NationMaster - Encyclopedia: White Horse Temple

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Timeline of Buddhism Buddhist councils 563 BCE: SiddhÄrtha Gautama, Buddha-to-be, is born in Lumbini, Ancient India. ... // Main article: First Buddhist council Ananda reciting the Sutta Pitaka According to the scriptures of all Buddhist schools, the first Buddhist Council was held soon after the nirvana of the Buddha under the patronage of king Ajatasatru, and presided by the monk Mahakasyapa, at Rajagaha (todays Rajgir). ...
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Three marks of existence Skandha · Cosmology Saṃsāra · Rebirth · Dharma Dependent Origination · Karma According to the Buddhist tradition, all phenomena (dharmas) are marked by three characteristics, sometimes referred to as the Dharma seals, that is dukkha (suffering), anicca (impermanence), and anatta (non-Self). ... The skandhas (Sanskrit: PÄli: Khandha; literally: heap or bundle) are the five constituents or aggregates through which the functioning and experience of an individual is created according to Buddhist phenomenology. ... Buddhist cosmology is the description of the shape and evolution of the universe according to the canonical Buddhist scriptures and commentaries. ... Saá¹ƒsÄra, the Sanskrit and PÄli term for continous movement or continuous flowing refers in Buddhism to the concept of a cycle of birth (jÄti) and consequent decay and death (jarÄmaraá¹‡a), in which all beings in the universe participate and which can only be escaped... Rebirth in Buddhism is the doctrine that the consciousness of a person (as conventionally regarded), upon the death or dissolution of the aggregates (skandhas) which make up that person, becomes one of the contributing causes for the arising of a new group of skandhas which may again be conventionally considered... Dharma (Sanskrit: à¤§à¤°à¥à¤®) or Dhamma (PÄli: à¤§à¤®à¥à¤®) in Buddhism has two primary meanings: the teachings of the Buddha which lead to enlightenment the constituent factors of the experienced world In East Asia, the character for Dharma is æ³•, pronounced fÇŽ in Mandarin and hÅ in Japanese. ... The doctrine of PratÄ«tyasamutpÄda (Sanskrit: à¤ªà¥à¤°à¤¤à¤¿à¤¤à¥à¤¯à¤¸à¤®à¥à¤¤à¥à¤ªà¤¾à¤¦à¤¾) or PaticcasamuppÄda (PÄli: à¤ªà¤¤à¤¿à¤šà¤¸à¤®à¥à¤ªà¤¾à¤¦à¤¾; Tibetan: ; Chinese:ç·£èµ·) Dependent Arising is an important part of Buddhist metaphysics. ... Karma (Sanskrit: à¤•à¤°à¥à¤®à¤¨ karman, PÄli: à¤•à¤®à¤¾ Kamma) means action or doing; whatever one does, says, or thinks is a karma. ...
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Southeast Asia · East Asia India · Sri Lanka · Tibet Bhutan · Western Countries Theravada (Pali; Sanskrit: Sthaviravada) is one of the eighteen (or twenty) Nikāya schools that formed early in the history of Buddhism. ... The Aomori Daibutsu (Big Buddha), Aomori, Japan. ... Tibetan Buddhism is the body of religious Buddhist doctrine and institutions characteristic of Tibet, the Himalayan region (including northern Nepal, Bhutan, Sikkim and Ladakh), Mongolia, Buryatia, Tuva and Kalmykia (Russia), and northeastern China (Manchuria: Heilongjiang, Jilin). ... The Indo-Greek king Menander (155-130 BCE) is the first Western historical figure documented to have converted to Buddhism. ...
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White Horse Temple (Simplified Chinese: 白马寺; Traditional Chinese: 白馬寺; pinyin: Báimǎ Sì; also White Horse Ministry) was the first Buddhist temple in China, established under the patronage of Emperor Ming in the Eastern Han capital Luoyang in the year 68.^{[citation needed]} This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Traditional Chinese characters refers to one of two standard sets of printed Chinese characters. ... Pinyin, more formally called Hanyu Pinyin (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; Pinyin: ), is the most common variant of Standard Mandarin romanization system in use. ... A silhouette of a Buddha statue at Ayutthaya, Thailand. ... Format of naming convention in English is under discussion at Wikipedia talk:Naming conventions (Chinese). ... Han Dynasty in 87 BC Capital Changan (202 BCâ€“9 AD) Luoyang (25 ADâ€“190 AD) Language(s) Chinese Religion Taoism, Confucianism Government Monarchy History - Establishment 206 BC - Battle of Gaixia; Han rule of China begins 202 BC - Interruption of Han rule 9 - 24 - Abdication to Cao Wei 220... Luoyang (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: ) is a prefecture-level city in western Henan province, Peoples Republic of China. ... Centuries: 1st century BCE - 1st century - 2nd century Decades: 10s 20s 30s 40s 50s - 60s - 70s 80s 90s 100s 110s Years: 63 64 65 66 67 - 68 - 69 70 71 72 73 Events June 9 - Roman Emperor Nero commits suicide. ...

1 Founding
2 Naming
3 Significance
4 Location
5 History
6 Description
7 Visiting today
8 See also

Founding

According to the Book of Later Han history, Emperor Ming was said to have dreamed one night in the year 64 of a golden person standing 20 metres tall and with a radiating white aureola flying from the West. The next day he told his ministers, and the minister Zhong Hu explained to him that he hadprobably dreamed of the Buddha from India. The emperor then sent a delegation of 18 headed by Cai Yin, Qin Jing and Wang Zun to seek out Buddhism. They returned from Afghanistan with an image of Gautama Buddha, the Sutra of Forty-two Chapters and two eminent monks. The Book of Later Han (Chinese:åŽæ±‰ä¹¦) is one of the official Chinese historical works which was compiled by Fan Ye in the 5th century, using a number of earlier histories and documents as sources. ... Images of Mary, mother of Jesus are often surrounded by an aureole, as in this image of Our Lady of Guadalupe. ... Media:Example. ... A silhouette of a Buddha statue at Ayutthaya, Thailand. ... Siddhartha and Gautama redirect here. ... The Sutra of Forty-two Chapters (Also called the Sutra of Forty-two Sections, Chinese: å››åäºŒç« ç¶“) is the earliest surviving Buddhist sutra translated into Chinese. ...

The monks names have been variously romanized as Kasyapamatanga and Dharmavanya, Moton and Chufarlan. Moton Suspension Technology is a Dutch manufacturer of dampers for automobile racing. ...

The next year, the emperor ordered the construction of the White Horse Temple three li east of the capital Luoyang, to remember the horse that carried back the sutras. It was China's first Buddhist temple. Li or li may refer to: Lee or Li is a transliteration of several Chinese and Korean family names, see Li (Chinese name) and Lee (Korean name). ... Luoyang (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: ) is a prefecture-level city in western Henan province, Peoples Republic of China. ...

Naming

Notably, the emperor ordered the suffix 寺 (pinyin si) to be used in the temple's name, as a display of respect. Previously, this character had been used to denote ministries of government. In later periods, all temples came to use this character in their name and it was dropped from the names of government ministries. As a result, the temple's name is sometimes translated as White Horse Ministry, a translation true to the time. However, White Horse Temple is the correct, literal reading to modern Chinese people. Pinyin, more formally called Hanyu Pinyin (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; Pinyin: ), is the most common variant of Standard Mandarin romanization system in use. ...

Significance

The old temple gate, May 2004.

The first version of the Chinese Sutra of Forty-two Sections (四十二章經) was produced within the temple. The temple then increased in importance as Buddhism grew within China, and spread to Korea, Japan and Vietnam. The introduction of Buddhism in China was also a significant influence on Chinese morals, thought and ethics. Download high resolution version (1040x585, 108 KB)Image of White Horse Temple entrance taken 2004-05-06 at 16:48 (China time) by me. ... Download high resolution version (1040x585, 108 KB)Image of White Horse Temple entrance taken 2004-05-06 at 16:48 (China time) by me. ... The Sutra of Forty-two Chapters (also called the Sutra of Forty-two Sections, Chinese: å››åäºŒç« ç¶“) is the earliest surviving Buddhist sutra translated into Chinese. ... This article is about the Korean peninsula and civilization. ...

Location

The temple is located within Han and Wei Dynasty Luoyang, which lies approximately 12km east of modern Luoyang, in Henan province. Han Dynasty in 87 BC Capital Changan (202 BCâ€“9 AD) Luoyang (25 ADâ€“190 AD) Language(s) Chinese Religion Taoism, Confucianism Government Monarchy History - Establishment 206 BC - Battle of Gaixia; Han rule of China begins 202 BC - Interruption of Han rule 9 - 24 - Abdication to Cao Wei 220... Northern Wei Buddha Maitreya, 443 AD. A Buddhist stela from the Northern Wei period, build in the early 6th century. ... Luoyang (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: ) is a prefecture-level city in western Henan province, Peoples Republic of China. ... Henan (Chinese: æ²³å—; Hanyu Pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Ho-nan), is a province of the Peoples Republic of China, located in the central part of the country. ... For other province-level divisions, see Political divisions of China. ...

History

258 A royal Kuchean monk, Po-Yen, translated six Buddhist text in to Chinese at the temple, including the important Infinite Life Sutra.
1992 With the assistance of Thai and Chinese donors, the Hall of the Thai Buddha was constructed slightly west of the old temple.

Events Sun Xiu succeeds Sun Liang as ruler of the Chinese kingdom of Wu The Goths ravage Asia Minor and Trabzon Gaul, Britain and Spain break off from the Roman Empire to form the Gallic Empire Nanjing University first founded in Nanjing, China Births Emperor Hui of Jin China (approximate... Kucha/Kuchar (Chinese Simplified: åº“è½¦; Traditional: åº«è»Š; pinyin KÃ¹chÄ“; also romanized as Chiu-tzu, Kiu-che, Kuei-tzu. ... The Infinite Life Sutra, or Larger Pure Land Sutra, is a Mahayana Buddhist text associated with Pure Land Buddhism. ... Year 1992 (MCMXCII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1992 Gregorian calendar). ...

Description

The temple compound covers an area of 200 mu (13 hectares), and faces south. A stone paifang (archway) has been recently built 150 metres in front of the original gate. Between the archway and gate lies a pool with fountains, spanned by three stone bridges. The Chinese units (Chinese: å¸‚åˆ¶; pinyin: ; literally market system) are the customary and traditional units of measure used in China. ... One of the formal entrances or Paifang to Chinatown in London, England. ...

Entering the temple today, one sees the Hall of Heavenly Kings, Hall of the Great Buddha, Hall of Mahavira, Hall of Greeting, the Cool and Clear Terrace and the pavilion. On each side of the pavilion are the Sutra House and the Magic Weapon House. It has been suggested that Four Guardian Gods be merged into this article or section. ... Siddhartha and Gautama redirect here. ... Idol of Lord Mahavira at Shri Mahaveerji (the holy town in Rajasthan named after Mahavira. ... Pavilion in Taipei, Taiwan Chinese Pavilions (Chinese äº, pinyin tÃng) are single-story covered structures and are a traditional part of Chinese architecture. ... SÅ«tra (sex) (Sanskrit) or Sutta (PÄli) literally means a rope or thread that holds things together, and more metaphorically refers to an aphorism (or line, rule, formula), or a collection of such aphorisms in the form of a manual. ...

Visiting today

The temple is open to the public, and can be reached by public bus number 56 from Luoyang Train Station. Standard tickets cost 35元 and discounts are available to students at half price (17.5元).

Contents

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