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Encyclopedia > Western Xia Dynasty
History of China
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edit (http://en.wikipedia.org/w/wiki.phtml?title=Template:History_of_China&action=edit)
See Xia for other meanings of the Chinese character 夏 xià.

Western Xia (西夏 pinyin: Xīxià), was a kingdom from 1032 up to 1227 of the Tibetan-speaking Tanguts tribes that was established in the 11th century and flourished through the early 13th century until it was conquered by the Mongols of the Yuan dynasty. It was located in what are now the northwestern Chinese provinces of Gansu, Shaanxi, and Ningxia.

Enlarge
China in 1142.

Occupying the area along the trade route between Central Asia and the West, the Tangut were formally a tributary state of first the Song and then the Jin. In actuality, they were de facto independent, and the interaction between the Jin, the Song, and the Western Xia is of interest to historians of diplomacy because they are an example of diplomatic relations between states of de facto equal power but within a diplomatic framework in which one state was formally superior.


Western Xia had its own written language that disappeared after the kingdom was annihilated by the Mongols.


Rulers of Western Xia

Temple names Posthumous names Chinese family name and first names Reigns Era names and their according durations
Chinese convention: "Western Xia" + temple name or "family name + first names"
Jǐngzōng
(景宗)
Wǔlièdì
(武烈帝)
Lǐ Yuánhào
(李元昊)
1032-1048 Xiǎndào (顯道) 1032-1034
 Kāiyùn (開運) 1034
Guǎngpíng (廣平) 1035-1036
Dàqìng (大慶) 1036-1038
Tiānshòulǐfǎyánzuò (天授禮法延祚) 1038-1048
Yìzōng
(毅宗)
Zhāoyīngdì
(昭英帝)
Lǐ Liàngzuò
(李諒祚)
1048-1067 Yánsìníngguó (延嗣寧國) 1048-1049
 Tiānyòuchuíshèng (天祐垂聖) 1050-1052
Fúshèngchéngdào (福聖承道) 1053-1056
Duǒdū (奲都) 1036-1038
Gǒnghuà (拱化) 1063-1067
Huìzōng
(惠宗)
Kāngjìngdì
(康靖帝)
Lǐ Bǐngcháng
(李秉常)
1067-1086 Qiándào (乾道) 1067-1069
 Tiāncìlǐshèngguóqìng (天賜禮盛國慶) 1070-1074
Dà'ān (大安) 1075-1085
Tiān'ānlǐdìng (天安禮定) 1085-1086
Chóngzōng
(崇宗)
Shèngwéndì
(聖文帝)
Lǐ Qiánshùn
(李乾順)
1086-1139 Tiānyízhìpíng (天儀治平) 1086-1089
 Tiānyòumín'ān (天祐民安) 1090-1097
Yǒng'ān (永安) 1098-1100
Zhēnguān (貞觀) 1101-1113
Yōngníng (雍寧) 1114-1118
Yuándé (元德) 1119-1127
Zhèngdé (正德) 1127-1134
Dàdé (大德) 1135-1139
Rénzōng
(仁宗)
Shèngzhēndì
(聖禎帝)
Lǐ Rénxiào
(李仁孝)
1139-1193 Dàqìng (大慶) 1139-1143
 Rénqìng (人慶) 1144-1148
Tiānshèng (天盛) 1149-1170
Qiányòu (乾祐) 1170-1193
Huánzōng
(桓宗)
Zhāojiǎnjì
(昭簡帝)
Lǐ Chúnyòu
(李純佑)
1193-1206 Tiānqìng (天慶) 1193-1206
Xiāngzōng
(襄宗)
Jǐngwǔdì
(景武帝)
Lǐ Ānquán
(李安全)
1206-1211 Qìngtiān (慶天) 1206-1209
 Huángjiàn (皇建) 1210-1211
Shénzōng
(神宗)
Yīngwéndì
(英文帝)
Lǐ Zūnxū
(李遵頊)
1211-1223 Guāngdìng (光定) 1211-1223
Xiànzōng
(獻宗)
Did not exist Lǐ Déwàng
(李德旺)
1223-1226 Qiándìng (乾定) 1223-1226
Mòzhǔ
(末主)
Did not exist Lǐ Xiàn
(李晛)
1226-1227 Bǎoyì (寶義) 1226-1227

Related Topics


  Results from FactBites:
 
Chinese Dynasties (2064 words)
At minimum, the Xia period marked an evolutionary stage between the late neolithic cultures and the typical Chinese urban civilization of the Shang dynasty.
Shang dynasty endured roughly from 1700 to 1027 B.C. The Shang dynasty (also called the Yin dynasty in its later stages) is believed to found by a rebel leader who overthrew the last Xia ruler.
The Zhou dynasty had its capital at Hao, near the city of Xi'an, or Chang'an, as it was known in its heyday in the imperial period.
Western Xia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (925 words)
The Western Xia Dynasty (Chinese: 西å¤; pinyin: XÄ« Xià; literally "Western Xia") or the Tangut Empire was a state that existed from 1032 up to 1227 in what are now the northwestern Chinese provinces of Gansu, Shaanxi, and Ningxia.
His mother became the regent and during Yizong's reign, Liao Dynasty launched an invasion of Western Xia, causing Western Xia to submit to Liao Dynasty as a vassal state.
Chongzong submitted to the Jin demand of the Liao emperor and Western Xia became a vassal state of Jin.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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