Wendy Lee Gramm (born 1945) is chairman of the Regulatory Studies Program at George Mason University's Mercatus Center, a free-market think tank based in Washington D.C. She is also the wife of former United States Senator Phil Gramm. 1945 (MCMVL) was a common year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1945 calendar). ... George Mason University, GMU, or Mason is a Public University in the United States. ... The Mercatus Center at George Mason University is a research, education, and outreach organization that works with scholars, policy experts, and government officials to connect academic learning and real world practice. ... William Philip Phil Gramm (born July 8, 1942, in Fort Benning, Georgia) served as a Democratic Congressman (1978-1983), a Republican Congressman (1983-1985) and a Republican Senator from Texas (1985-2002). ...

Wendy Lee Gramm was born in Hawaii and is of Korean and Hawaiian ancestry. She received a B.A. degree in economics from Wellesley College in 1966 and a Ph. D. in economics from Northwestern University in 1971. This article is becoming very long. ... In April of 1990, Daniel K. Akaka became the first native Hawaiian and Chinese American to serve in the United States Congress as a Senator from the State of Hawaii. ... Face-to-face trading interactions among on the New York Stock Exchange trading floor In the social sciences, economics is the study of human choice behavior and how it effects the production, distribution, and consumption of scarce resources. ... Wellesley College is a womens liberal arts college that opened in 1875, founded by Henry Fowle Durant and his wife Pauline Fowle Durant. ... 1966 (MCMLXVI) was a common year starting on Saturday (the link is to a full 1966 calendar). ... Northwestern University is a private, coeducational, non-sectarian research university, located in Evanston and Chicago, Illinois, U.S.. Northwesterns main campus is a 240-acre (970,000 m²) parcel in Evanston, along the shore of Lake Michigan. ... 1971 (MCMLXXI) was a common year starting on Friday (the link is to a full 1971 calendar). ...

In her role at the Mercatus Center, Wendy Gramm generally calls for deregulation of the energy industry.

Previously, Wendy Gramm held several positions in the Reagan Administration, including heading the Commodity Futures Trading Commissionfrom 1988 to 1993. After a heavy lobbying campaign from Enron, the CFTC exempted it from regulation in trading of energy derivatives. Subsequently, Gramm resigned from the CFTC and took a seat on the Enron Board of Directors, where she was paid 1.85 million dollars. This lack of CFTC oversight may have contributed to Enron's widely publicized accounting scandal. While on the board of directors she received donations from Enron to support the Mercatus Center. After the implosion of Enron, Gramm and the other directors where named in several investor lawsuits, many of which have been settle for large sums. In particular, Gramm and other Enron directors agreed to an $168 million dollar settlement in a suit led by the University of California. As part of that settlement, she and 9 other director agreed to collectively pay $13 million to to settle claims of insider trading. The remainder of the settlement was to be paid by insurance. President Reagan, with his Cabinet and staff, in the Oval Office (February 4, 1981) Headed by U.S. President Ronald Reagan from 1981 to 1989, the Reagan Administration was conservative, steadfastly anti-Communist and in favor of tax cuts and smaller government. ... The Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) is an independent agency of the United States Government, created by Congress in 1974. ... 1988 (MCMLXXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1993 (MCMXCIII) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar and marked the Beginning of the International Decade to Combat Racism and Racial Discrimination (1993-2003). ... Enron Corporation was an American energy company based in Houston, Texas, United States. ... The Mercatus Center at George Mason University is a research, education, and outreach organization that works with scholars, policy experts, and government officials to connect academic learning and real world practice. ... The University of California (UC) is a public university system in the state of California. ...

From 1985 to 1988, Gramm was head of the Office of Management and Budget's Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs (OIRA). In 2002, OIRA solicited public recommendations for regulatory reform. Mercatus made 44 recommendations. 1985 (MCMLXXXV) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1988 (MCMLXXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Office of Management and Budget (OMB) is a body within the Executive Office of the President of the United States which is tasked with coordinating United States Federal agencies. ... The Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs (OIRA), is an office of the United States Government that Congress established in the 1980 Paperwork Reduction Act (44 U.S.C. Chapter 35 Subchapter I). ... For album titles with the same name, see 2002 (album). ...

Gramm also serves as chair of the Texas Public Policy Foundation and a director of the Independent Women's Forum, a conservative women's group. She has sat on the boards of Enron Corporation, Iowa Beef Processors, Invesco Funds, Longitude, the Chicago Mercantile Exchange, and State Farm Insurance Companies. The Texas Public Policy Foundation (TPPF), a conservative think tank based in Austin, Texas, has in recent years become influential in Texas politics. ... The Independent Womens Forum (IWF) is an organization that, according to its website, was was established to combat the women-as-victim, pro-big-government ideology of radical feminism. ... Enron Corporation was an energy company based in Houston, Texas. ... IBP, Inc. ... President George W. Bush at the CME (March 6, 2001). ... State Farm Insurance Companies are a group of large US insurance and financial services companies started in 1922 by former farmer George J. Mecherle (pronounced Ma-herl). ...

Her son, Jeff, heads the indie-rock outfit Aden.

Ronald Reagan called her "My favorite economist." Ronald Wilson Reagan (February 6, 1911 – June 5, 2004) was the 40th President of the United States (1981–1989), and the 33rd Governor of California (1967–1975). ...

References

• Wendy Gramm, Mercatus Center
• Wendy Gramm at NNDB
• Article about Gramm from goldsea.com
• Critical report on Wendy Gramm from the Clean Air Trust, January 2002
• UC press release on Enron settlement
• Where are Enron's directors now? - AFP, 22 October 2006
• Wendy Lee Gramm at SourceWatch

This article uses content from the SourceWatch article on Wendy Lee Gramm under the terms of the GFDL.