White American
Total population
White American 215,333,394[1] 74.7% of the total U.S. population ImageMetadata File history File links Download high resolution version (1413x1944, 471 KB) Summary Madeleine Albright, official secretary of State portrait Licensing File links The following pages link to this file: Madeleine Albright ... Image File history File links Gentlemen_Prefer_Blondes_Movie_Trailer_Screenshot_(16). ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links John_F_Kennedy1963. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (700x878, 61 KB) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ...
Regions with significant populations
All areas of the United States
Language(s)
Predominantly American English · Spanish · German · Italian · Arabic · French
Religion(s)
Predominantly Christian; minorities practicing Islam · Judaism and other faiths

The term white American (often used interchangeably and incorrectly with "Caucasian American"^[2] and within the United States simply "white"^[3]) is an umbrella term that refers to people of European descent residing in the United States.^[4] In the most recent United States Census conducted in 2000, 47.9% of the then 35,305,818 U.S. Hispanics also fell into the white American category,^[5] making White Hispanics the plurality among Hispanics of all races in the United States. This list of regions of the United States includes official (governmental) and non-official areas within the borders of the United States, not including U.S. states, the federal district of Washington, D.C. or standard subentities such as cities or counties. ... For other uses, see American English (disambiguation). ... Arabic redirects here. ... Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations · Other religions Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Luther Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Archbishop of Canterbury · Catholic Pope Coptic Pope · Ecumenical Patriarch Christianity Portal This box:      Christianity is... For people named Islam, see Islam (name). ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... An umbrella term is a word that provides a superset or grouping of related concepts, also called a hypernym. ... European American is a term for an American of European descent, who are usually referred as White or Caucasian. ... The United States Census is a decennial census mandated by the United States Constitution. ... Year 2000 (MM) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full 2000 Gregorian calendar). ... Hispanic flag, not widely used. ... This article is about U.S. white Hispanic residents. ...

In contemporary social scientific terms Whites are regarded as the dominant racial group, whose norms and bahavioral patterns are seen as the benchmark for normality. According to sociologist Steven Seidman, "Whitness is assumed... it is the default condition." Many early European immigrants, especially Jews and Southern as well as Eastern Europeans were not seen as White upon arrival, as Whiteness describes membership in the societal mainstream.^[6] As the cultural boundaries separating white Americans from other racial categories are contested and fluid, this broad official definition includes people who might not be considered white by others and who might not consider themselves white. Steven Seidman is an American sociologist, currently professor at New York State University at Albany. ...

Historical and present definitions

Main article: Definitions of whiteness in the United States

Today, the term "white American" can encompass many different ethnic groups. Although the United States Census purports to reflect a social definition of race, the social dimensions of race are more complex than Census criteria. The origins from which white Americans may come. ... The United States Census is a decennial census mandated by the United States Constitution. ...

Current U.S. Census definition

The 2000 U.S. census states that racial categories "generally reflect a social definition of race recognized in this country. They do not conform to any biological, anthropological or genetic criteria."^[7] It defines "white people" as "people having origins in any of the original peoples of Europe, the Middle East, or North Africa.^[8] In U.S. census documents, the designation white overlaps, as do all other official racial categories, with the term Hispanic, which was introduced in the 1980 census as a category of ethnicity, separate and independent of race.^[9] By county. ... The United States Census Bureau (officially Bureau of the Census) is a part of the United States Department of Commerce. ... German Americans are citizens of the United States of German ancestry. ... Irish population density in the United States, 1872. ... English Americans (occasionally known as Anglo-Americans) are citizens of the United States whose ancestry originates wholly or partly in England. ... An Italian-American is an American of Italian descent either born in America or someone who has immigrated. ... Polish-American refers to American citizens of Polish descent. ... A French American or Franco-American is a citizen of the United States of America of French descent and heritage. ... Scottish Americans or Scots Americans are citizens of the United States whose ancestry originates in the northwest European nation of Scotland. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... The Norwegian-Americans are an ethnic group in the United States. ... Scots-Irish (formerly Scotch-Irish) is a term used to describe inhabitants of the USA and Canada of Scots-Irish (particularly Ulster-Scots) descent, who formed distinctive communities and had distinctive social characteristics. ... Swedish Americans are U.S. Americans with Swedish heritage, most often related to the large groups of immigrants from Sweden in the late nineteenth century and early twentieth century. ... It has been suggested that Ethnicity (United States Census) be merged into this article or section. ... For other uses, see Europe (disambiguation). ... A map showing countries commonly considered to be part of the Middle East The Middle East is a region comprising the lands around the southern and eastern parts of the Mediterranean Sea, a territory that extends from the eastern Mediterranean Sea to the Persian Gulf. ...  Northern Africa (UN subregion)  geographic, including above North Africa or Northern Africa is the northernmost region of the African continent, separated by the Sahara from Sub-Saharan Africa. ... Hispanic flag, not widely used. ... Year 1980 (MCMLXXX) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1980 Gregorian calendar). ... It has been suggested that Ethnicity (United States Census) be merged into this article or section. ...

Hispanicity, which is independent of race, is the only ethnic category, as opposed to racial category, which is officially collated by the U.S. Census Bureau. The distinction made by government agencies for those within the population of any official race category, including "white American", is between those with Hispanic ethnic backgrounds and all others of non-Hispanic ethnic backgrounds. In the case of White Americans, these two groups are respectively termed "White Hispanics" and "non-Hispanic Whites"; the former having at least one ancestor from the people of Spain or Spanish-speaking Latin America, and the latter consisting of an ethnically diverse collection of all others who are classified as white American who are of non-Hispanic ethnic backgrounds. Hispanic flag, not widely used. ... The United States Census Bureau (officially Bureau of the Census) is a part of the United States Department of Commerce. ... Hispanic flag, not widely used. ... This article or section should be merged with ethnic group Ethnicity is the cultural characteristics that connect a particular group or groups of people to each other. ... Hispanic America (Hispanoamérica in Spanish) refers to those parts of the Americas inhabited by Spanish-speaking peoples. ...

Many Americans who are treated as part of minority groups are included in the census category "white." This is true for many Hispanic Americans, 47.9% of whom identified racially as white. The 2000 Census separated the question on Hispanics from the question on race, the latter being divided into the 5 categories of white, black or African American, American Indian and Alaska Native, Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander, Asian American, plus "other", with the respondent having the ability to mark more than one category. It is also true for many Arab and other Middle Eastern Americans and North African Americans, as well as Jewish Americans, since the 2000 Census conflates race and geographic/national origin: white is defined to include people with original origins in Europe, the Middle East and North Africa. The United States Census Bureau uses the federal governments definitions of race when performing a census. ... An African American (also Afro-American, Black American, or simply black) is a member of an ethnic group in the United States whose ancestors, usually in predominant part, were indigenous to Africa. ... This article is about the people indigenous to the United States. ... // Demographics in 2000 US Census Pacific Islander Americans represent the smallest group counted on the 2000 US Census. ... An Asian American is a person of Asian ancestry or origin who was born in or is an immigrant to the United States. ... Arab Americans constitute an ethnicity made up of several waves of immigrants from 22 Morocco in the west to Oman in the east. ... A Jewish American (also commonly American Jew) is an American (a citizen of the United States) of Jewish descent who maintains a connection to the Jewish community, either through actively practicing Judaism or through cultural and historical affiliation. ...

In cases where individuals do not self-identify, the U.S. census parameters for race give each national origin a racial value. Additionally, people who reported Muslim (or a sect of Islam such as Shi'ite or Sunni), Jewish, Zoroastrian, Mexican, or Caucasian as their "race" in the "Some other race" section, without noting a country of origin, are automatically tallied as white.^[10] This may result in the counting of persons such as Indian Muslims, Indian Jews, and Indian Zoroastrians as white, if they solely report their religious heritage without their national origin. It has been suggested that Ethnicity (United States Census) be merged into this article or section. ... There is also a collection of Hadith called Sahih Muslim A Muslim (Arabic: مسلم, Persian: Mosalman or Mosalmon Urdu: مسلمان, Turkish: Müslüman, Albanian: Mysliman, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of the religion of Islam. ... Shia Islam ( Arabic شيعى follower; English has traditionally used Shiite or Shiite) is the second largest Islamic denomination; some 20-25% of all Muslims are said to follow a Shia tradition. ... Sunni Islam (Arabic سنّة) is the largest denomination of Islam. ... The word Jew ( Hebrew: יהודי) is used in a wide number of ways, but generally refers to a follower of the Jewish faith, a child of a Jewish mother, or someone of Jewish descent with a connection to Jewish culture or ethnicity and often a combination... Zoroastrianism was adapted from an earlier, polytheistic faith by Zarathushtra (Zoroaster) in Persia very roughly around 1000 BC (although, in the absence of written records, some scholars estimates are as late as 600 BC). ... For the peoples actually from the Caucasus, see Peoples of the Caucasus. ... The gate of the Jami mosque built in 1571 in Fatehpur Sikri, a city built by the Mughal emperor Akbar. ... // Indian Jews are a religious minority, living among Indias predominantly Hindu populace. ... This article is about the Parsi community. ...

Social definition

According to race scholars such as Karen Brodkin, in the United States, essentially anyone of European descent is considered white^{[citation needed]} and Jews (presumably those of European origin, that is, Ashkenazi Jews) are also today considered white.^[11] However, while the census asserts that "race" and "ethnicity" are separate, some Hispanics of primarily European descent may not consider themselves white and may not be considered white by others, possibly because of the long-held stereotype of Hispanics being given a non-white racial value.^[12][13][14] Likewise, while people of Middle Eastern and North African descent are included in the white category in the census, studies have found that Arab American teenagers may sometimes construct identities that distinguish themselves from "white society."^[15] Language(s) Yiddish, Hebrew, Russian, English Religion(s) Judaism Related ethnic groups Sephardi Jews, Mizrahi Jews, and other Jewish ethnic divisions Ashkenazi Jews, also known as Ashkenazic Jews or Ashkenazim (Standard Hebrew: sing. ... This article is about U.S. white Hispanic residents. ...

The cultural boundaries separating white Americans from other racial or ethnic categories have changed significantly over the course of American history. Even among Europeans, those not considered white at some time in American history are the Irish, Germans, Ashkenazi Jews, Italians, Spaniards, Slavs, Greeks and other European Mediterranean peoples.^[16] David R. Roediger argues that the construction of the white race in the United States was an effort to mentally distance slave owners from slaves.^[17] The process of officially being defined as white by law often came about in court disputes over pursuit of citizenship.^[18] Language(s) Yiddish, Hebrew, Russian, English Religion(s) Judaism Related ethnic groups Sephardi Jews, Mizrahi Jews, and other Jewish ethnic divisions Ashkenazi Jews, also known as Ashkenazic Jews or Ashkenazim (Standard Hebrew: sing. ... The Slavic peoples are the most numerous ethnic and linguistic body of peoples in Europe. ... The Mediterranean Sea is an intercontinental sea positioned between Europe to the north, Africa to the south and Asia to the east, covering an approximate area of 2. ... “Citizen” redirects here. ...

Privilege

As whites are the dominant group; according to sociologists Steven Seidman, "Whiteness has been about privilege." White culture constitutes the general cultural mainstream, causing non-White culture to be seen as deviant, in either a positive or negative manner. Moreover, Whites tend to be disproportionately represented in powerful position, controlling almost all political, economic and cultural institutions. Yet, Whites are most commonly unaware of their privilege and the manner in which their culture has become dominant, as they do not identify as members of a specific racial group but rather perceive their views and culture as "raceless." According to Richard Dyer:^[6] Steven Seidman is an American sociologist, currently professor at New York State University at Albany. ... Richard W. Dyer is an English academic specialising in cinema. ...

Certain white populations, such as homosexuals, women and the disabled, however, lose parts of this privilege due to disenfranchisement that occurs based on non-racial characteristics.^[6]

Demographic information

Main article: United States Census, 2000

White American is the largest racial group counted in the 2000 Census, comprising 77.1 percent of the population. This includes about 2% of the population who self-identified as "white" in combination with one or more other races; about 8% also identified ethnically as Hispanic. The largest ethnic groups among white Americans were Germans followed by the Irish and the English. 2000 US Census logo The Twenty-Second United States Census, known as Census 2000 and conducted by the Census Bureau, determined the resident population of the United States on April 1, 2000, to be 281,421,906, an increase of 13. ... US Hispanic or Latino population The Office of Management and Budget is required to use a minimum of two ethnicities: Hispanic or Latino or not Hispanic or Latino The O.M.B. defines Hispanic or Latino as a person of Cuban, Mexican, Puerto Rican, South or Central American or other...

Geographic distribution

White Americans as percent of population, Census 2000. (Around 8% of white Americans also identify as Hispanic.)

According to the Census definition, white Americans are the majority racial group in almost all of the United States. They are not the majority in Hawaii, many American Indian reservations, parts of the South known as the Black Belt, and in many urban areas throughout the country. In California, Whites slipped from 80% of the state's population in 1970 to 43% in 2006.^[19] Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1012x691, 72 KB) Summary Map of contiguous US, showing percentage of population self-reporting as White, by census tract, 2000. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1012x691, 72 KB) Summary Map of contiguous US, showing percentage of population self-reporting as White, by census tract, 2000. ... Official language(s) English, Hawaiian Capital Honolulu Largest city Honolulu Area  Ranked 43rd  - Total 10,931 sq mi (29,311 km²)  - Width n/a miles (n/a km)  - Length 1,522 miles (2,450 km)  - % water 41. ... This article is about Native Americans. ... Historic Southern United States. ... For other uses, see Black Belt. ... Official language(s) English Capital Sacramento Largest city Los Angeles Largest metro area Greater Los Angeles Area  Ranked 3rd  - Total 158,302 sq mi (410,000 km²)  - Width 250 miles (400 km)  - Length 770 miles (1,240 km)  - % water 4. ...

Overall the highest concentration of those referred to as white alone by the Census Bureau was found in the northern Midwest, New England, the Rocky Mountain states, Kentucky, and West Virginia. The lowest concentration of whites was found in southern and mid-Atlantic states.^[20][21][22] This article is about the Midwestern region in the United States. ... This article is about the region in the United States of America. ... Rocky Mountain National Park (photo courtesy of NPS) View of Colorado Rockies. ... Official language(s) English[1] Capital Frankfort Largest city Louisville Area  Ranked 37th  - Total 40,444 sq mi (104,749 km²)  - Width 140 miles (225 km)  - Length 379 miles (610 km)  - % water 1. ... Official language(s) English Capital Charleston Largest city Charleston Area  Ranked 41st  - Total 24,244 sq mi (62,809 km²)  - Width 130 miles (210 km)  - Length 240 miles (385 km)  - % water 0. ...

Although all large geographical areas are dominated by white Americans, much larger differences can be seen between specific parts of large cities.

Income and educational attainment

Main article: Affluence in the United States#Race

Further information: Personal income in the United States and Household income in the United States

Some argue that because white Americans have faced the least discrimination of any racial or ethnic group, they have had time to build up wealth, and that this is a major contributor to economic inequities among races today.^[23][24] White Americans have the second highest median household income and personal income levels in the nation. The median income per household member was also the highest, since white Americans had the smallest households of any racial demographic in the nation. In 2006, the median individual income of a white American age 25 or older was $33,030, with those who were full-time employed between ages 25 and 64 earning $34,432. Since 42% of all households had two income earners, the median household income was considerably higher than the median personal income, which was $48,554 in 2005. Among whites, Jewish Americans rank first in household income, personal income and educational attainment among white Americans. In 2005, white households had a median household income of $48,977, 10.3% above the national median of $44,389. American-born Cuban Americans (half of the Cuban American populace) almost all classify as white, and have a higher median income and educational attainment level than most other whites.^[25] For information on household income please see Household income in the United States Personal income for the populatio age 25 or older. ... For information on the income of individuals, see Personal income in the United States. ... The United States Census is a decennial census mandated by the United States Constitution. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Racism in the United States has been a major issue in America since the colonial era. ... For information on the income of individuals, see Personal income in the United States. ... For information on household income please see Household income in the United States Personal income for the populatio age 25 or older. ... The percentage of households and individuals in each income bracket. ... A Jewish American (also commonly American Jew) is an American (a citizen of the United States) of Jewish descent who maintains a connection to the Jewish community, either through actively practicing Judaism or through cultural and historical affiliation. ... A Cuban-American is an immigrant to the United States from Cuba. ...

Poverty rates for white Americans are the lowest of any racial group, with 8.6% of white individuals living below the poverty line (3% below the national average).^[26] However, due to whites' majority status, 48% of Americans living in poverty are white.^[27]

Whites' educational attainment are the second-highest in the country, after Asian Americans'. Overall, nearly one-third of white Americans had a Bachelor degree, with the educational attainment for whites being higher for those born outside the United States. Nearly forty percent, 37.6%, of foreign born and 29.7% of native born whites had a college degree. Both figures are above the national average of 27.2%.^[28] This graph shows the educational attainment since 1947. ... A bachelors degree is usually an undergraduate academic degree awarded for a course that generally lasts three or four years. ...

Gender income inequality was the greatest among whites with white men outearning white women by 48%. Census Bureau data for 2005 reveals that the median income of white females was lower than that of males of all races. In 2005, the median income for white females was only slightly higher than that of African American females, indicating that income inequities seem to run along gender lines more so than along racial lines.^[29] 2005 Census Statistics show great income inequity between the sexes among all races. ...

Admixture

see also Admixture in the United States

According to a recent study about one third of all white Americans, 74 million, have between 2 and 20 percent Native American and/or African admixture^[30]. In the last few centuries science has had an important influence on everyday notions of race. ...

See also

• White Cuban
• White Brazilian

Angry white male First white child Immigration to the United States Model minority Race in the United States White Anglo-Saxon Protestant White flight White Hispanic White Latin American White male White people African American v • d • e European Americans North European British (English • Scots-Irish • Scottish • Welsh) · Danish · Estonian · Faroese · Finnish · Icelandic · Irish · Latvian · Lithuanian · Norwegian · Swedish West European Austrian · Belgian · Dutch (Frisian) · French (Acadian • Cajun) · German · Luxembourg · Swiss East European Armenian · Azerbaijani · Belarusian · Bulgarian · Czech · Georgian · Hungarian · Romanian · Russian · Rusyn · Polish · Slovak · Ukrainian South European Albanian · Basque · Bosnian · Catalan · Croatian · Cypriot · Greek · Italian (Sicilian) · Macedonian · Maltese · Montenegrin · Portuguese · Serbian · Slovenian · Spanish  · Turkish Other Jewish American · Romani v • d • e Middle Eastern Americans Group Afghanistani · Arab · Armenian · Assyrian · Israeli · Iranian · Iraqi · Kurdish · Lebanese · Palestinian · Saudi · Syrian · Turkish · Yemeni v • d • e North African Americans Algerian  · Egyptian  · Moroccan v • d • e Demographics of the United States Demography of the United States · Demographic history Language(s) Spanish Cuban Spanish Religion(s) Predominantly Roman Catholic with Jewish Protestant Atheist and Agnostic minorities Related ethnic groups Spaniards Italians Portuguese French Andalusians Canarians Hispanics Jewish Cubans. ... White Brazilians make up 53. ... Angry White Male (sometimes abbreviated as AWM) is the designation of a voting bloc of white males in the United States, predominantly of working class or lower middle class status, who are angered by actual or perceived favoritism towards non-whites, women, gays, and other minorities in government, business, media... The birth of the first white child was a celebrated occasion across many parts of the United States and Australia. ... 2000 Census Population Ancestry Map Immigration to the United States of America is the movement of non-residents to the United States, and has been a major source of population growth and cultural change throughout much of the American history even though the foreign born have never been more than... April 1984 cover of Newsweek featuring an article on the success of Asian American students Model minority refers to a minority ethnic, racial, or religious group whose members achieve a higher degree of success than the population average. ... // Main article: Racial demographics of the United States The United States is a diverse country racially. ... WASP is a term which originated in the United States. ... White flight is a term for the demographic trend where working- and middle-class white people move away from increasingly racial-minority inner-city neighborhoods to white suburbs and exurbs. ... This article is about U.S. white Hispanic residents. ... This article deals with the white classified population of Latin America. ... White male is a sociological term used in the United States to describe the demographic that is presumed to dominate the nations elites and to face the least discrimination. ... “Whites” redirects here. ... An African American (also Afro-American, Black American, or simply black) is a member of an ethnic group in the United States whose ancestors, usually in predominant part, were indigenous to Africa. ... European American is a term for an American of European descent, who are usually referred as White or Caucasian. ... English Americans (occasionally known as Anglo-Americans) are citizens of the United States whose ancestry originates wholly or partly in England. ... Scots-Irish (formerly Scotch-Irish) is a term used to describe inhabitants of the USA and Canada of Scots-Irish (particularly Ulster-Scots) descent, who formed distinctive communities and had distinctive social characteristics. ... Scottish Americans or Scots Americans are citizens of the United States whose ancestry originates in the northwest European nation of Scotland. ... Map showing the population density of Americans who declared Welsh ancestry in the census. ... A Frisian American is an inhabitant of the United States with full or partial Frisian ancestry. ... The Acadians (French: Acadiens) are the descendants of the 17th-century French colonists who settled in Acadia (located on the northern portion of North Americas east coast). ... Cajuns are an ethnic group mainly living in Louisiana, consisting of the descendants of Acadian exiles and peoples of other ethnicities with whom the Acadians eventually intermarried on the semitropical frontier. ... Rusyn Americans refer to individuals who were born on, or who descended from, the territory of the historic Carpathian Ruthenia, western Ukraine, northeastern Slovakia, and southeastern Poland. ... Basque-Americans are citizens of the United States who are of Basque ancestry. ... Catalan Americans are residents of the United States who acknowledge Catalan ancestry and self-identify with it. ... Sicilian Americans are a subset of Italian Americans from Sicily. ... Montenegrin Americans are citizens of the United States who are of Montenegrin ancestry. ... Serbian Americans are citizens of the United States who are of Serbian ancestry. ... A Jewish American (also commonly American Jew) is an American (a citizen of the United States) of Jewish descent who maintains a connection to the Jewish community, either through actively practicing Judaism or through cultural and historical affiliation. ... Romnichal or Romanichal is the name by which groups of Romani people (often known as Gypsies) found in some parts of the United Kingdom, notably England, are called in their own language, Anglo-Romany. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Arab Americans constitute an ethnicity made up of several waves of immigrants from 22 Morocco in the west to Oman in the east. ... Assyrians Americans constitute the third-largest population of Assyrians in the world, and the largest in the Assyrian diaspora. ... Kurdish Americans are Americans of Kurdish descent, the majority of Kurdish Americans are recent migrants. ... Palestinian Americans are Americans of Palestinian Arab ancestry. ...  Northern Africa (UN subregion)  geographic, including above North Africa or Northern Africa is the northernmost region of the African continent, separated by the Sahara from Sub-Saharan Africa. ... Population of the United States, 1790 to 2000 The demographics of the United States depict a largely urban nation, with 57 percent of its population living in places more than 100 miles away from the ocean (2003). ... The first U.S. census, in 1790, recorded under 4 million Americans. ... // 2000 282,338,631 2010 309,162,581 2020 336,031,546 2030 363,811,435 2040 392,172,658 2050 420,080,587 2060 450,505,985 2070 480,568,004 2080 511,442,859 2090 540,405,985 2100 571,440,474 The US population in 1900 was... Economic · Social Affluence · Educational attainment · Household income · Homeownership · Immigration · Income inequality · Language · Middle classes · Personal income · Poverty · Religion · Social class  · Unemployment by state · Wealth The percentage of households and individuals over the age of 25 with incomes exceeding $100,000 in the US.[1][2] Affluence in the United States refers to an individuals or households state of being in an economically favorable position in contrast to a given reference group. ... This graph shows the educational attainment since 1947. ... For information on the income of individuals, see Personal income in the United States. ... Single family homes such as this are indicative of the American middle class. ... This graph shows the household income of the given percentiles from 1967 to 2003, in 2003 dollars. ... A monument to the working and supporting classes along Market Street in the heart of San Franciscos Financial District, home to tens-of-thousands of professional and managerial middle class workers each day. ... For information on household income please see Household income in the United States Personal income for the populatio age 25 or older. ... Percent below each countrys official poverty line, according to the CIA factbook. ... A monument to the working and supporting classes along Market Street in the heart of San Franciscos Financial District, home to tens of thousands of professional and managerial middle class workers each day. ... Below is a comparison of the unemployment rates by state, ranked from highest to lowest. ... Wealth in the United States is commonly measured in terms of net worth which is the sum of all assets, including home equity minus all liabilities. ... Race · Ethnicity · Ancestry Race and ethnicity in the United States Census · Maps of American ancestries · 2000 Census · Race/ethnicity by EEOC  · Racism Race and ethnicity in the United States Census, as defined by the United States Census Bureau and the Federal Office of Management and Budget (OMB), is a self-identification data item in which residents choose the race or races with which they most closely identify. ... By county. ... 2000 US Census logo The Twenty-Second United States Census, known as Census 2000 and conducted by the Census Bureau, determined the resident population of the United States on April 1, 2000, to be 281,421,906, an increase of 13. ... In 2007 the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission of the US Department of Labor finalized its update of the EEO-1 report format and guidelines to come into an effect on September 30, 2007. ... Racism in the United States has been a major issue in America since the colonial era. ... Alaska Natives · Asian Americans · African Americans · Africans in the United States · Hispanics in the United States · Native Americans · Pacific Islander Americans · White Americans · European Americans Alaska Natives are indigenous peoples who live in what is now the U.S. state of Alaska. ... An Asian American is a person of Asian ancestry or origin who was born in or is an immigrant to the United States. ... An African American (also Afro-American, Black American, or simply black) is a member of an ethnic group in the United States whose ancestors, usually in predominant part, were indigenous to Africa. ... Africans in the United States, in the scope of this article, are recent immigrants to the United States from continental Africa and their descendants. ... Hispanics in the United States, or Hispanic Americans, are American citizens or residents of Hispanic ethnicity who identify themselves as having Hispanic Cultural heritage. ... This article is about the people indigenous to the United States. ... // Demographics in 2000 US Census Pacific Islander Americans represent the smallest group counted on the 2000 US Census. ... European American is a term for an American of European descent, who are usually referred as White or Caucasian. ... References ^ General Demographic Characteristics: 2005 ^ Lee, Sandra S. Mountain, Joanna. Barbara, Koening A. The Meanings of Race in the New Genomics: Implications for Health Disparities Research. Yale University. 2001. Accessed October 26, 2006. ^ The U.S. Census Bureau, for example, uses "white" rather than "white American." Racial and Ethnic Classifications Used in Census 2000 and Beyond. Retrieved on 2006-10-05. ^ http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/fedreg/1997standards.html ^ http://www.census.gov/prod/2001pubs/cenbr01-1.pdf Overview of Race and Hispanic Origin: 2000 ^ a b c Seidman, S. (2004). Critical Race Theory. In Contested Knowledge: Social Theory Today (pp. 231 - 243). Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing. ^ Questions and Answers for Census 2000 Data on Race from U.S. Census Bureau, 14 March 2001. Retrieved 15 October 2006. ^ http://www.census.gov/prod/2001pubs/c2kbr01-4.pdf The White Population: 2000, Census 2000 Brief C2KBR/01-4, U.S. Census Bureau, August 2001. ^ Overview of Race and Hispanic Origin 2000 U.S. Census Bureau ^ Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results. Race and Nationality Descriptions from the 2000 US Census and Bureau of Vital Statistics. 2007. May 21, 2007. [1] ^ Karen Brodkin, How Jews Became White Folks and What That Says About Race in America (New Brunswick NJ, 1998). ^ http://www.utexas.edu/utpress/excerpts/exminbla.html ^ http://www.davidberreby.com/work14.htm ^ http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/white_house/jan-june00/census_3-23.html ^ http://caliber.ucpress.net/doi/abs/10.1525/sop.2004.47.4.371 ^ John Tehranian, "Performing Whiteness: Naturalization Litigation and the Construction of Racial Identity in America," The Yale Law Journal, Vol. 109, No. 4. (Jan., 2000), pp. 825-827. ^ Roediger, Wages of Whiteness, 186; Tony Horwitz, Confederates in the Attic: Dispatches from the Unfinished Civil War (New York, 1998). ^ Sweet, Frank W. Legal History of the Color Line: The Notion of Invisible Blackness. Backintyme Publishers (2005), ISBN 0939479230. ^ The Best Story of Our Lives ^ Brewer, Cynthia; Trudy Suchan (2001). Census 2000, The Geography of US Diversity. Redlands, CA: ESRI Press.  ^ Distribution of those identifying as White alone, by state, US Census Bureau. Retrieved on 2006-10-05. ^ US Census Bureau, Whites in the 2000 Census. Retrieved on 2006-10-05. ^ a b Adams, J.Q.; Pearlie Strother-Adams (2001). Dealing with Diversity. Chicago, IL: Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company. 0-7872-8145-X.  ^ Hine, Darlene; William C. Hine, Stanley Harrold (2006). The African American Odyssey. Boston, MA: Pearson. 0-12-182217-3.  ^ Cubans in the United States http://pewhispanic.org/files/factsheets/23.pdf. ^ US Census Bureau, Household income in 2005 by race. Retrieved on 2006-12-23. ^ http://www.ag.iastate.edu/centers/rdev/newsletter/june97/rural-poverty.html ^ US Census Bureau report on educational attainment in the United States, 2003. Retrieved on 2006-12-23. ^ US Census Bureau, Personal income forum, Age 25+, 2005. Retrieved on 2007-01-20. ^ Afro-European Genetic Admixture in the United States, Frank Sweet External links White Population 2000 from the US Census