Weng Tonghe (翁同龢, 1830—1904). Chinese Confucian scholar and imperial tutor during the Qing dynasty. In 1856, he was awarded the highest degree in the imperial examinations and he subsequently became a member of the prestigious Hanlin Academy. When the Tongzhi emperor was in his minority, Weng was appointed imperial tutor and after the demise of the emperor, he became tutor of the Guangxu emperor as well. Concurrently with his duties as imperial tutor, he also held a number of prominent positions in the Qing government and he served on the Grand Council 1882-84. He is famous for having recommended the radical Confucian reformer Kang Youwei to the Guangxu emperor. The Qing Dynasty (Manchu: daicing gurun; Chinese: 清朝; pinyin: qīng cháo; Wade-Giles: ching chao), sometimes known as the Manchu Dynasty, was founded by the Manchu clan Aisin Gioro, in what is today northeast China expanded into China proper and the surrounding territories of... The imperial examinations (Chinese: 科舉; Pinyin: ) in dynastic China determined positions in the civil service based on merit and education, which promoted upward mobility among the population for centuries. ... The Hanlin Academy (翰林院) was founded in China in the 8th century. ... The Tongzhi Emperor (April 27, 1856–January 12, 1875) was the ninth emperor of the Manchu Qing dynasty, and the eigth Qing emperor to rule over China, from 1861 to 1875. ... The Guangxu Emperor (August 14, 1871–November 14, 1908), born Zaitian(載湉), was the tenth emperor of the Manchu Qing dynasty, and the ninth Qing emperor to rule over China, from 1875 to 1908. ... The Grand Council or Junjichu (Traditional Chinese: , Simplified Chinese: ; pinyin: JÅ«njÄ«chù; Manchu: coohai nashÅ«n i ba; literally, Office of Military Secrets) was an important policy-making body in the Qing Empire. ... Kang Youwei (Chinese: 康有為; March 19, 1858–March 31, 1927) was a Chinese scholar and political reformist. ... The Guangxu Emperor (August 14, 1871–November 14, 1908), born Zaitian(載湉), was the tenth emperor of the Manchu Qing dynasty, and the ninth Qing emperor to rule over China, from 1875 to 1908. ...

References

• Hummel, Arthur William, ed. Eminent Chinese of the Ch'ing Period (1644-1912). 2 vols. Washington: United States Government Printing Office, 1943.