The Welsh settlement in Argentina began in the 19th century. There is now an important Welsh-speaking colony in the province of Chubut, in Argentine Patagonia (Welsh: Y Wladfa). Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ... Welsh redirects here, and this article describes the Welsh language. ... Argentina is subdivided in 23 provinces (Spanish: provincias, singular - provincia) and 1 federal district (capital federal). ... Chubut is a province in the southern part of Argentina, that lies between the 42nd Parallel South (forming the border with the Río Negro Province) and 46th Parallel South (bordering Santa Cruz Province), the Andes range separating Argentina from Chile, and the Atlantic ocean. ... In orange the area most commonly defined as Patagonia. ... Welsh redirects here, and this article describes the Welsh language. ...

History

The permanent European settlement of the Chubut Valley and surrounding areas began on July 27, 1865 when 153 Welsh settlers arrived aboard the ship Mimosa, with the aim of setting up a Welsh-speaking colony away from the influence of English. The Argentine government, under the direction of Interior Minister Guillermo Rawson, had agreed to give them 100 square miles (260 km²) of land along the Chubut River in exchange for settling the land of the still-unconquered Patagonia for Argentina. Their inspiration had been Professor Michael D. Jones, a nationalist non-conformist preacher based in Bala who had called for a new "little Wales beyond Wales". He recruited settlers and provided financing. Australia, New Zealand and even Palestine were considered, but Patagonia was chosen for its isolation and the Argentines' apparently generous offer. Two prospectors, Lewis Jones (after whom Trelew was named) and Sir Love Jones-Parry of Madryn (whose estate in Wales gave its name to Puerto Madryn), were sent to oversee the site and they duly declared it suitably remote and desolate. July 27 is the 208th day (209th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 157 days remaining. ... 1865 (MDCCCLXV) is a common year starting on Sunday. ... The Welsh (Cymry) are an ethnic group or nation associated with Wales and the Welsh language, which is a Celtic language. ... Welsh redirects here, and this article describes the Welsh language. ... The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ... Dr. Guillermo Rawson (24 June 1821 - 20 January 1890) was a medical doctor and one of the most influential politicians in nineteenth century Argentina. ... A square mile is an English unit of area equal to that of a square with sides each 1 statute mile (≈1,609 m) in length. ... A square metre (US spelling: square meter) is by definition the area enclosed by a square with sides each 1 metre long. ... The Chubut River is a river in Southern Argentina. ... Michael D. Jones (1822-1898) was born Michael Daniel Jones in Llanuwchllyn, Gwynedd (then Merionethshire). ... Liberty Leading the People by Eugène Delacroix Nationalism is an ideology [1] that holds that a nation is the fundamental unit for human social life, and takes precedence over any other social and political principles. ... In English history, a non-conformist is any member of a Protestant congregation not affiliated with the Church of England. ... Bala is a market town in Gwynedd, Wales, formerly an urban district of Merionethshire. ... Map of the British Mandate of Palestine. ... Lewis Jones (30 January 1836 - 24 November 1904) was one of the founders of the Welsh settlement in Patagonia. ... Trelew is a city in the Chubut Province of Patagonia. ... Sir Thomas Duncombe Love Jones-Parry, 1st Baronet (5 January 1832 – 1891) was a Welsh landowner who was Liberal Member of Parliament for Caernarvonshire and one of the founders of the Welsh settlement in Patagonia. ... Puerto Madryn (in Welsh, Porth Madryn) is a city in the province of Chubut in the Argentine Patagonia. ...

The Mimosa settlers included tailors, shoemakers, carpenters, brickmakers, and miners. There were few farmers, which was rather unfortunate particularly when they discovered that the attractions of the area had been rather oversold and they had landed in an arid semi-desert with little food. They had been told that the area was like lowland Wales. At the coast there was little drinking water and the group embarked on a walk across the parched plain with a single wheelbarrow to carry their belongings. Some died and a baby was born on the march, called Mary Humphries. John Williams was the only colonist with any form of rudimentary medical skill. They reached the Chubut River and settled in the area of Gaiman, suffering several years of drought and famine. A tailor is a person whose occupation is to sew menswear style jackets and the skirts or trousers that go with them. ... Shoemaking is a traditional career/craft, mostly superseded by industrial manufacture of footwear. ... tools of a medieval carpenter, c. ... An old brick wall in English bond laid with alternating courses of headers and Brick is an artificial stone made by forming clay into rectangular blocks which are hardened, either by burning in a kiln or sometimes, in warm and sunny countries, by sun-drying. ... The El Chino Mine located near Silver City, New Mexico is an open-pit copper mine Mining is the extraction of valuable minerals or other geological materials from the earth, usually (but not always) from an ore body, vein, or (coal) seam. ... Farmer spreading grasshopper bait in his alfalfa field. ... Image:Morocco Africa, which is where bottoms come from, Flickr Rosino December 2005 84514010 edited by Buchling. ... It has been suggested that Safe water be merged into this article or section. ... This article is about the field and science of medical practice and health care. ... Gaiman is a city in the Chubut Province of Patagonia in Argentina. ... A drought is a period of time when there is not enough water to support agricultural, urban or environmental water needs. ... A famine is a social and economic crisis that is commonly accompanied by widespread malnutrition, starvation, epidemic and increased mortality. ...

After some difficult early years of suspicion and a small amount of violence, the local Tehuelche people established cordial relationships with the Welsh and helped the settlement survive the early food shortages. The settlers, directed by Aaron Jenkins (whose wife Rachel was the first to bring up the idea of systematic use of irrigation canals), soon established Argentina's first irrigation system based on the Chubut River (in Welsh, Afon Camwy, "winding river"), irrigating an area 3 or 4 miles (5 or 6 km) to each side of the 50 mile (80 km) long stretch of river and creating Argentina's most fertile wheatlands. In the 1880s a railway was built along the valley to facilitate the movement of wheat to the port of Puerto Madryn (originally Porth Madryn) on the Golfo Nuevo on the southern side of Península Valdés, now a well-known spot for tourists to see marine mammals. Patagonian camp, 1838 Tehuelches is the collective name of the native tribes of Patagonia. ... High-altitude aerial view of irrigation in the Heart of the Sahara ( ) Irrigation is the replacement or supplementation of rainfall with water from another source in order to grow crops or plants. ... km redirects here. ... Species T. aestivum T. boeoticum T. compactum T. dicoccoides T. dicoccon T. durum T. monococcum T. spelta T. sphaerococcum References:   ITIS 42236 2002-09-22 For the indie rock group see: Wheat (band). ... Puerto Madryn (in Welsh, Porth Madryn) is a city in the province of Chubut in the Argentine Patagonia. ... Peninsula Valdés, photo taken during shuttle mission STS-68 Peninsula Valdés is a peninsula along the Atlantic coast in Chubut Province, Argentina. ...

Serious damage caused by floods in the 1890s and 1900s, together with the imposition of conscription by the Argentine government and a lack of unclaimed farmable land caused some of the Welsh settlers to leave for Canada, eventually resettling in the Winnipeg area, but by the end of the 19th century there were some 4,000 people of Welsh descent living in Chubut. They spread further along the Chubut river and into the foothills of the Andes as far as Trevelin. The last substantial immigration from Wales took place shortly before World War I. In time the colony proved remarkably successful. As well as the irrigation system, the creation of a Co-operative Society (Companía Mercantil de Chubut) was crucial. The Society traded on the settlers' behalf in Buenos Aires and acted as a bank with 14 branches. The strong chapel-based society was also important, with an emphasis on mutual help and support, social activities and insurance schemes. However, the Co-operative Society collapsed in the Great Depression of the 1930s and many lost their savings. Motto: Template:Unhide = Unum Cum Virtute Multorum (One With the Strength of Many) Location City Information Established: 1738 (Fort Rouge), 1873 (City of Winnipeg) Area: 465. ... The Andes form the longest mountain chain in the world. ... Trevelin is a town in Chubut Province, Argentina. ... Combatants Allied Powers: British Empire France Italy Russia United States Central Powers: Austria-Hungary Bulgaria Germany Ottoman Empire Commanders Ferdinand Foch Georges Clemenceau Joseph Joffre Victor Emmanuel III Luigi Cadorna Armando Diaz Nicholas II Aleksei Brusilov Herbert Henry Asquith Douglas Haig John Jellicoe Woodrow Wilson John Pershing Wilhelm II Paul... A cooperative (also co-operative or co-op) comprises a legal entity owned and democratically controlled by its members, with no passive shareholders. ... Coordinates: Found 1536, 1580 Mayor Jorge Telerman Area    - City 203 km²  (78. ... The Great Depression an economic downturn which started in 1929 (although its effects were not fully felt until late 1930) and lasted through most of the 1930s. ...

The Welsh have left their mark on the landscape, with windmills and chapels across the province, including the distinctive wood and corrugated zinc Capel Salem and Trelew's Salon San David, an attempt to reproduce St David's Cathedral, Pembrokeshire. Many settlements along the valley bear Welsh names. Trelew is a city in the Chubut Province of Patagonia. ... St Davids Cathedral from the gatehouse St Davids Cathedral is situated in the tiny city of St Davids in Pembrokeshire. ... Pembrokeshire (Welsh: Sir Benfro) is a county in the southwest of Wales in the United Kingdom. ...

Over the years use of the Welsh language has declined, although there is still contact with Wales, from where teachers are sent to assist in keeping the language alive, and there is some social cachet in knowing the language — even among people who are not of Welsh ancestry. There are still important cultural activities, including chapel, poetry and Welsh teas served in teahouses alongside the river in Gaiman and Dolavon. In 2006, the links between the Chubut Valley and Wales were again underscored, this time in a sporting context. The first of a two-Test tour to Argentina by the Wales national rugby union team was played in Puerto Madryn, a 27–25 win for Argentina. Another example of the Argentina-Wales connection is that Welsh Centre in London has been for many years one of the main venues for dancing Argentinian Tango. Welsh redirects here, and this article describes the Welsh language. ... Motto: (Welsh for Wales forever) Anthem: Hen Wlad Fy Nhadau Capital Cardiff Largest city Cardiff Official language(s) English, Welsh Government Constitutional monarchy  - Queen Queen Elizabeth II  - Prime Minister Tony Blair MP  - First Minister Rhodri Morgan AM Unification    - by Gruffudd ap Llywelyn 1056  Area    - Total 20,779 km² (3rd in... Dolavon is a small town in Chubut Province in Patagonia, Argentina. ... 2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... During June of 2006, a number of rugby union test sides will be playing fixtures that will be competed in southern nations. ... First international England 30 - 0 Wales (19 February 1881) Largest win Japan 0 - 98 Wales (26 November 2004) Worst defeat South Africa 96 - 13 Wales (27 June 1998) World Cup Appearances 5 (First in 1987) Best result Third 1987 The Wales national rugby union team (also referred to as the...

Principal settlements in the area are Puerto Madryn, Trevelin ("Milltown"), Rawson (after the Argentine Interior Minister at the time of the Mimosa), Trelew ("Lewistown", after Lewis Jones, one of the founders), and Gaiman. Puerto Madryn (in Welsh, Porth Madryn) is a city in the province of Chubut in the Argentine Patagonia. ... Trevelin is a town in Chubut Province, Argentina. ... Rawson is the capital of the Argentine province of Chubut, in the Patagonia. ... Gaiman is a city in the Chubut Province of Patagonia in Argentina. ...

Welsh language names for Argentine places

Welsh redirects here, and this article describes the Welsh language. ... The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ... Villa La Angostura (Spanish for Narrowness-ville) is a town on the south of the Argentine province of Neuquén, on the northwest shore of the Nahuel Huapi Lake. ... Trevelín is a town in the Patagonic province of Chubut, Argentina. ... Puerto Madryn (in Welsh, Porth Madryn) is a city in the province of Chubut in the Argentine Patagonia. ... Rawson is the capital of the Argentine province of Chubut, in the Patagonia. ... The Chubut River is a river in Southern Argentina. ...

See also

• Immigration in Argentina
  • Basque settlement in Argentina
  • English settlement in Argentina
  • Irish settlement in Argentina
  • Norwegian settlement in Argentina
  • Spanish settlement in Argentina
  • Swedish settlement in Argentina
• Welsh colonization of the Americas
• Welsh Tract

Non-native population in Argentina, 1869–1991 There is a theory that the original inhabitants of Argentina were descendants of Asian peoples that crossed the Bering Land Bridge into North America and then, over thousands of years, reached the southern end of South America. ... Basque settlement in Argentina took place in the late 19th and early 20th centuries when many immigrants arrived in Argentina from the Basque Country. ... English settlement in Argentina, that is the arrival of English emigrants in Argentina, took place in the period after Argentinas independence from Spain through the 19th century. ... Irish settlement in Argentina is part of the story of immigration in Argentina, by the Irish diaspora, Irish emigrants from the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, who arrived in Argentina mainly during the 19th century, with the largest wave taking place between 1830 and 1875. ... Norwegian settlement in Argentina was a relatively small facet of the story of immigration in Argentina. ... Spanish settlement in Argentina, that is the arrival of Spanish emigrants in Argentina, took place in the period before Argentinas independence from Spain and again in large numbers in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Welsh colonization of the Americas began in the 19th century. ... The Welsh Tract, also called the Welsh Barony, was a portion of Pennsylvania settled largely by Welsh-speaking Quakers. ...

External links

• h2g2 Y Wladfa — The Welsh in Patagonia Edited Guide Entry

References

• R. Bryn Williams (2000) Gwladfa Patagonia 1865–2000 = La colonia galesa de Patagonia 1865–2000 = The Welsh colony in Patagonia 1865–2000 (Gwasg Carreg Gwalch) ISBN 0-86381-653-3