. ... Conrad Veidt in The Spy in Black (1939). ... Anita Berber (1899-1928) was a German dancer, actress, writer, and prostitute during the Weimar period. ...

Intellectuals

• Erich Fromm – psychologist and philosopher
• Sigmund Freud – psychoanalyst
• Carl Jung – psychoanalyst
• Siegfried Kracauer
• Franz Oppenheimer – sociologist and political economist

Erich Fromm Erich Pinchas Fromm (March 23, 1900 – March 18, 1980) was an internationally renowned Jewish-German-American social psychologist, psychoanalyst, and humanistic philosopher. ... Sigmund Freud (IPA: ), born Sigismund Schlomo Freud (May 6, 1856 – September 23, 1939), was an Austrian neurologist and psychiatrist who founded the psychoanalytic school of psychology. ... “Jung” redirects here. ... Siegfried Kracauer (February 8, 1889, Frankfurt am Main, Germany – November 26, 1966, New York) was a German-American writer, journalist, sociologist, and cultural critic, particularly of media such as film, as well as the urban form. ... Franz Oppenheimer Franz Oppenheimer (born 30 March 1864 in Berlin; died 30 September 1943 in Los Angeles) was a German sociologist and political economist, who also in the area of the fundamental sociology of the state. ...

See also

• 1920s Berlin
• Aftermath of World War I
• Bauhaus
• Cabaret
• Cinema of Germany
• Critical Theory
• Culture of Germany
• Dada
• Degenerate art
• Expressionism
• Frankfurt School
• Futurism
• Germany
• German Expressionism
• Gleichschaltung
• Glitter and Doom - Exhibit of Art in the Weimar Rebpulic
• Glossary of the Weimar Republic
• History of Germany
• Kultur
• Literature of World War I
• Lost Generation
• Modernism
• Nazi Germany
• New Objectivity
• Post-WWI recession
• Post-expressionism
• Surrealism
• Weimar Republic
• Weimar Timeline
• World War I