|
A wheelbarrow is a small one-wheeled, hand-propelled vehicle, designed to be pushed and guided by a single person using two handles to the rear. Wheelbarrow. ...
Wheelbarrow. ...
Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2048x1536, 1266 KB) Summary de: Schubkarre im Freilichtmuseum Neuhausen ob Eck en: Wheelbarrow at the Freilichtmuseum Neuhausen ob Eck Recorded by Flominator on July 19, 2005 Use of pictures approved by director Walter Knittel via e-mail Licensing File links The...
Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2048x1536, 1266 KB) Summary de: Schubkarre im Freilichtmuseum Neuhausen ob Eck en: Wheelbarrow at the Freilichtmuseum Neuhausen ob Eck Recorded by Flominator on July 19, 2005 Use of pictures approved by director Walter Knittel via e-mail Licensing File links The...
Prisoner labor at construction of Belomorkanal File links The following pages link to this file: Gulag White Sea-Baltic Canal Categories: Pre-1973 Soviet Union images ...
Prisoner labor at construction of Belomorkanal File links The following pages link to this file: Gulag White Sea-Baltic Canal Categories: Pre-1973 Soviet Union images ...
A map of the White Sea–Baltic Sea Canal. ...
It has been suggested that Wheel and Axle be merged into this article or section. ...
It is designed to distribute the weight of its load between the wheel and the operator so enabling the convenient carriage of heavier and bulkier loads than would be possible were the weight carried entirely by the operator. Their use is common in the construction industry and in gardening. In large construction projects, such as skyscrapers, cranes are essential. ...
A gardener Gardening is the art of growing plants with the goal of crafting a purposeful landscape. ...
A two-wheel type is more stable, while the almost universal one-wheel type has better maneuverability in small spaces or on planks. The use of one wheel also permits greater control of the deposition of the load on emptying.
History
Ancient Greece The wheelbarrow seems to have been first invented in ancient Greece.[1] Two building material inventories for 408/407 and 407/406 B.C. from the temple of Eleusis show "1 body for a one-wheeler (hyperteria monokyklou)": Since dikyklos and tetrakyklos mean nothing but "two-wheeler" and "four-wheeler," and since the monokyklos body is sandwiched in the Eleusis inventory between a four-wheeler body and its four wheels, to interpret this as a one-wheeler seems to be the best explanation. However there is no other evidence for the use of wheelbarrows in ancient Greece.
Ancient China Despite the development of wheeled carts from around 5,000 years ago, the invention of the wheelbarrow is usually traced to China, where there are a number of competing claims. Invented around the 3rd century AD, it is usually credited to Zhuge Liang, advisor to the Kingdom of Shu from 197 to 234, who had the wooden ox developed as a transport for military supplies. The design was with a large single central wheel around which a wooden box was constructed, but it was soon adapted to a design with two handles for pulling. // Overview Events 212: Constitutio Antoniniana grants citizenship to all free Roman men 212-216: Baths of Caracalla 230-232: Sassanid dynasty of Persia launches a war to reconquer lost lands in the Roman east 235-284: Crisis of the Third Century shakes Roman Empire 250-538: Kofun era, the first...
This is a Chinese name; the family name is Zhuge (諸葛) Zhuge Liang (181 - 234) was one of the greatest Chinese strategists of the Three Kingdoms era, as well as a statesman, engineer, scholar, and inventor. ...
The Kingdom of Shu (蜀 shǔ) (221 – 263) was one of the Three Kingdoms competing for control of China after the fall of the Han Dynasty. ...
Events Roman Emperor Septimius Severus sacks Ctesiphon and captures an enormous number of its inhabitants as slaves. ...
Events Wei Yan revolts against the kingdom of Shu Han Births Emperor Wu of Jin China (approximate date) Deaths Li Yan, general of the Shu Kingdom Wei Yan, Shu general, executed by Ma Dai Zhuge Liang of the Shu Kingdom in China, dies on the Wu Zhang Plains in a...
The Wooden Ox was created by Zhuge Liang while he served Shu-Han. ...
Roman Empire Another belief of the origin of the wheelbarrow is said to have occurred during the rule of the Roman Empire. Back then, as it is today on highways, vehicles traveling through the empire were taxed on a per axle and per wheel basis. Travellers with two axles with four wheels were taxed higher than those with one axle and two wheels. It became obvious that those who were travelling lighter needed a cheaper solution to get another tax break. So the wheelbarrow was created so that only one axle and wheel could be taxed. [citation needed] This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...
Medieval Europe The wheelbarrow showed up in medieval Europe between 1170 and 1250. Medieval wheelbarrows universally featured a wheel at or near the front (in contrast to their Chinese counterparts, which typically had a wheel in the center of the barrow).[2] Research on the early history of the wheelbarrow is made difficult by the marked absence of a common terminology. The English historian of science M.J.T. Lewis has identified in English and French sources four mentions of wheelbarrows between 1172 and 1222, three of them designated with a different term.[3] According to the medieval art historian Andrea Matthies, the first archival reference to a wheelbarrow in medieval Europe is dated 1222, specifing the purchase of several wheelbarrows for the English king's works at Dover.[4] The first depiction appears in an English manuscript, Matthew Paris's Vitae Offarum, completed in 1250.[5]
By the 13th century, the wheelbarrow proved useful in building construction, mining operations, and agriculture. However, going by surviving documents and illustrations the wheelbarrow remained a relative rarity until the 15th century.[6] It also seemed to be limited to England, France, and the Low Countries.[7]
Modern times Two-wheel wheelbarrows were much used in the construction of White Sea-Baltic Canal, as well as in other GULAG projects. Under heavy loads or on softer soils, two men drove a wheelbarrow: one pushing the handles and the other pulling the cart with a hook. A map of the White Sea–Baltic Sea Canal. ...
Gulag ( , Russian: ) is an acronym for Главное Управление ИÑправительно—Трудовых Лагерей и колоний, Glavnoye Upravleniye Ispravitelno-trudovykh Lagerey i kolonii, The Chief Directorate [or Administration] of Corrective Labour Camps and Colonies of the NKVD. Anne Applebaum, in her book Gulag: A History, explains: // Literally, the word GULAG is an acronym, meaning Glavnoe Upravlenie Lagerei, or Main Camp...
Modern designs are usually single wheel, with a pneumatic tire, though some models have solid rubber tires. Common designs are all metal with a separate frame and tray. The heavier weight and noise generated by all metal designs in loading and moving means that for most uses polypropylene trays are more common being lighter and quieter but less durable. A tire or tyre (see spelling differences and etymological origins) is a device covering the circumference of a wheel. ...
In common use the word noise means unwanted sound or noise pollution. ...
Hot metal work from a blacksmith In chemistry, a metal (Greek: Metallon) is an element that readily forms positive ions (cations) and has metallic bonds. ...
Polypropylene lid of a Tic Tacs box, with a living hinge and the resin identification code under its flap Polypropylene or polypropene (PP) is a thermoplastic polymer, used in a wide variety of applications, including food packaging, textiles, laboratory equipment, loudspeakers, automotive components, and polymer banknotes. ...
In the 1970s, British inventor James Dyson produced his ballbarrow, an injection moulded plastic barrow with a spherical wheel. Sir James Dyson, CBE (born 2 May 1947) is an British industrial designer. ...
The ballbarrow was a type of wheelbarrow designed by James Dyson and released in 1974 in the United Kingdom. ...
References - ^ M. J. T. Lewis, p.470ff.
- ^ M. J. T. Lewis, pp.453-55
- ^ M. J. T. Lewis, p.463
- ^ Andrea L. Matthies, p.357
- ^ Andrea L. Matthies, p.358
The often held view that a wheelbarrow shows up in a stained-glass window at Chartres soon after 1200 is according to Lewis "a myth. There is none. The nearest approach is a handbarrow." (M.J.T. Lewis, p.463) - ^ M. J. T. Lewis, p.456
- ^ Andrea L. Matthies, p.358
Literature - Andrea L. Matthies, “The Medieval Wheelbarrow,” Technology and Culture, Vol. 32, No. 2, Part 1. (Apr., 1991), pp. 356-364
- M. J. T. Lewis, “The Origins of the Wheelbarrow,” Technology and Culture, Vol. 35, No. 3. (Jul., 1994), pp. 453-475
See also Image File history File links Commons-logo. ...
Wikimedia Commons logo by Reid Beels The Wikimedia Commons (also called Commons or Wikicommons) is a repository of free content images, sound and other multimedia files. ...
An unloaded hand-truck. ...
A dolly is a portable anvil used to hold a rivet in position while it is being clenched. ...
|
There are 2 more (non-authoritative) comments on this page
Feeds |
Contact